大豆卵磷脂的分析与精制方法研究
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摘要
本文在对大豆卵磷脂分析方法和提取方法进行综述的前提下,研究了大豆卵磷脂的分析和提纯技术。
     经实验研究,确定了大豆磷脂的高效液相色谱—示差折光检测方法(HPLC—RI法),分析条件如下:色谱柱为Waters Spherisorb~(?) S5W(5μm Silica)4.6×250mm硅胶柱;流动相为正己烷:异丙醇:水(1:4:1,v/v/v);流速:0.8ml/min;柱温:35℃;示差折光检测器温度:35℃。用大豆PC标样采取外标法对产品进行定量。此条件下PC出峰时间为11min左右,各种磷脂成分可以较好的分离。
     通过三种粗提方法的比较,确定了大豆水化油脚的粗提方法为:分别用10倍体积的工业丙酮一次性处理和10倍体积的95%工业乙醇分三次处理,搅拌,抽滤,最后将乙醇提取液合并,蒸干,即可得到PC含量在40~50%大豆磷脂粗提产物,PC收率在65%左右(大豆水化油脚PC含量按15%计算)。
     另外还研究了大豆卵磷脂的精制方法:先将粗提产物经过硅胶柱层析,除去PE、LPC和SM等杂质,然后再经过氧化铝柱层析,除去杂质磷脂PI。硅胶柱层析实验条件如下:层析介质为80~120目粗孔Ⅱ号硅胶;洗脱液为石油醚(60~90℃):乙醇:水=1:1:0.175(V/V);最佳上样量为0.037g粗提产物/ml床层体积;上样浓度:0.275g粗提产物/ml洗脱液。氧化铝柱层析洗脱液为95%工业乙醇。
     大豆磷脂粗提产物通过这种精制方法,可以得到PC纯度为94.51%的产品,柱层析阶段收率为90.88%。
In this text, we studied the separation, purification and determination technology of high purity soybean phosphatidylcholine.
    A simple rapid and accurate quantitative method was established for the determination of lecithin by HPLC-RI in this research. Separation was obtained by using Waters Spherisorb S5W (5μm Silica) 4.6 X 250 mm silica column and mobile phase of n-hexane:2-propanol:water(l:4:l,v/v/v) with flow rate of 0.8ml/min. Under this condition, the retention time of PC was about 11 minutes. This method produced data which correlated well with data from the TLC-P method, and this data was highly accurate and exhibited satisfactory reproducibility.
    The soy lecithin with 40-50% PC was obtained from soybean raw material by using acetone and 95% ethanol, the yield of PC in this process was about 65%.
    High purity soybean phosphatidylcholine can be obtained in this method: first PE LPC SM, etc was separated from PC by silica column chromatography, then the product of silica column chromatography was treated by alumina column chromatogr-aphy, PI can be removed and product with 94.51% PC can be obtained. The yield of this process was 90.88%.
    The mobile phase of silica column chromatography: mixed solvent of petroleum ether (60~90℃), ethanol and water(l:l:0.175); the mobile phase of alumina column chromatography :95% ethanol.
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