深部巷道围岩的导热性试验与温度场分布的研究
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摘要
对于深部开采而言,所面临的主要问题是地层高温给开采带来极大的难度,以及高温对作业环境的影响。基于这一情况,本文开展流固耦合作用下,深部围岩导热系数的试验研究和巷道温度场分布规律的理论研究。因此本论文分为导热系数测试、风流与围岩换热的数值模拟两大部分。
对于围岩导热系数的试验研究,本文采用深部岩体作为试样研究了流固耦合条件下围岩的导热系数,考虑巷道内部的实际情况本文还研究了流固耦合条件下现浇混凝土的导热系数。研究表明当流体的温度增大时,围岩及现浇混凝土的导热系数随着流体温度的增大而增大,导热系数与流体的温度近似成线性关系;当流量增大时,围岩及混凝土的导热系数先是增大,达到一定程度后开始下降最终导热系数始终大于初始导热系数。
利用流固耦合条件下对围岩及现浇混凝土导热系数的试验研究,获得围岩及现浇混凝土支护的导热系数,模拟风流与围岩换热条件下深部巷道的温度场分布情况。模拟表明,组合支护体系下风流的施加不会改变巷道温度场的对称分布形状;渗流场的施加,改变了温度场和温度矢量原有的对称分布的状态。在巷道的逆渗流方向等温线密集,而在顺渗流方向等温线分布相对疏松,这表明渗流伴随着热迁移现象。
For the deep mining, the main problem is the difficulty which brought by formation temperature in mining, as well as high temperature operating environment and so on.Based on this situation, this paper carried out under the action of fluid-solid coupling, thermal conductivity of the deep surrounding rock of experimental research and the distribution law of roadway temperature field theory. Therefore, this paper is divided into thermal conductivity testing, airflow and heat transfer numerical simulation of surrounding rock.
For the experimental research of the rock thermal conductivity coefficient, this paper deep rock samples were studied as a solid-fluid interaction under the conditions of the thermal conductivity of surrounding rock, considering the actual situation inside the tunnel.Studies have shown that when the fluid temperature increases, the rock, and in-situ thermal conductivity of concrete with the increase of fluid temperature increases, besides, thermal conductivity coefficient and fluid temperature of approximately linear relationship; when the flow rate increases, the rock and the concrete thermal conductivity first increases, reaches a certain level and then begins to decline after the final thermal conductivity, thermal conductivity is always larger than the original.
The use of solid-fluid coupling under the condition of thermal conductivity of surrounding rock and the in-situ concrete experimental studies to obtain in-situ concrete retaining wall rock and the thermal conductivity to simulate airflow and heat transfer under the conditions of deep rock temperature field distribution of roadway. Simulation shows that the combination of bracing air flow system, imposed under the roadway that will not change the distribution of temperature field symmetrical shape; seepage field applied, changing the temperature field and temperature distribution of vector status of the original symmetry. In the roadway against the flow direction of the isotherms-intensive, while in the cis-orientation of the isotherms the distribution of seepage is relatively loose, which indicates that the phenomenon of flow accompanied by heat transfer.
对于围岩导热系数的试验研究,本文采用深部岩体作为试样研究了流固耦合条件下围岩的导热系数,考虑巷道内部的实际情况本文还研究了流固耦合条件下现浇混凝土的导热系数。研究表明当流体的温度增大时,围岩及现浇混凝土的导热系数随着流体温度的增大而增大,导热系数与流体的温度近似成线性关系;当流量增大时,围岩及混凝土的导热系数先是增大,达到一定程度后开始下降最终导热系数始终大于初始导热系数。
利用流固耦合条件下对围岩及现浇混凝土导热系数的试验研究,获得围岩及现浇混凝土支护的导热系数,模拟风流与围岩换热条件下深部巷道的温度场分布情况。模拟表明,组合支护体系下风流的施加不会改变巷道温度场的对称分布形状;渗流场的施加,改变了温度场和温度矢量原有的对称分布的状态。在巷道的逆渗流方向等温线密集,而在顺渗流方向等温线分布相对疏松,这表明渗流伴随着热迁移现象。
For the deep mining, the main problem is the difficulty which brought by formation temperature in mining, as well as high temperature operating environment and so on.Based on this situation, this paper carried out under the action of fluid-solid coupling, thermal conductivity of the deep surrounding rock of experimental research and the distribution law of roadway temperature field theory. Therefore, this paper is divided into thermal conductivity testing, airflow and heat transfer numerical simulation of surrounding rock.
