宽幅连续箱梁桥车耦合振动分析
|
摘要
最近几十年来,随着桥梁结构逐渐的轻柔化、车辆速度和载重的不断增大,车桥耦合振动问题愈加突出。由于公路桥梁结构型式的多样化和汽车荷载的复杂性及不确定性,使得公路桥梁因车辆过桥而引起的耦合振动分析更加复杂。
目前国内、外已有车桥耦合振动研究成果基本上都集中在铁路等轨道交通桥梁上,关于公路桥梁车桥耦合振动分析理论与方法研究的文献很少,而且研究的对象大多为简单窄梁桥,复杂结构体系如宽幅梁桥较少。随着有限元技术的广泛应用和大型结构分析软件的大量涌现,为研究这种空间受力特征明显的宽幅桥梁提供了一个有利的工具,而采用有限元法对宽幅桥梁结构进行车桥耦合振动分析,具有重要的理论和实际意义。
本文在收集、整理有关车桥耦合振动分析资料的基础上,总结讨论了车桥耦合振动分析的基本理论；同时,论述了桥面不平度的特性,并按照GB/T7031-1986利用Matlab编制程求解出了不同路面等级(A、B、C级)的不平度样本值；然后重点论述了研究车桥耦合振动的一种数值分析方法,推导了相应的车辆振动方程,采用Matlab编制了车辆振动方程的求解程序并加以验证,同时通过算例对基于ANSYS和Matlab的车桥耦合振动分析迭代方法进行了验证。按照此方法,以某宽幅连续箱梁桥为例,研究了宽幅连续箱梁桥的车桥耦合振动性能及其影响因素。分析了车辆行驶方式、桥面不平度、横向车道数目和车辆中偏载行驶等因素对桥梁动力响应的影响。从而对宽幅连续箱梁桥的车桥系统耦合振动分析提供一定的科学依据。
With the rapid development of traffic system, the speed and the weight of vehicles are significantly increasing, while bridges are becoming larger, lighter and more flexible. As a result, the vehicle-ridge interaction(VBI) cannot be ignored any longer. The dynamic effects of highway bridges, like vehicle-induced-vibrations become more complex, due to the diversities of structure styles of highway bridges and complexities of vehicle loads.
The vehicle-bridge interaction(VBI) has been investigated for decades. However, most of the academic achievements regarding to VBI are about the railway bridges. In terms of highway bridges, there are only some progresses which only refer to the narrow bridges, like the narrowed simply supported girder bridge or the narrowed continuous beam bridge. There are still many aspects regarding wide deck bridges which are unknown. The study on the vehicle-induced-vibrations of wide deck bridges has very important academic significance and practical value.
Firstly, this paper summarises the basic theory regarding to the coupling vibrations of vehicle and bridges. Then, the random road surface roughness is explained detailedly in this paper and simulated in Matlab according to the GB/T7031-1986. In the meanwhile, the methods of numerical analysis for the VBI are investigated, and the vibration equations for vehicle are deduced. Moreover, a program is coded in Matlab with Wilson'sθmethod, in order to solve dynamic equations of vehicle, and is proved to be accurate. Also, the numerical analysis method of investigating the VBI is proved to be right through a concrete example. Finally, the vehicle-induced-vibrations of a wide continuous box-girder bridge, which is located in Xi'An, are investigated by this method. In this research, the effects of the driving way of vehicle, the random road surface roughness and the numbers of traffic lane, etc. on dynamic responses of the wide continuous box-girder bridge are studied.
目前国内、外已有车桥耦合振动研究成果基本上都集中在铁路等轨道交通桥梁上,关于公路桥梁车桥耦合振动分析理论与方法研究的文献很少,而且研究的对象大多为简单窄梁桥,复杂结构体系如宽幅梁桥较少。随着有限元技术的广泛应用和大型结构分析软件的大量涌现,为研究这种空间受力特征明显的宽幅桥梁提供了一个有利的工具,而采用有限元法对宽幅桥梁结构进行车桥耦合振动分析,具有重要的理论和实际意义。
本文在收集、整理有关车桥耦合振动分析资料的基础上,总结讨论了车桥耦合振动分析的基本理论；同时,论述了桥面不平度的特性,并按照GB/T7031-1986利用Matlab编制程求解出了不同路面等级(A、B、C级)的不平度样本值；然后重点论述了研究车桥耦合振动的一种数值分析方法,推导了相应的车辆振动方程,采用Matlab编制了车辆振动方程的求解程序并加以验证,同时通过算例对基于ANSYS和Matlab的车桥耦合振动分析迭代方法进行了验证。按照此方法,以某宽幅连续箱梁桥为例,研究了宽幅连续箱梁桥的车桥耦合振动性能及其影响因素。分析了车辆行驶方式、桥面不平度、横向车道数目和车辆中偏载行驶等因素对桥梁动力响应的影响。从而对宽幅连续箱梁桥的车桥系统耦合振动分析提供一定的科学依据。
With the rapid development of traffic system, the speed and the weight of vehicles are significantly increasing, while bridges are becoming larger, lighter and more flexible. As a result, the vehicle-ridge interaction(VBI) cannot be ignored any longer. The dynamic effects of highway bridges, like vehicle-induced-vibrations become more complex, due to the diversities of structure styles of highway bridges and complexities of vehicle loads.
