长春市朝阳区住宿业卫生监督现况调查与对策分析
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摘要
随着全球经济的飞速发展,公共场所卫生状况的好与坏已经成为衡量一个城市乃至一个国家精神文明卫生程度的重要标志。住宿业卫生监督作为公共场所卫生监督的一项重要内容,住宿场所的卫生质量问题越来越得到人们的普遍关注,研究如何提高住宿场所的卫生质量,保障住宿人员的身体健康成为当务之急。
本文通过对长春市朝阳区辖区内的180家住宿场所的卫生状况进行现场调查,利用《住宿业卫生监督量化分级评分表》进行卫生监督评分,了解住宿业在卫生管理、功能卫生及公共卫生用品卫生三方面的状况,分析长春市朝阳区住宿业管理过程中存在的不足,提出管理对策,为今后进一步深入开展住宿行业的量化分级管理工作提供参考依据,探索适合于住宿业卫生监督管理的先进模式。
With the rapid development of the global economy, hygienic conditions in public places have become an important measurement of the development of a city or a country. Meanwhile the supervision on hygienic conditions in public places also has caused worldwide concern. It has become an urgent need and demand to study how to improve the hygienic quality of public accommodations and how to guarantee the health conditions of the staff of public accommodations.
Purpose:
This paper investigates the hygienic conditions about 180 lodging places in Chaoyang District, Changchun City. And it evaluates all the lodging places based on the rating of Scoring Sheet by Quantitative Classification for Hygienic Supervision in Lodging Industry ".It also explores the conditions in health management, functional health and public health supplies , and analyzes problems and flaws in the management process in the lodging industry in Chaoyang District, Changchun City; The purpose of present study aims at providing management strategies for the future supervision and exploring advanced mode suitable for the further hygienic management .
Method:
This paper employs two main methods: questionnaire and face-to-face interview.. The data collection mainly comes from inspection grading for accommodations industry. The subjects (the lodging places) are categorized into different levels according to their grading scores. Then a comparative analysis is made between different levels. Finally the data is analysed with the help of software Excel and SAS, which will help find existing problems of hygienic condition in accommodations industry and puts forward relevant countermeasures.
Results:
The examination score shows the overall result is good. According to health classification management requirement, among effective subjects of 179 houses , 8 reached A standard,41 is B standard, 130 reached grade C standard accounting for 72.63%. No lodging places gets a grade under 60.
The result also shows that higher scores fall in health credit rating; however, three aspects need to be improved which include management with permission, self-examination records and inspection report from the implementation. Personnel management is relatively good, but the physical training aspect and personal hygiene needs to be strengthened. In these three aspects, the rate between the average score and standard score is more than 70%.
The result about management in functional places shows that the environment in general and disinfection pharmaceutical implementation are relatively good, but there is unsatisfied result in cleaning and disinfection procedure, and in disinfection medicine ratio containers; the brief weaknesses is that the dirty cotton was found in cleaning room.
About management of supplies in public accommodations industry the study result finds that public goods is equipped with good items, the condition of implementation management of public goods is good, the average score is up to 80 in aspects of cotton cleaning, a guest a change, and cleaning tools
The investigation also finds that the difference of hygienic conditions among different levels of accommodations is significant.
Based on the above research results, the following suggestions are offered: (1) To strengthen the training for supervisor, unit chief, special post personnel; (2) To strengthen health supervision and quantitative grading management, for improving health supervision level and effects; (3) To actively guide accommodation owners and their employees to stay involved in hygiene management, change "discipline" for "self-discipline"; (4) To increase the propaganda and reporting, improve the public for residential degree of knowledge about workplace health.
Conclusion:
In view of the above study and analysis, the paper makes the following conclusions:
1. The overall health condition in accommodations industry in Chaoyang District, Changchun city is good, but there is still a large space of improvement,
2. In health management the great differences are found in different lodging places in showing certification, self-examination records, test report, etc .
3. There are problems about health condition and facilities in functional rooms. Drugs and ratio containers in sterilization rooms are insufficient, sterilizing procedures also need to be improved and there is hidden danger in item sterilization management;
4 When it comes to management of public goods,the number of public goods is insufficient and conservancy of sanitation is unsound.
