真空脱气塔受损部位应力测试与分析
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摘要
塔体测试是了解塔体运行情况的一项关键技术,其中应力测试是塔体测试的一项关键内容。应力测试技术主要采用电阻应变片和应变仪测定构件应变,然后再根据应变与应力的关系,确定构件应力状态。四川维尼纶厂2D440/441真空脱气塔/预脱气塔是生产过程中重要的一台设备,于1978年正式投运,该设备于1993年离塔底约12m高处鼓包受伤,本文主要采用应力测试技术对2D440/441真空脱气塔/预脱气塔受损部位的应力应变情况进行测试、计算和分析,并得出测试结论。首先,论文对本项目的研究背景和国内外塔体缺陷测试与分析技术现状进行了阐述,并在调查研究的基础上重点针对2D440/441真空脱气塔/预脱气塔的实际状况制定了应力测试的方案和应力计算与分析方案。
其次,对测试对象2D440/441真空脱气塔/预脱气塔进行了材料力学理论计算分析和有限元法理论计算分析。材料力学理论计算分析分别对受损部位在重力作用、大气作用下、综合作用下的应力、应变进行了计算,对塔体自重、增加填充料后、塔体抽真空后、塔体工作状态的综合受力进行了分析。同时,采用有限元法对塔体进行计算模型建立、网格划分,并对计算结果进行分析。
最后,按照应力测试方案在生产现场按照实际生产过程分两个步骤对2D440/441真空脱气塔/预脱气塔的应力进行了实测,得到了大量测试数据。重点对测试数据结果进行分析比较,特别对测试得到的危险点进行了详细分析,给出测试结论和建议。
Stress testing on tower body is one of the key technologies to know about working condition of the tower. The method of stress test is to determine the distortion of the component with resistance strain gauge and resistance strain indicator, and to determine the surface strain condition of the component according to the relationship of stress and strain. The vacuum degasifier/pre-degasifier is an important equipment in the process of production in Sichuan vinglon factory. The equipment is running after the first time in 1978.In 1993, the tower was deformed in 12m altitude from bottom of the tower. The paper explored the stress test on the deformed part of the vacuum degasifier/pre-degasifiera.
First, the paper introduces the background of the item and the development of flaw test technology in domestic and foreign industry. On the basis of investigation and research, we specially formulated a plan of test and stress computation and analysis in terms of the practical situation of the vacuum degasifier/pre-degasifier.
Next, the paper conducts the computation and analysis of Mechanics of Materials and finite element analysis of the vacuum degasifier/pre-degasifier. In the stage of analysis of Mechanics of Materials, we calculated the stress and strain on the condition of gravity, atmospheric pressure and combined condition, performed the combined stress analysis with regard to the deformed part when the tower body is just in dead weight, filed with material, vacuum produced, and when it was running. The paper also applied the method of finite element analysis to establish the mathematical model, meshing the tower body, and analyzed the calculated result.
Finally, according to the stress test plan, we measured the strain of the vacuum degasifier/pre-degasifier in two steps and gained abundant original data in the practical producing process. The paper analyzed the test results and specially analyzed the peril point in detail and gave some suggestion to the factory leader.
其次,对测试对象2D440/441真空脱气塔/预脱气塔进行了材料力学理论计算分析和有限元法理论计算分析。材料力学理论计算分析分别对受损部位在重力作用、大气作用下、综合作用下的应力、应变进行了计算,对塔体自重、增加填充料后、塔体抽真空后、塔体工作状态的综合受力进行了分析。同时,采用有限元法对塔体进行计算模型建立、网格划分,并对计算结果进行分析。
最后,按照应力测试方案在生产现场按照实际生产过程分两个步骤对2D440/441真空脱气塔/预脱气塔的应力进行了实测,得到了大量测试数据。重点对测试数据结果进行分析比较,特别对测试得到的危险点进行了详细分析,给出测试结论和建议。
Stress testing on tower body is one of the key technologies to know about working condition of the tower. The method of stress test is to determine the distortion of the component with resistance strain gauge and resistance strain indicator, and to determine the surface strain condition of the component according to the relationship of stress and strain. The vacuum degasifier/pre-degasifier is an important equipment in the process of production in Sichuan vinglon factory. The equipment is running after the first time in 1978.In 1993, the tower was deformed in 12m altitude from bottom of the tower. The paper explored the stress test on the deformed part of the vacuum degasifier/pre-degasifiera.
First, the paper introduces the background of the item and the development of flaw test technology in domestic and foreign industry. On the basis of investigation and research, we specially formulated a plan of test and stress computation and analysis in terms of the practical situation of the vacuum degasifier/pre-degasifier.
Next, the paper conducts the computation and analysis of Mechanics of Materials and finite element analysis of the vacuum degasifier/pre-degasifier. In the stage of analysis of Mechanics of Materials, we calculated the stress and strain on the condition of gravity, atmospheric pressure and combined condition, performed the combined stress analysis with regard to the deformed part when the tower body is just in dead weight, filed with material, vacuum produced, and when it was running. The paper also applied the method of finite element analysis to establish the mathematical model, meshing the tower body, and analyzed the calculated result.
Finally, according to the stress test plan, we measured the strain of the vacuum degasifier/pre-degasifier in two steps and gained abundant original data in the practical producing process. The paper analyzed the test results and specially analyzed the peril point in detail and gave some suggestion to the factory leader.
引文
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[16] 冯立成,周密,郭勇.微机在压力容器应力测试中的试用.化工机械.2001(5):255~258
[17] 任 欣 , 孙伟明 . 微 型 空 气 压 缩 机 储 气 罐 的 应 力 测 试 与 结 构 强 度 试 验 . 压 缩 机 技术.1996(5):26~28
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[21] 郝光香.压力容器应力测定中的综合误差分析.齐齐哈尔大学学报.1998(4).55~57
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[23] 王全聪.液压缸应力测试及分析.锻压机械.1994(6).48~50
[24] 胡八一.真实爆炸容器水压应变测试及分析.爆炸与冲击.2003(3).279~282
[25] 刘国伟.整体焊后热处理对球罐残余应力松驰效果的评价.化工装备技术.1994(6) .10~13
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[27] Liang, J., Dariavach, N.,Shangguan, D.,Deformation behavior of solder alloys under variable strain rate shearing & creep conditions. Advanced Packaging Materials: Processes, Properties and Interfaces, 2005. Proceedings. International Symposium on 16-18 March 2005 Page(s):21~26
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