For the experimental research of the rock thermal conductivity coefficient, this paper deep rock samples were studied as a solid-fluid interaction under the conditions of the thermal conductivity of surrounding rock, considering the actual situation inside the tunnel.Studies have shown that when the fluid temperature increases, the rock, and in-situ thermal conductivity of concrete with the increase of fluid temperature increases, besides, thermal conductivity coefficient and fluid temperature of approximately linear relationship; when the flow rate increases, the rock and the concrete thermal conductivity first increases, reaches a certain level and then begins to decline after the final thermal conductivity, thermal conductivity is always larger than the original.
The use of solid-fluid coupling under the condition of thermal conductivity of surrounding rock and the in-situ concrete experimental studies to obtain in-situ concrete retaining wall rock and the thermal conductivity to simulate airflow and heat transfer under the conditions of deep rock temperature field distribution of roadway. Simulation shows that the combination of bracing air flow system, imposed under the roadway that will not change the distribution of temperature field symmetrical shape; seepage field applied, changing the temperature field and temperature distribution of vector status of the original symmetry. In the roadway against the flow direction of the isotherms-intensive, while in the cis-orientation of the isotherms the distribution of seepage is relatively loose, which indicates that the phenomenon of flow accompanied by heat transfer.
引文
[1]侯祺棕等.调热圈半径及其温度场的数值解算模型[J].湘潭矿业学院学报,1997,5(l),9-16.
[2] National Research Council,Rock fractures and fluid flow:contemporary understanding and applications [M] .Washington : National Academy Press.1996.
[3]吴强,秦跃平等.巷道围岩非稳态温度场有限元分析[J].辽宁工程技术大学学报,2002,12(5).52-56.
[4]张树光,孙树魁,张向东等.热害矿井巷道温度场分布规律研究[J].中国地质灾害与防治学报,2003;14(3):9—11.
[5]高建良,张学博.围岩散热计算及壁面水分蒸发的处理[J].中国安全科学学报.2006(16):(23-28).
[6]谢中朋,宋晓燕.高温矿井地温分布规律与反问题研究[J].能源技术与管理.2009,12(4):84-86.
[7] Bruno M.S and Nakagaw F M pore pressure influence on tensile fractur progagation in sedimentary rock. IntJ.Rock Mech.Min.Sci.Geomech Absti 1991.28(4):261-273.
[8]仵彦卿等.渗流场一应力场耦合分析[J].勘查科学技术.1998.4(13):3-6.
[9]徐曾和.二维应力场下承压地层中渗流的流固耦合问题[J].岩石力学与工程学报.1999,29(12):64-65.
[10]王如宾,柴军瑞.单裂隙水流作用下岩体稳定温度场理论模型与有限元数值模拟[J].水利水电技术2006,12(9):17-19.
[11]白兰兰、陈建生等.裂隙岩体热流模型研究[J].人民潢河2007.29(5):61-63.
[12]张强林、王媛.多孔岩体热流固耦合有限元模拟[J].三峡大学学报.2008.30(3):18-21.
[13]刘善利.饱和岩体热流固耦合模型研究[D].河海大学.2007.5.
[14]任晔.单裂隙岩体渗流与传热耦合的解析解与参数敏感度分析[D].北京交通大学.2009.6.
[15]胡雪蛟,杜建华,王补宣.液相饱和度对多孔介质稳态导热系数的影响[J].工程热物理学报,2001.11(6):125-128.
[16]刘光廷,黄达海.混凝土湿热传导与湿热扩散特性试验研究[J].三峡大学学报,2002,15(2):12-18.
[17]张强林,王媛.裂隙岩体等效热传导系数的探讨[J].西安石油大学学报, 2009,24(4).26-29.
[18]吴刚.岩土材料导热系数及水源热泵室内模拟试验研究[D].吉林大学学,2009.4.
[19]张延军,于子望,黄芮,吴刚,胡继华.岩土热导率测量和温度影响研究[J].岩土工程学报.2009(31):213-217.
[20]杨世铭,陶文铨.传热学,北京:高等教育出版社,1998:2-3.
[21]柴立和,蒙毅,彭晓峰.传热学研究及其未来发展的新视角探索[J].自然杂志.1999,12(01) :38-42.
[22]李培超等.饱和多孔介质流固耦合渗流的数学模型[J].水动力学研究与进展.2004,18(4):419-426.
[23]孙红萍,袁迎曙,蒋建华,程晋源.表层混凝土导热系数规律的试验研究[J].2009.5.
[24]张枫,肖建庄,宋志文.混凝土导热系数的理论模型及其应用,商品混凝土,2009.2
[25]盛谦.混凝土导热系数的试验研究,大众科技.2009.8.