本文通过对长春市朝阳区辖区内的180家住宿场所的卫生状况进行现场调查,利用《住宿业卫生监督量化分级评分表》进行卫生监督评分,了解住宿业在卫生管理、功能卫生及公共卫生用品卫生三方面的状况,分析长春市朝阳区住宿业管理过程中存在的不足,提出管理对策,为今后进一步深入开展住宿行业的量化分级管理工作提供参考依据,探索适合于住宿业卫生监督管理的先进模式。
With the rapid development of the global economy, hygienic conditions in public places have become an important measurement of the development of a city or a country. Meanwhile the supervision on hygienic conditions in public places also has caused worldwide concern. It has become an urgent need and demand to study how to improve the hygienic quality of public accommodations and how to guarantee the health conditions of the staff of public accommodations.
Purpose:
This paper investigates the hygienic conditions about 180 lodging places in Chaoyang District, Changchun City. And it evaluates all the lodging places based on the rating of Scoring Sheet by Quantitative Classification for Hygienic Supervision in Lodging Industry ".It also explores the conditions in health management, functional health and public health supplies , and analyzes problems and flaws in the management process in the lodging industry in Chaoyang District, Changchun City; The purpose of present study aims at providing management strategies for the future supervision and exploring advanced mode suitable for the further hygienic management .
Method:
This paper employs two main methods: questionnaire and face-to-face interview.. The data collection mainly comes from inspection grading for accommodations industry. The subjects (the lodging places) are categorized into different levels according to their grading scores. Then a comparative analysis is made between different levels. Finally the data is analysed with the help of software Excel and SAS, which will help find existing problems of hygienic condition in accommodations industry and puts forward relevant countermeasures.
Results:
The examination score shows the overall result is good. According to health classification management requirement, among effective subjects of 179 houses , 8 reached A standard,41 is B standard, 130 reached grade C standard accounting for 72.63%. No lodging places gets a grade under 60.
The result also shows that higher scores fall in health credit rating; however, three aspects need to be improved which include management with permission, self-examination records and inspection report from the implementation. Personnel management is relatively good, but the physical training aspect and personal hygiene needs to be strengthened. In these three aspects, the rate between the average score and standard score is more than 70%.
The result about management in functional places shows that the environment in general and disinfection pharmaceutical implementation are relatively good, but there is unsatisfied result in cleaning and disinfection procedure, and in disinfection medicine ratio containers; the brief weaknesses is that the dirty cotton was found in cleaning room.
About management of supplies in public accommodations industry the study result finds that public goods is equipped with good items, the condition of implementation management of public goods is good, the average score is up to 80 in aspects of cotton cleaning, a guest a change, and cleaning tools
The investigation also finds that the difference of hygienic conditions among different levels of accommodations is significant.
Based on the above research results, the following suggestions are offered: (1) To strengthen the training for supervisor, unit chief, special post personnel; (2) To strengthen health supervision and quantitative grading management, for improving health supervision level and effects; (3) To actively guide accommodation owners and their employees to stay involved in hygiene management, change "discipline" for "self-discipline"; (4) To increase the propaganda and reporting, improve the public for residential degree of knowledge about workplace health.
Conclusion:
In view of the above study and analysis, the paper makes the following conclusions:
1. The overall health condition in accommodations industry in Chaoyang District, Changchun city is good, but there is still a large space of improvement,
2. In health management the great differences are found in different lodging places in showing certification, self-examination records, test report, etc .
3. There are problems about health condition and facilities in functional rooms. Drugs and ratio containers in sterilization rooms are insufficient, sterilizing procedures also need to be improved and there is hidden danger in item sterilization management;
4 When it comes to management of public goods,the number of public goods is insufficient and conservancy of sanitation is unsound.
引文
[1]刘训利,于军.群体意识与公共场所卫生监督的关系[J].中国卫生监督杂志, 2002,9(1):7-8.
[2]郭志生.佛山市南海区部分种类公共场所卫生监督量化分级管理效果评价[D].中山大学硕士论文,2008.
