阜新市土地利用总体规划环境影响评价研究
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摘要
土地利用规划是对土地利用超前性的计划和安排,其编制是否合理关系到区域土地资源的可持续利用。对土地利用规划进行环境影响评价可以从源头上预防或减缓规划实施后对区域环境产生的不利影响。
本文在分析国内外规划环境影响评价研究现状和实践经验的基础上,对阜新市土地利用总体规划修编(2007-2020)产生的环境影响进行了系统的分析。结合阜新市作为资源枯竭城市和经济转型试点市的特点,从生态、自然、社会三大方面着手构建了评价指标体系,采用专家咨询和层次分析法相结合确定了指标权重,进而运用物元分析法和多级模糊模式识别理论对其进行了规划环境影响评价。两种方法的评价结论一致表明该规划总体对环境影响较小。但是,其中的基本农田保护率、土地利用程度和城镇化水平等单项指标稍低,人均公共绿地面积和水域面积率较低,规划实施过程中应注意从这几方面入手进一步改善阜新市的环境状况。
此外,本文还研究了阜新市现状年(2006)和规划期末(2020)的生态系统服务功能价值的变动情况,结果表明生态系统服务功能总价值由2006年的82.37×10~8元上升到2020年的91.84×10~8元,为阜新市土地利用总体规划环境影响评价提供了比较直观的定量分析结果。
Land use planning is to make advance plans and arrangements for land use and whether the drawing up of the land use planning is reasonable has something to do with the sustainable use of the regional land resources. Moreover, environmental impact assessment of land use planning can prevent or slow down the adverse influence on the regional environment produced by the implementation of planning from the source.
Based on summarizing and analyzing the study status and practical experience of environmental impact assessment at home and abroad, this article has made a systemic analysis on the environmental impact which is produced by the land use overall planning revision of Fuxin (2007-2020). Considering the characteristics that Fuxin is in a state of resources depletion and economies transition and setting about from the three aspects of ecology, nature and society, an environmental impact assessment index system is constructed. Then the index weights are determined by combining the methods of expert advice and AHP. Finally, the matter-element analysis method and the Multi-level fuzzy pattern recognition theory are used to carry out planning environmental impact assessment. The evaluation results of the two methods conformably indicate that the overall planning only has a very small impact on the environment of Fuxin. However, the individual index of the basic farmland protection ratio, the degree of land use, the level of urbanization and so on are slightly lower, and the per capital public green area and water area are also relatively low, so we should set about from these several aspects to further improve the environmental conditions of Fuxin in the process of implementing the planning.
In addition, this article has also studied the change situation of the ecosystem services value in Fuxin from the beginning of the planning (2006) to the end of the planning (2020). The results show that the total ecosystem services value has risen from 82.37×10~8 yuan in 2006 to 91.84×10~8 yuan in 2020, which has provided a visual and quantitative analysis results for the environmental impact assessment of Fuxin land use overall planning.
本文在分析国内外规划环境影响评价研究现状和实践经验的基础上,对阜新市土地利用总体规划修编(2007-2020)产生的环境影响进行了系统的分析。结合阜新市作为资源枯竭城市和经济转型试点市的特点,从生态、自然、社会三大方面着手构建了评价指标体系,采用专家咨询和层次分析法相结合确定了指标权重,进而运用物元分析法和多级模糊模式识别理论对其进行了规划环境影响评价。两种方法的评价结论一致表明该规划总体对环境影响较小。但是,其中的基本农田保护率、土地利用程度和城镇化水平等单项指标稍低,人均公共绿地面积和水域面积率较低,规划实施过程中应注意从这几方面入手进一步改善阜新市的环境状况。
此外,本文还研究了阜新市现状年(2006)和规划期末(2020)的生态系统服务功能价值的变动情况,结果表明生态系统服务功能总价值由2006年的82.37×10~8元上升到2020年的91.84×10~8元,为阜新市土地利用总体规划环境影响评价提供了比较直观的定量分析结果。
Land use planning is to make advance plans and arrangements for land use and whether the drawing up of the land use planning is reasonable has something to do with the sustainable use of the regional land resources. Moreover, environmental impact assessment of land use planning can prevent or slow down the adverse influence on the regional environment produced by the implementation of planning from the source.