The vehicle-bridge interaction(VBI) has been investigated for decades. However, most of the academic achievements regarding to VBI are about the railway bridges. In terms of highway bridges, there are only some progresses which only refer to the narrow bridges, like the narrowed simply supported girder bridge or the narrowed continuous beam bridge. There are still many aspects regarding wide deck bridges which are unknown. The study on the vehicle-induced-vibrations of wide deck bridges has very important academic significance and practical value.
Firstly, this paper summarises the basic theory regarding to the coupling vibrations of vehicle and bridges. Then, the random road surface roughness is explained detailedly in this paper and simulated in Matlab according to the GB/T7031-1986. In the meanwhile, the methods of numerical analysis for the VBI are investigated, and the vibration equations for vehicle are deduced. Moreover, a program is coded in Matlab with Wilson'sθmethod, in order to solve dynamic equations of vehicle, and is proved to be accurate. Also, the numerical analysis method of investigating the VBI is proved to be right through a concrete example. Finally, the vehicle-induced-vibrations of a wide continuous box-girder bridge, which is located in Xi'An, are investigated by this method. In this research, the effects of the driving way of vehicle, the random road surface roughness and the numbers of traffic lane, etc. on dynamic responses of the wide continuous box-girder bridge are studied.
引文
[1]陈彦江,张春秋,张春鹏.公路桥梁车辆荷载的动力作用(J1.工程力学(增刊),1987.
[2]王永平,陈彦江,付金科.单车荷载下简直梁的动力特性和响应的试验研究[J].土木工程学报,1995,28(5)：39～46.
[3]刘宏伟,宽体板拱桥空间应力影响面加载程序开发研究[D].重庆交通大学硕士论文
[4]王雷,宽体板拱桥空间受力及病害分析[D].重庆交通大学硕士论文
[5]Willis R. The Effect Produced by Causing Weights to Travel Over Elastic Bars, Appendixto the Report of the Commissioners Appointed to Inquire into the Application of Iron to Railway Structures[M]. H. M. Stationary office, London,1949,73—79
[6]Stokes G G. Discussions of a Differential Equation Related to the Breaking of Railway Bridges[J]. Trans, Cambridge Phil. Soc. V 8. Part5,1 896:12-16
[7]Hwang E S. Newak A S. Simulation of dynamic load for bridges. JStruct Engg, ASCE, 1991; 117(5):1413-1434
[8]Wang Tonh, Huang Dongzhou. Cable-stayed bridge vibration due to reed surface roughness. J Struct Engrg, ASCE,1992; 118(5):1354-1374
[9]Yang Yeongbin, Lin B H. Vehicle-bridge interaction analysis by dynamic condensation method. J Struct Engrg, ASCE,1995; 121(11):1636-1643
[10]Yang Yeongbin, Yao Jongd81". Vehicle-bridge interaction element for dynamic analysis, J struct Engrg, ASCE,1997; 123(11):1512-1518
[11]Tan GH. Brameld G H. Development of an analytical modd for treating bridge-vehicle interaction. Engineering Structures,1998; 20(1-2):54-61
[12]谭国辉.车辆与桥梁相互作用的系统模拟.土木工程学报,1996；29(3)：34-41
[13]Xu YL, Guo W H. Dynamic analysis of coupled road vehicle and Cable-stayed bridge systems under turbulent wind. Engineering Structures,2003; 23:473—486
[14]周新平.基于有限元的弯桥车桥耦合振动分析方法[D].长安大学硕士论文
[15]陈榕峰.公路桥梁车桥耦合主要影响因素仿真分析方法研究[D].长安大学硕士论文
[16]宋一凡,陈榕峰.基于路面不平整度的车辆振动响应分析方法[J].交通运输工程学报,2007,7(4)：39-43
[17]王亚垄.大跨度自锚式悬索桥车桥耦合振动数值分析[D].长安大学硕士论文,2008
[18]蒋培文.基于ANSYS的高墩大跨连续刚构桥车桥耦合振动有限元数值分析方法[D]. 长安大学硕士论文,2009
[19]吴定俊.提速状态下车桥耦合振动理论与桥梁横向动力性能的研究[D].上海：同济大学博士学位论文2005
[20]A.N.Krylov. Mathematical collection of papers of the academy of sciences [J] St. Petersburg, Russia,1905, Vol.61
[21]Timoshenko S, P. On the forced vibration of bridges [J].PhilosoPh.Magazine,1922, Ser, 6,431018
[22]陈英俊.车辆荷载下桥梁振动理论的演进[J].桥梁建设,1975,2：21—36.