[26]冯毅,梁满兵.稳态平板导热系数测定仪的误差分析,广州化工,2006;34(1):56-64.
[27]周西华,王继仁,卢国斌等.回采工作面温度场分布规律的数值模拟[J].煤炭学报,2002;27(1):59—64.
[28]洪伯潜.我国深井快速建井综合技术.煤炭科学技术[J].2006,34(1):8-11.
[29]潘宏亮.多孔介质有效导热系数的计算方法[J].航空计算技术.2000,30(3):12-15.
[30]杨德源.矿井风流热交换[J].煤矿安全.2003,10(9):94一96.
[31]陈良富等.地表热辐射方向性研究进展[J].地理科学进展,2001,263-266.
[32]王文,桂祥友,王国君.矿井热害的产生与治理[J].工业安全与环保.2003,29(4):33～35.
[33]彭担任,杨长海,隋金峰.高温矿井热害的防治[J].矿业安全与环保.1999,(6).
[34]王文,桂祥友,王国君.矿井热害的治理[J].矿业安全与环保.2002,(3):113-116
[35]李莉,张人伟,王亮,等.矿井热害分析及其防治[J].煤矿现代化.2006,(2):56-58.
[36]赖远明,刘松玉,邓华钧.寒区大坝温度场和渗流场耦合问题的非线性数值模拟[J].水利学报.2001(8):26-31.
[37]柴军瑞.混凝土坝渗流场与稳定温度场耦合分析的数学模型[J].水力发电学报.2000(1):27-35.
[38]柴军瑞,韩群柱,仵彦卿.岩体一维渗流场与温度场耦合模型的解析演算[J].地下水.1999,21(4):180-182.
[39]宋晓晨,徐卫亚.裂隙岩体渗流概念模型研究[J].岩土力学.2004,25(2):226-232.
[40]李振顶,彭辉仕.矿井热害的治理方法及效果[J].煤炭科学技术.2002,30(1):22-24.
[41]丁百川,邓存宝,王继仁.矿井封闭火区热交换及启封时间研究[J].辽宁工程技术大学学报.2003,22(4):52-54.
[42] Zhang Shu-guang,Tang Li-juan,Xu Yi-hong.Numerical simulation of temperature distribution of deep field in high temperature mine[J] .Journal of Coal Science and engineering.2008,14(2):272-275.
[43]袁亮.淮南矿区矿井降温研究与实践[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2007(3).
[44]刘晓明,罗周全,夏长念等.深井高温矿山热害控制新技术[J].安全与环境工程.2006,13(1):421-423.
[45]曹光保.矿井热害及防治明[J].地质勘探安全.2000,11(3):45-46.
[46]张树光,孙树魁,张向东等.热害矿井巷道温度场分布规律研究[J].中国地质灾害与防治学报.2003,14(3):9—11.
[47]张树光.深埋巷道围岩温度场的数值模拟分析[J].科学技术与工程.2006 ,6(14):2194—2196.
[2] National Research Council,Rock fractures and fluid flow:contemporary understanding and applications [M] .Washington : National Academy Press.1996.
[3]吴强,秦跃平等.巷道围岩非稳态温度场有限元分析[J].辽宁工程技术大学学报,2002,12(5).52-56.
[4]张树光,孙树魁,张向东等.热害矿井巷道温度场分布规律研究[J].中国地质灾害与防治学报,2003;14(3):9—11.
[5]高建良,张学博.围岩散热计算及壁面水分蒸发的处理[J].中国安全科学学报.2006(16):(23-28).
[6]谢中朋,宋晓燕.高温矿井地温分布规律与反问题研究[J].能源技术与管理.2009,12(4):84-86.
[7] Bruno M.S and Nakagaw F M pore pressure influence on tensile fractur progagation in sedimentary rock. IntJ.Rock Mech.Min.Sci.Geomech Absti 1991.28(4):261-273.
[8]仵彦卿等.渗流场一应力场耦合分析[J].勘查科学技术.1998.4(13):3-6.
[9]徐曾和.二维应力场下承压地层中渗流的流固耦合问题[J].岩石力学与工程学报.1999,29(12):64-65.
[10]王如宾,柴军瑞.单裂隙水流作用下岩体稳定温度场理论模型与有限元数值模拟[J].水利水电技术2006,12(9):17-19.
[11]白兰兰、陈建生等.裂隙岩体热流模型研究[J].人民潢河2007.29(5):61-63.
[12]张强林、王媛.多孔岩体热流固耦合有限元模拟[J].三峡大学学报.2008.30(3):18-21.