[3]食品商务网.15岁以下少年儿童将免费接种乙肝疫苗[EB/OL]. http://www.21food.cn/html/news/35/412182.htm.008-12-12.
[4]闪淳昌.建立突发公共事件应急机制的探讨[J].中国科学生产科学技术,2005,1(2):24-26.
[5]白春生,陈双辉.公共场所在预防SARS中暴露出的卫生问题及对策[J].职业与健康,2004,20(09):101-102.
[6]陈屏历.基层公共场所卫生监督的现状和对策[J].中国公共卫生管理,2004,20(02):144-145.
[7]李明.基层公共场所卫生监督几个问题的探讨[J].预防医学情报杂志,2004,20(4):464-465.
[8]高小蔷,张宏,张永慧.从食品卫生监督量化分级管理看我国食品卫生监督制度的改革[J].中国食品卫生杂志,2002,14(5):23-25.
[9]张成云,刘影,金立坚,等.建议推行公共场所卫生量化分级管理的设想[J].现代预防医学,2004,31(5):762-763.
[10]中华人民共和国卫生部.卫生部关于开展公共场所卫生监督管理量化分级试点工作的通知[N].卫监督发(2005)340号.
[11]吴豪世,江丽林,祝荣坚等.公共场所卫生管理存在的问题及对策探讨[J].中国公共卫生管理,2001,17(4):299-300.
[12]卫生部.启动公共场所卫生监督量化分级管理制度[N].中新网,2009-01-23.
[13]卫生部.关于推行公共场所卫量化分级管理制度的通知[N].卫监督发(2009)5号国务院公报,2009.20:11-12.
[14]阚学贵.中国卫生监督统计报告工作手册[M].北京:中国科学技术出版社,1996,68-73.
[15]中华人民共和国卫生部(卫监督[2007]第167号).卫生部关于2006年全国卫生监督工作情况的通报[N].2007-5-18.
[16]卫生部.公共场所卫生监督量化分级管理指南[N].卫监督发(2009)5号国务院公报,2009.20:11-12.
[17]张光南,张淑兰,徐江云,等.公共卫生执法监督的管理与对策分析[J].现代预防医学,2008,,35(14):2788-2789.
[18]高红阁.《公共场所卫生管理条例》及《实施细则》在监督执法中存在的问题和修订建议[J].疾病监测与控制杂志,2009,3(11):659-660.
[19]孔维生,陈军.公共场所卫生监督量化分级管理的实践[J].浙江预防医学,2008,20(2):37-38.
[20]阚学贵.中国卫生监督统计报告手册[M].北京:中国科学技术出版社, 1996, 153.
[21]李岩,章凤羽,石琳,等.哈尔滨市1997-2001年食品卫生监测结果分析[J].中国公共卫生管理,2002,18(4):315-316.
[22]刘天锡.疾病控制手册[M].第1版.银川:宁夏人民出版社,2001.8.
[23]刘忠雷,齐振文.旅店业卫生监督量化分级管理初探[J].宜春学院学报, 2005,27(2): 72.
[24]孔维生,陈军.公共场所卫生监督量化分级管理的实践[J].浙江预防医学,2008,20(2):37-38.
[25]李艳杰.公共场所卫生监督监测工作存在的问题及对策[J].中国现代药物应用,2009,3(21):204-205.
[26]沈慰如.食品卫生监督量化分级管理的利弊讨论[J].中国卫生监督杂, 2004, 11(2): 106.
[27]薛志钧.成都市旅店业卫生监督管理量化分级试点工作初探[J].现代预防医学,2008,35(1):180-185.
[28]高小啬.从食品卫生监督量化分级管理看我国食品卫生监督制度的改革[J].中国食品卫生杂志,2002,14(5):24.
[29]张向阳,张文,陈毓雄,等.公共场所经营单位开展卫生监督量化分级管理工作初探[J].广东药学院学报,2005,21( 6):732-734.
[30]刘忠雷.旅店业卫生监督量化分级管理初探[J].宜春学院学报, 2005, 27( 2): 72.