[23]Inglis C.E. A Mathematical Treatise on Vibration in Railway Bridges [M]. The University Press, Cambridge,1934
[24]Biggs J. M. Introduction to Structural Dynamics[M]. McGraw-Hill Book Co, New York,1964
[25]李国豪,桥梁结构稳定与振动(M].北京：中国铁道出版社,2003
[26]Cantieni R. Dynamic Load Testing of Highway Bridges [R].IABSE Proceedings, P-75/84 ZUrieh, August,1984
[27]BiggsJ.M., SuerH.S., Louw J.M.Vibration of single span highway bridges [J]. Trans., ASCE,1956,124:291-318
[28]赵永刚.基于车桥耦合振动的斜拉桥动力性能分析[D],哈尔滨工业大学,
[29]夏禾.车辆与结构动力相互作用[M].北京：科学出版社,2002.
[30]闰永伦,周建廷.关于我国现行公路桥涵设计通用规范”冲击系数”规定的几点探讨[J]公路2003,NO.6：14—15
[31]宋一凡,公路桥梁动力学[M].北京：人民交通出版社,2000
[32]邓学钧,孙璐.车辆一地面结构系统动力学.人民交通出版社,2000.
[33]靳晓雄,张立军等编著.汽车振动分析.上海：同济大学出版社,2002
[34]刘建民.随机过程.西北大学出版社,2004.
[35]王元丰,王颖,王东军.铁路轨道不平顺模拟的一种新方法[J].铁道学报,1997,19(6)110-115
[36]星谷胜,常保琦.随机振动分析[M].北京：地质出版社,1977.42—62.
[37]桂水荣.陈水生.唐志军基于Fourier逆变换法的桥面不平度模拟及测试分析[期刊论文]-公路工程2007(6)
[38]刘献栋.邓志党等.公路路面不平度的数值模拟方法研究[J].北京航空航天大学学 报,2003,9(9)：843-846
[39]GB/T 7031-1986,《车辆振动输入路面平度表示方法》[S].
[40]倪振华.振动力学[M].西安交通大学出版社,1989
[41]陈玲莉.工程结构动力分析数值方法[M].西安：西安交通大学出版社,2006
[42]林家浩.曲乃泗,孙焕纯.计算结构动力学[M].北京：高等教育出版社,1989
[43]肖新标.沈火明.3种车桥耦合振动分析模型的比较研究.[J].西南交通大学学报,2004，4(2)：172-175
[2]王永平,陈彦江,付金科.单车荷载下简直梁的动力特性和响应的试验研究[J].土木工程学报,1995,28(5)：39～46.
