遥感数据与化探数据融合及应用研究
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摘要
本论文在详细研究遥感数据与地球化学数据的特点以及异常信息提取方法的基础上,以内蒙古额仁陶勒盖研究区为例,利用数据融合技术来挖掘其中的综合找矿信息。
论文研究内容包括:数据融合的理论与方法;研究遥感数据与化探数据融合的信息提取基础;研究遥感数据异常信息提取的方法;研究化探数据元素组合异常分类的方法;研究遥感数据与化探数据融合的技术方法。
主要的研究成果:以内蒙古额仁陶勒盖研究区为例,利用特征主成分分析技术和比值处理的方法进行了遥感蚀变信息的提取研究,取得了较好的效果;利用多元统计分析中的谱系聚类分析和R型因子分析方法对与成矿有关的八种元素进行元素组合分类,所得到的元素组合是一致的;利用HIS变换和二维相关编码的数据融合方法,将遥感波谱数据提取的蚀变信息、与区域化探元素组合异常信息进行数据融合,融合结果与矿(化)点吻合较好,为优选靶区及成矿预测提供了科学依据。
With the national economy developed continuously and quickly,many multi-metal mineral resources face to the serious missing situation,which is not only restricted the development of economy,but also endangered the safety of national resources.Our country has already paid much attention about it. Mining exploring is more and more difficult with the mining exploring for a half century. Mine investigate in lie concealed, deeper and jumping-off district will be an important orientation of mining exploring. Therefore,it is necessary to look for a new method for information extracting. This become one of an important way to research the mining exploring by remote sensing、geology、geochemistry and so on.
Comprehensive application study in remote sensing and multi-geoscience information is revealing various ways and different scale from attribution and characteristic belong to the object. Remote sensing makes use of differences between electromagnetism radiation to recognize and distinguish object, which has its good facet but also has limitation. It is proved that work along with the geology the increment of difficulties, remote sensing must learn the information with geology, geochemistry, etc and is closely combined the comprehensive application with multi-geoscience information. In that way, we can know essence and its mutual contact of object indeed, acquire the satisfied geology application result.
As more and more information sources and styles, it is necessary to deeply study and analyze the information content that is complex and associated. In order to obtain more enough results than simplex fusion, the technique of data fusion is often used to deal with multi-variable data, which can effectively eliminate uncertain factors of data and improve the expression of object and environment and the veracity of result or explanation analysis. Geoscience special data put mlti-relativity and multidimensional enrich. Multi-relativity of geoscience special data put that special data of different subject specialty have a definite relative which is qualitative or quantitative, multi-relativity is a base of multi-geoscience special data fusion. Such as spectrum dimension variable of multi spectrum/spectral in remote sensing data、multi-element variable of geochemistry data and so on. Data fusion of multi-variable geoscience special data and the content of integrated information extract for method are keystones in field of globe system in recent.
The thesis is picked from“A study of fusion methods of remote sensing data and geochemical data”(CGS), extracted alteration information, classified the element combination of geochemical datum, and the fusion of remote sensing datum and geochemical datum in the research area of Erentaolegai in inner Mongolia. Major findings are as follows:
(1) Remote sensing alteration inforamtion extraction in the research area
Wallrock alteration is an important indication in the process of searching hydrothermal deposit. There is always growing alteration rock around the mine body, as mineral components and structure of alteration rock have changed, its spectral characteristics have obvious differences in the range of certain different wavelength. According to ferric and hydroxyl has been enhanced in the ETM+ remote sensing data, the paper extracts clay-alteration information by characteristic principal component and ferric-alteration information by ratio in the research area of Erentaolegai in inner Mongolia. It also classfies the extracting information which will instruct us to investigate resource and obtains satisfying effect.
(2) Element associations anomaly information of geochemical data extraction in the research area.
Traditional methods of processing geochemical data mostly adopt symbolic statistic to deal with single element anomaly information and ensure the area of reconnaissance. The shortcoming of these only aim at single element and consider data value as primary research object, also, they have deficiency and limitation. With the manner of association, geochemical data have brought forth space distributing law and symbiosis association mode of mineral in any geological condition. According to it, the paper utilizes cluster analysis and R factor analysis to classify element association of geochemical data. element association by pedigree picture of cluster analysis identifies with element association by orthogonal rotate factor load matrix of R factor analysis. It proves that classified result is scientific and accurate. The paper also visualizes the element association and can catch the vision of area of anomaly and background, the impression is obvious.
