AB-QTL法定位海岛棉产量及纤维品质基因
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摘要
利用优异的陆地棉栽培品种中棉所36和海岛棉品种海_1杂交,中棉所36为轮回亲本,构建含BC_1F_1、BC_2F_1和BC_1S_1三个世代的回交群体,利用BC_1F_1分离群体以SSR标记构建连锁图谱,采用复合区间作图方法(CIM)对产量性状和纤维品质性状进行QTL定位研究,以将海岛棉优异基因导入陆地棉优异栽培品种,来拓宽陆地棉狭窄的遗传基础,为品种改良提供更丰富的资源材料。
     1.用亲本(中棉所36和海_1)和F_1 DNA对不同来源的3223对SSR引物进行多态性筛选,共筛选到294对含有海_1显性带的引物,占筛选引物总数的9.12%;最终对其中的264对引物进行了群体扩增,获得277个SSR标记差异位点。连锁分析表明(LOD=6.5),有217个标记位点连锁,分布在44个连锁群中,覆盖1908.67cM,约占棉花基因组的42.89%;平均每个连锁群有27.46个标记,覆盖43.38 cM;标记间平均间距为8.80cM。
     2.利用BC_1F_1、BC_2F_1和BC_1S_1三个不同世代分离群体产量性状数据,共定位9个产量性状QTL,解释表型变异6.90%~19.17%。其中,衣分2个,铃重5个,籽指2个。控制衣分的2个QTL可在三个不同的世代稳定检测到。
     3.依据BC_1F_1、BC_F_1和BC_S_1三个不同世代的纤维品质数据,共定位纤维品质5个性状的30个QTL。其中,长度7个QTL;强度8个QTL;伸长率8个QTL;整齐度4个QTL;马克隆值3个QTL。每个QTL分别解释6.62%~15.38%的表型变异。有2个纤维长度的QTL可在三个不同世代中稳定检测到,1个与纤维长度相关和1个与纤维强度相关的QTL可在BC_1S_1和BC_2F_1两个世代稳定检测到。
In order to introgress elite QTL alleles of G.barbadense L.for fiber yield and quality into G.hirsutum L.and enlarge the narrow genetic base of G.hirsutum and provide more new germplasm resources for the variety development,the commercial G.hirsutum variety 'Zhongmiansuo36' and G.barbadense 'Hai 1' were respectively used as recurrent and donor parent to produce backcross populations,including BC_1F_1, BC_1S_1 and BC_2F_1.QTL analysis of yield-related trait and fiber quality on three phenotypic data sets were proceeded by the Composite Interval Mapping method.
     A total of 3223 SSR primer pairs were used to screen polymorphism among the parents Zhongmiansuo36,Hai 1 and their F_1 progeny,which resulted in 294 polymorphic primer pairs with the special band for Hai 1,and 264 of them were used to screen the BC_1F_1 population.Linkage test indicated 217 of 277 polymorphic locus derived from 264 primer pairs could be mapped into 44 linkage groups and covered a total genetic distance of 1908.67cM,approximately 42.89%of cotton genome.The number of the markers per linkage group was 27.46,which spanned 43.38cM of the cotton genome.And the average distance of the neighboring markers were 8.80cM.
     9 QTLs for yield-related traits were mapped among the three generations using CIM.QTL numbers for lint percentage,boll weight and seed index were 2,5 and 2, respectively,which accounted for 6.90%~19.17%of phenotypic variance.2 QTLs for lint percentage could be detected in the three generations,which indicated that these QTLs had stable genetic effect under different genetic backgrounds and could be used for marker-assisted selection.
     30 QTLs for fiber quality traits were mapped among the three generations.QTL numbers for fiber length,strength,micronaire,uniformity and elongation ratio were 7, 8,3,4,8,respectively,which could explain 6.62%~15.38%of phenotypic variance. Two QTLs for fiber length could be detected in the three generations.Additionally, one for fiber length and one for fiber strength could be detected in both BC_1S_1 and BC_2F_1.
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