Based on summarizing and analyzing the study status and practical experience of environmental impact assessment at home and abroad, this article has made a systemic analysis on the environmental impact which is produced by the land use overall planning revision of Fuxin (2007-2020). Considering the characteristics that Fuxin is in a state of resources depletion and economies transition and setting about from the three aspects of ecology, nature and society, an environmental impact assessment index system is constructed. Then the index weights are determined by combining the methods of expert advice and AHP. Finally, the matter-element analysis method and the Multi-level fuzzy pattern recognition theory are used to carry out planning environmental impact assessment. The evaluation results of the two methods conformably indicate that the overall planning only has a very small impact on the environment of Fuxin. However, the individual index of the basic farmland protection ratio, the degree of land use, the level of urbanization and so on are slightly lower, and the per capital public green area and water area are also relatively low, so we should set about from these several aspects to further improve the environmental conditions of Fuxin in the process of implementing the planning.
In addition, this article has also studied the change situation of the ecosystem services value in Fuxin from the beginning of the planning (2006) to the end of the planning (2020). The results show that the total ecosystem services value has risen from 82.37×10~8 yuan in 2006 to 91.84×10~8 yuan in 2020, which has provided a visual and quantitative analysis results for the environmental impact assessment of Fuxin land use overall planning.
引文
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[5]Therivel Riki.Systems of strategic environmental assessment[J].Environmental Impact Assessment Review,1993,13:145-168.
[6]尚金城,包存宽.战略环境评价导论[M].北京:科学出版社,2003.
[7]丁桑兰.环境影响评价概论[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2001.
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[9]鞠美庭,朱坦.对我国城市规划进行环境影响评价的必要性及其技术思路探讨[J].中国发展,2004(1):37-41.
[10]包存宽.战略环境影响评价与项目环境影响评价[J].环境导报,2000(6):4-6.
[11]李巍,王华东,王淑华.战略环境影响评价研究[J].环境科学进展,1995,3(3):1-5.
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[17]王玉梅,尚金城.日本战略环境评价的经验及对我国的启示[J].上海环境科学,2004, 23(5):45-50.
[18]李明光,龚辉,李志琴,游江峰.开展规划环境影响评价的若干问题探讨[J].环境保护, 2003,1.
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[20]李仕利,唐国滔.国内外土地利用规划环境影响评价概述[J].国土资源,2008(2):6-7.
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[22]梁学功,刘娟.中国实施规划环评可能出现的问题及其解决方法[J].环境科学,2004, 25(6):163-166.
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[24]HJ/T130—2003,规划环境影响评价技术导则(试行)中华人民共和国环境保护行业标准[S].
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[37]王应明.关于层次分析法中权的最小平方法的理论证明[J].系统工程理论与实践,1995,15(1):3-8.
[38]王鹏.基于互补判断矩阵权最小平方法的层次分析法[J].系统工程与电子技术,2004(5).
[39]Peter Morris,Riki Therivel.Methods of Enviromental Impact Assessment.2nd edition. London and New Yo7k Spon Press,Taylor & Francis Group,2001.
[40]梁琨.土地利用总体规划环境影响评价研究[D].吉林大学硕士学位论文,2007.
[41]余振国.土地利用规划环境影响评价及其经济学分析[D].浙江大学博士学位论文,2005,l-23.
[42]陈光建.土地利用总体规划环境影响评价指标体系研究[D].中国科学院研究生院博士学位论文,2006.
[43]Kathen Geol.a proposal for the strategic assessment of environmental impacts within developing countries.Energy and Environment,1997,8(2):115-131.
[44]陈汝栋,于延荣.数学模型与数学建模[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2006.
[45]高军省.基于物元理论的水环境质量综合评价方法及其应用[J].水科学研究,2007,1(1):20-26.
[46]蔡文,物元模型及其应用[M].北京:科学技术文献出版社,1994:21-275.
[47]张小虎.土地利用规划环境影响评价问题研究[D].东北农业大学硕士学位论文,2007.
[48]郑映雪.城市绿地系统规划评价初探—以无锡市为例[D].南京林业大学硕士学位论文,2007.
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