(3) Data fusion of remote sensing data and geochemical data
Image geochemical data and transforming scale are foundation of data fusion of remote sensing data and geochemical data. As geochemical data is vector format and remote sensing data is grid format, the paper uses appropriate interpolation algorithm to visualize geochemical data and transform it to grid image which identifies with remote sensing image. Base on remote sensing data, we switch geochemical data to it. The author makes use of HIS conversion and 2-dimension correlative coding to achieve feature level data fusion of remote sensing data and geochemical data and through differences of color to distinguish level of synthesis anomaly, it is also coincident with points of mineral. In conclusion, data fusion is one of an important method to search mineral by using remote sensing data and geochemical data.
论文研究内容包括:数据融合的理论与方法;研究遥感数据与化探数据融合的信息提取基础;研究遥感数据异常信息提取的方法;研究化探数据元素组合异常分类的方法;研究遥感数据与化探数据融合的技术方法。
主要的研究成果:以内蒙古额仁陶勒盖研究区为例,利用特征主成分分析技术和比值处理的方法进行了遥感蚀变信息的提取研究,取得了较好的效果;利用多元统计分析中的谱系聚类分析和R型因子分析方法对与成矿有关的八种元素进行元素组合分类,所得到的元素组合是一致的;利用HIS变换和二维相关编码的数据融合方法,将遥感波谱数据提取的蚀变信息、与区域化探元素组合异常信息进行数据融合,融合结果与矿(化)点吻合较好,为优选靶区及成矿预测提供了科学依据。
With the national economy developed continuously and quickly,many multi-metal mineral resources face to the serious missing situation,which is not only restricted the development of economy,but also endangered the safety of national resources.Our country has already paid much attention about it. Mining exploring is more and more difficult with the mining exploring for a half century. Mine investigate in lie concealed, deeper and jumping-off district will be an important orientation of mining exploring. Therefore,it is necessary to look for a new method for information extracting. This become one of an important way to research the mining exploring by remote sensing、geology、geochemistry and so on.
Comprehensive application study in remote sensing and multi-geoscience information is revealing various ways and different scale from attribution and characteristic belong to the object. Remote sensing makes use of differences between electromagnetism radiation to recognize and distinguish object, which has its good facet but also has limitation. It is proved that work along with the geology the increment of difficulties, remote sensing must learn the information with geology, geochemistry, etc and is closely combined the comprehensive application with multi-geoscience information. In that way, we can know essence and its mutual contact of object indeed, acquire the satisfied geology application result.
As more and more information sources and styles, it is necessary to deeply study and analyze the information content that is complex and associated. In order to obtain more enough results than simplex fusion, the technique of data fusion is often used to deal with multi-variable data, which can effectively eliminate uncertain factors of data and improve the expression of object and environment and the veracity of result or explanation analysis. Geoscience special data put mlti-relativity and multidimensional enrich. Multi-relativity of geoscience special data put that special data of different subject specialty have a definite relative which is qualitative or quantitative, multi-relativity is a base of multi-geoscience special data fusion. Such as spectrum dimension variable of multi spectrum/spectral in remote sensing data、multi-element variable of geochemistry data and so on. Data fusion of multi-variable geoscience special data and the content of integrated information extract for method are keystones in field of globe system in recent.
The thesis is picked from“A study of fusion methods of remote sensing data and geochemical data”(CGS), extracted alteration information, classified the element combination of geochemical datum, and the fusion of remote sensing datum and geochemical datum in the research area of Erentaolegai in inner Mongolia. Major findings are as follows:
(1) Remote sensing alteration inforamtion extraction in the research area
Wallrock alteration is an important indication in the process of searching hydrothermal deposit. There is always growing alteration rock around the mine body, as mineral components and structure of alteration rock have changed, its spectral characteristics have obvious differences in the range of certain different wavelength. According to ferric and hydroxyl has been enhanced in the ETM+ remote sensing data, the paper extracts clay-alteration information by characteristic principal component and ferric-alteration information by ratio in the research area of Erentaolegai in inner Mongolia. It also classfies the extracting information which will instruct us to investigate resource and obtains satisfying effect.
(2) Element associations anomaly information of geochemical data extraction in the research area.
Traditional methods of processing geochemical data mostly adopt symbolic statistic to deal with single element anomaly information and ensure the area of reconnaissance. The shortcoming of these only aim at single element and consider data value as primary research object, also, they have deficiency and limitation. With the manner of association, geochemical data have brought forth space distributing law and symbiosis association mode of mineral in any geological condition. According to it, the paper utilizes cluster analysis and R factor analysis to classify element association of geochemical data. element association by pedigree picture of cluster analysis identifies with element association by orthogonal rotate factor load matrix of R factor analysis. It proves that classified result is scientific and accurate. The paper also visualizes the element association and can catch the vision of area of anomaly and background, the impression is obvious.