[2]郭志生.佛山市南海区部分种类公共场所卫生监督量化分级管理效果评价[D].中山大学硕士论文,2008.
[3]食品商务网.15岁以下少年儿童将免费接种乙肝疫苗[EB/OL]. http://www.21food.cn/html/news/35/412182.htm.008-12-12.
[4]闪淳昌.建立突发公共事件应急机制的探讨[J].中国科学生产科学技术,2005,1(2):24-26.
[5]白春生,陈双辉.公共场所在预防SARS中暴露出的卫生问题及对策[J].职业与健康,2004,20(09):101-102.
[6]陈屏历.基层公共场所卫生监督的现状和对策[J].中国公共卫生管理,2004,20(02):144-145.
[7]李明.基层公共场所卫生监督几个问题的探讨[J].预防医学情报杂志,2004,20(4):464-465.
[8]高小蔷,张宏,张永慧.从食品卫生监督量化分级管理看我国食品卫生监督制度的改革[J].中国食品卫生杂志,2002,14(5):23-25.
[9]张成云,刘影,金立坚,等.建议推行公共场所卫生量化分级管理的设想[J].现代预防医学,2004,31(5):762-763.
[10]中华人民共和国卫生部.卫生部关于开展公共场所卫生监督管理量化分级试点工作的通知[N].卫监督发(2005)340号.
[11]吴豪世,江丽林,祝荣坚等.公共场所卫生管理存在的问题及对策探讨[J].中国公共卫生管理,2001,17(4):299-300.
[12]卫生部.启动公共场所卫生监督量化分级管理制度[N].中新网,2009-01-23.
[13]卫生部.关于推行公共场所卫量化分级管理制度的通知[N].卫监督发(2009)5号国务院公报,2009.20:11-12.
[14]阚学贵.中国卫生监督统计报告工作手册[M].北京:中国科学技术出版社,1996,68-73.
[15]中华人民共和国卫生部(卫监督[2007]第167号).卫生部关于2006年全国卫生监督工作情况的通报[N].2007-5-18.
[16]卫生部.公共场所卫生监督量化分级管理指南[N].卫监督发(2009)5号国务院公报,2009.20:11-12.
[17]张光南,张淑兰,徐江云,等.公共卫生执法监督的管理与对策分析[J].现代预防医学,2008,,35(14):2788-2789.
[18]高红阁.《公共场所卫生管理条例》及《实施细则》在监督执法中存在的问题和修订建议[J].疾病监测与控制杂志,2009,3(11):659-660.
[19]孔维生,陈军.公共场所卫生监督量化分级管理的实践[J].浙江预防医学,2008,20(2):37-38.
[20]阚学贵.中国卫生监督统计报告手册[M].北京:中国科学技术出版社, 1996, 153.
[21]李岩,章凤羽,石琳,等.哈尔滨市1997-2001年食品卫生监测结果分析[J].中国公共卫生管理,2002,18(4):315-316.
[22]刘天锡.疾病控制手册[M].第1版.银川:宁夏人民出版社,2001.8.
[23]刘忠雷,齐振文.旅店业卫生监督量化分级管理初探[J].宜春学院学报, 2005,27(2): 72.
[24]孔维生,陈军.公共场所卫生监督量化分级管理的实践[J].浙江预防医学,2008,20(2):37-38.
[25]李艳杰.公共场所卫生监督监测工作存在的问题及对策[J].中国现代药物应用,2009,3(21):204-205.
[26]沈慰如.食品卫生监督量化分级管理的利弊讨论[J].中国卫生监督杂, 2004, 11(2): 106.
[27]薛志钧.成都市旅店业卫生监督管理量化分级试点工作初探[J].现代预防医学,2008,35(1):180-185.
[28]高小啬.从食品卫生监督量化分级管理看我国食品卫生监督制度的改革[J].中国食品卫生杂志,2002,14(5):24.
[29]张向阳,张文,陈毓雄,等.公共场所经营单位开展卫生监督量化分级管理工作初探[J].广东药学院学报,2005,21( 6):732-734.
[30]刘忠雷.旅店业卫生监督量化分级管理初探[J].宜春学院学报, 2005, 27( 2): 72.