[3]刘宏伟,宽体板拱桥空间应力影响面加载程序开发研究[D].重庆交通大学硕士论文
[4]王雷,宽体板拱桥空间受力及病害分析[D].重庆交通大学硕士论文
[5]Willis R. The Effect Produced by Causing Weights to Travel Over Elastic Bars, Appendixto the Report of the Commissioners Appointed to Inquire into the Application of Iron to Railway Structures[M]. H. M. Stationary office, London,1949,73—79
[6]Stokes G G. Discussions of a Differential Equation Related to the Breaking of Railway Bridges[J]. Trans, Cambridge Phil. Soc. V 8. Part5,1 896:12-16
[7]Hwang E S. Newak A S. Simulation of dynamic load for bridges. JStruct Engg, ASCE, 1991; 117(5):1413-1434
[8]Wang Tonh, Huang Dongzhou. Cable-stayed bridge vibration due to reed surface roughness. J Struct Engrg, ASCE,1992; 118(5):1354-1374
[9]Yang Yeongbin, Lin B H. Vehicle-bridge interaction analysis by dynamic condensation method. J Struct Engrg, ASCE,1995; 121(11):1636-1643
[10]Yang Yeongbin, Yao Jongd81". Vehicle-bridge interaction element for dynamic analysis, J struct Engrg, ASCE,1997; 123(11):1512-1518
[11]Tan GH. Brameld G H. Development of an analytical modd for treating bridge-vehicle interaction. Engineering Structures,1998; 20(1-2):54-61
[12]谭国辉.车辆与桥梁相互作用的系统模拟.土木工程学报,1996；29(3)：34-41
[13]Xu YL, Guo W H. Dynamic analysis of coupled road vehicle and Cable-stayed bridge systems under turbulent wind. Engineering Structures,2003; 23:473—486
[14]周新平.基于有限元的弯桥车桥耦合振动分析方法[D].长安大学硕士论文
[15]陈榕峰.公路桥梁车桥耦合主要影响因素仿真分析方法研究[D].长安大学硕士论文
[16]宋一凡,陈榕峰.基于路面不平整度的车辆振动响应分析方法[J].交通运输工程学报,2007,7(4)：39-43
[17]王亚垄.大跨度自锚式悬索桥车桥耦合振动数值分析[D].长安大学硕士论文,2008
[18]蒋培文.基于ANSYS的高墩大跨连续刚构桥车桥耦合振动有限元数值分析方法[D]. 长安大学硕士论文,2009
[19]吴定俊.提速状态下车桥耦合振动理论与桥梁横向动力性能的研究[D].上海：同济大学博士学位论文2005
[20]A.N.Krylov. Mathematical collection of papers of the academy of sciences [J] St. Petersburg, Russia,1905, Vol.61
[21]Timoshenko S, P. On the forced vibration of bridges [J].PhilosoPh.Magazine,1922, Ser, 6,431018
[22]陈英俊.车辆荷载下桥梁振动理论的演进[J].桥梁建设,1975,2：21—36.
[23]Inglis C.E. A Mathematical Treatise on Vibration in Railway Bridges [M]. The University Press, Cambridge,1934
[24]Biggs J. M. Introduction to Structural Dynamics[M]. McGraw-Hill Book Co, New York,1964
[25]李国豪,桥梁结构稳定与振动(M].北京：中国铁道出版社,2003
[26]Cantieni R. Dynamic Load Testing of Highway Bridges [R].IABSE Proceedings, P-75/84 ZUrieh, August,1984
[27]BiggsJ.M., SuerH.S., Louw J.M.Vibration of single span highway bridges [J]. Trans., ASCE,1956,124:291-318
[28]赵永刚.基于车桥耦合振动的斜拉桥动力性能分析[D],哈尔滨工业大学,
[29]夏禾.车辆与结构动力相互作用[M].北京：科学出版社,2002.
[30]闰永伦,周建廷.关于我国现行公路桥涵设计通用规范”冲击系数”规定的几点探讨[J]公路2003,NO.6：14—15
[31]宋一凡,公路桥梁动力学[M].北京：人民交通出版社,2000
[32]邓学钧,孙璐.车辆一地面结构系统动力学.人民交通出版社,2000.
[33]靳晓雄,张立军等编著.汽车振动分析.上海：同济大学出版社,2002
[34]刘建民.随机过程.西北大学出版社,2004.
[35]王元丰,王颖,王东军.铁路轨道不平顺模拟的一种新方法[J].铁道学报,1997,19(6)110-115
[36]星谷胜,常保琦.随机振动分析[M].北京：地质出版社,1977.42—62.
[37]桂水荣.陈水生.唐志军基于Fourier逆变换法的桥面不平度模拟及测试分析[期刊论文]-公路工程2007(6)
[38]刘献栋.邓志党等.公路路面不平度的数值模拟方法研究[J].北京航空航天大学学 报,2003,9(9)：843-846
[39]GB/T 7031-1986,《车辆振动输入路面平度表示方法》[S].
[40]倪振华.振动力学[M].西安交通大学出版社,1989
[41]陈玲莉.工程结构动力分析数值方法[M].西安：西安交通大学出版社,2006
[42]林家浩.曲乃泗,孙焕纯.计算结构动力学[M].北京：高等教育出版社,1989
[43]肖新标.沈火明.3种车桥耦合振动分析模型的比较研究.[J].西南交通大学学报,2004，4(2)：172-175