(3) Data fusion of remote sensing data and geochemical data
Image geochemical data and transforming scale are foundation of data fusion of remote sensing data and geochemical data. As geochemical data is vector format and remote sensing data is grid format, the paper uses appropriate interpolation algorithm to visualize geochemical data and transform it to grid image which identifies with remote sensing image. Base on remote sensing data, we switch geochemical data to it. The author makes use of HIS conversion and 2-dimension correlative coding to achieve feature level data fusion of remote sensing data and geochemical data and through differences of color to distinguish level of synthesis anomaly, it is also coincident with points of mineral. In conclusion, data fusion is one of an important method to search mineral by using remote sensing data and geochemical data.
引文
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[3] 庄培仁等.提高断裂构造研究水平之我见.地质科技情报,1996,15(4):9-14.
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[5] 王润生等.地质勘查图像分析与综合.地质出版社,1999 年第 1 版,10-13.
[6] 杨自安等.化探与遥感信息在青海西兰地区找矿预测中的应用.地质与勘探,2003.6,39(6):42-45.
[7] 赵鹏大、李紫金、胡旺亮.矿床统计预测.北京: 地质出版社,1983,10-12.
[8] 康耀红.数据融合理论与应用.西安: 西安电子科技大学出版社, 1997,4-35.
[9] 薛重生、傅小林、王京明.遥感与地球物理数据的融合处理及地质应用.地质科技情报,1997,16(增刊):35-42.
[10] 吴德文、袁继明、张远飞、朱谷昌.遥感与化探数据融合处理技术方法及应用研究.国土资源遥感,2005,(3):44-48.
[11] 方洪宾、李志忠.遥感化探信息综合分析在地质找矿中的应用研究.国土资源遥感,1999,(4):33-36.
[12] 周军、陈明勇、高鹏、刘磊、李得成、田勤虎.新疆东准噶尔蚀变矿物填图及多元信息找矿.国土资源遥感,2005,(4):51-55.
[13] Towinn Taxt. Anne H. Schistad Solberg.Information fusion in remote sensing .Vistas in Astronomy.1997,41(3):337-342.
[14] Conradson K. N ilsson G..Application of Integrated Landsat, Geochemical and Geophysical Data in Mineral Exploration. P roc IntSymp on RS Environ 3rd Thematic Conf R Sfor Exporation Geology, Colorado Springs, Colorado 1984,23-27.
[15] Rokos D. Argialas D. Mavrantza R , et al . Structural analysis for gold mineralization using remote sensing and geochemical techniques in a GIS environment : island ofLesvos , Hellas. Nat ural Resources Research , 2000 , 9(4) :277 - 293.
[16] 杨自安.西部高寒山区遥感与化探信息综合找矿定位预测研究.中国地质大学博士学位论文, 2005、5.
[17] 潘军 多元地学空间数据融合及可视化研究.吉林大学博士学位论文, 2005、10.
[18] Ren C luo et al.Multisensor Integration and fusion for Intelligent Machines and Systems. North Carolina State University, Ables Publishing Corporation,1995,53-58.
[19] 罗森林、王越、周思永.多源信息处理技术——数据融合.系统工程与电子技术,1998,(6):61-65.
[20] 刘宴淼、余金生、李纯杰.基于图像处理技术的矿产预测综合分析系统,物化探计算技术,1994,16(1):22-28.
[21] Corbley K P.Canad applies new processing technology to “old” data in mining exploration project. Earth Observation ,1994,(5):34-36.
[22] PohlC. Genderen JL Van. Multisensor image fusion in remote sensing:concept,methods and applications, Internationl Journal of Remote Sensing.1998,19(5):823-854.
[23] Leckie DG.S.ynergsim of SAR and visible infrared data for forestty pediscrimination. Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote sensing, 1990,56(9):1237-1246.
[24] ChavezPSJr. SidesSC. AndersonJA, Comparison of three different method stomerge multiresolution and multispectral data:TM&SPOT pan. Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing,1991,57(3):295-303.
[25] 郁文贤等.多传感器信息融合技术评述.国防科技大学报,1994,16(3):1-11.
[26] 江东、王建华等.多源图像信息融合的理论与技术.甘肃科学学报,2002、1,14(1):41-45.
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