[13]刘善利.饱和岩体热流固耦合模型研究[D].河海大学.2007.5.
[14]任晔.单裂隙岩体渗流与传热耦合的解析解与参数敏感度分析[D].北京交通大学.2009.6.
[15]胡雪蛟,杜建华,王补宣.液相饱和度对多孔介质稳态导热系数的影响[J].工程热物理学报,2001.11(6):125-128.
[16]刘光廷,黄达海.混凝土湿热传导与湿热扩散特性试验研究[J].三峡大学学报,2002,15(2):12-18.
[17]张强林,王媛.裂隙岩体等效热传导系数的探讨[J].西安石油大学学报, 2009,24(4).26-29.
[18]吴刚.岩土材料导热系数及水源热泵室内模拟试验研究[D].吉林大学学,2009.4.
[19]张延军,于子望,黄芮,吴刚,胡继华.岩土热导率测量和温度影响研究[J].岩土工程学报.2009(31):213-217.
[20]杨世铭,陶文铨.传热学,北京:高等教育出版社,1998:2-3.
[21]柴立和,蒙毅,彭晓峰.传热学研究及其未来发展的新视角探索[J].自然杂志.1999,12(01) :38-42.
[22]李培超等.饱和多孔介质流固耦合渗流的数学模型[J].水动力学研究与进展.2004,18(4):419-426.
[23]孙红萍,袁迎曙,蒋建华,程晋源.表层混凝土导热系数规律的试验研究[J].2009.5.
[24]张枫,肖建庄,宋志文.混凝土导热系数的理论模型及其应用,商品混凝土,2009.2
[25]盛谦.混凝土导热系数的试验研究,大众科技.2009.8.
[26]冯毅,梁满兵.稳态平板导热系数测定仪的误差分析,广州化工,2006;34(1):56-64.
[27]周西华,王继仁,卢国斌等.回采工作面温度场分布规律的数值模拟[J].煤炭学报,2002;27(1):59—64.
[28]洪伯潜.我国深井快速建井综合技术.煤炭科学技术[J].2006,34(1):8-11.
[29]潘宏亮.多孔介质有效导热系数的计算方法[J].航空计算技术.2000,30(3):12-15.
[30]杨德源.矿井风流热交换[J].煤矿安全.2003,10(9):94一96.
[31]陈良富等.地表热辐射方向性研究进展[J].地理科学进展,2001,263-266.
[32]王文,桂祥友,王国君.矿井热害的产生与治理[J].工业安全与环保.2003,29(4):33～35.
[33]彭担任,杨长海,隋金峰.高温矿井热害的防治[J].矿业安全与环保.1999,(6).
[34]王文,桂祥友,王国君.矿井热害的治理[J].矿业安全与环保.2002,(3):113-116
[35]李莉,张人伟,王亮,等.矿井热害分析及其防治[J].煤矿现代化.2006,(2):56-58.
[36]赖远明,刘松玉,邓华钧.寒区大坝温度场和渗流场耦合问题的非线性数值模拟[J].水利学报.2001(8):26-31.
[37]柴军瑞.混凝土坝渗流场与稳定温度场耦合分析的数学模型[J].水力发电学报.2000(1):27-35.
[38]柴军瑞,韩群柱,仵彦卿.岩体一维渗流场与温度场耦合模型的解析演算[J].地下水.1999,21(4):180-182.
[39]宋晓晨,徐卫亚.裂隙岩体渗流概念模型研究[J].岩土力学.2004,25(2):226-232.
[40]李振顶,彭辉仕.矿井热害的治理方法及效果[J].煤炭科学技术.2002,30(1):22-24.
[41]丁百川,邓存宝,王继仁.矿井封闭火区热交换及启封时间研究[J].辽宁工程技术大学学报.2003,22(4):52-54.
[42] Zhang Shu-guang,Tang Li-juan,Xu Yi-hong.Numerical simulation of temperature distribution of deep field in high temperature mine[J] .Journal of Coal Science and engineering.2008,14(2):272-275.
[43]袁亮.淮南矿区矿井降温研究与实践[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2007(3).
[44]刘晓明,罗周全,夏长念等.深井高温矿山热害控制新技术[J].安全与环境工程.2006,13(1):421-423.
[45]曹光保.矿井热害及防治明[J].地质勘探安全.2000,11(3):45-46.
[46]张树光,孙树魁,张向东等.热害矿井巷道温度场分布规律研究[J].中国地质灾害与防治学报.2003,14(3):9—11.
[47]张树光.深埋巷道围岩温度场的数值模拟分析[J].科学技术与工程.2006 ,6(14):2194—2196.