“三权分置”改革背景下我国农村土地流转现状及其影响因素研究
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摘要
农地产权制度改革,特别是"三权分置"改革促进了我国农村土地流转。我国农村土地流转规模逐年增加,流转形式既有转包、租赁等传统形式,也有股份合作、土地信托等现代形式。农村土地流转多用于粮食作物种植,最主要的流转去向是个体农户,但所占比重逐年下降,流向专业合作社和农业企业等新型农业经营主体的比重正逐年增加。我国农村土地流转存在流转合同不规范、流转市场不健全、农户土地流转意识不强、土地流转监管不力等问题。我国农村土地流转的主要影响因素包括农村劳动力转移及劳动力年龄结构,土地产权制度,土地流转市场及农村社会保障制度,农户的土地供求意愿,以及农户资金实力和科技水平等。
The reform of the property rights institution of rural land,especially the reform of"Three Rights Separation",has promoted rural land transfer in China. The scale of rural land transfer in China has increased year by year. The form of land transfer includes traditional forms such as subcontracting and leasing,as well as modern forms such as shareholding cooperation and land trust. Rural land tenancy is mostly used for the cultivation of food crops. The most important transfers are individual farmers,but the proportion is decreasing yearly. The proportion of new types of agricultural businesses such as professional cooperatives and agricultural enterprises are increasing year by year. The Chinese rural land transfer has many problems such as non-standard tenancy contract,unsound rural land transfer market,farmer's weak awareness of land transfer,and weak supervision of rural land transfer. The main influencing factors of rural land transfer in China include the age structure of rural labor and labor transfer,land property rights institution,rural land transfer market and rural social security system,farmers' willingness to supply and demand,the financial strength of farmers and technology level.
The reform of the property rights institution of rural land,especially the reform of"Three Rights Separation",has promoted rural land transfer in China. The scale of rural land transfer in China has increased year by year. The form of land transfer includes traditional forms such as subcontracting and leasing,as well as modern forms such as shareholding cooperation and land trust. Rural land tenancy is mostly used for the cultivation of food crops. The most important transfers are individual farmers,but the proportion is decreasing yearly. The proportion of new types of agricultural businesses such as professional cooperatives and agricultural enterprises are increasing year by year. The Chinese rural land transfer has many problems such as non-standard tenancy contract,unsound rural land transfer market,farmer's weak awareness of land transfer,and weak supervision of rural land transfer. The main influencing factors of rural land transfer in China include the age structure of rural labor and labor transfer,land property rights institution,rural land transfer market and rural social security system,farmers' willingness to supply and demand,the financial strength of farmers and technology level.
引文
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[22]冒佩华,徐骥.农地制度、土地经营权流转与农民收入增长[J].管理世界,2015(5):63-74+88.
[23]陈杰,苏群.土地流转、土地生产率与规模经营[J].农业技术经济,2017(1):28-36.
[2]Wegren S K. Rural land privatization in Russia[J].Economic Systems,2002,26(2):175-178.
[3]孙瑞玲.农村土地流转机制的创新研究:在农村土地流转现状调查基础上的思考[J].农业经济,2008(2):47-48.
[4]卢泽羽,陈晓萍.中国农村土地流转现状、问题及对策[J].新疆师范大学学报:哲学社会科学版,2015,36(1034):114-119.
[5] Patricia Joséde Almeida,Ant nio Márcio Buainain.Land leasing and sharecropping in Brazil:Determinants,modus operandi and future perspectives[J]. Land Use Policy,2016,52:206-220.
[6]宋宜农.新型城镇化背景下我国农村土地流转问题研究[J].经济问题,2017(2):63-67.
[7]Duke J M,Mari2 OváE,BandlerováA,et al. Price repression in the Slovak agricultural land market[J]. Land Use Policy,2004,21(1):59-69.
[8]郭炜,丁延武.深化农村土地产权制度改革的困境突破与路径选择[J].经济体制改革,2015(4):84-89.
[9]罗必良,汪沙,李尚蒲.交易费用、农户认知与农地流转:来自广东省的农户问卷调查[J].农业技术经济,2012(1):11-21.
[10]裴艳,许媛婵.交易平台的构建与农村土地流转:基于交易费用理论的制度分析[J].农场经济管理,2014(3):43-46.
[11]谢冬水.劳动力迁移、农地制度与土地使用权流转[J].经济与管理研究,2012(3):59-64.
[12]Deininger K,Jin S. The potential of land rental markets in the process of economic development:Evidence from China[J]. Journal of Development Economics,2005,78(1):241-270.
[13]钟文晶,罗必良.禀赋效应、产权强度与农地流转抑制:基于广东省的实证分析[J].农业经济问题,2013,34(3):6-16+110.
[14]李昊,李世平,南灵.中国农户土地流转意愿影响因素:基于29篇文献的Meta分析[J].农业技术经济,2017(7):78-93.
[15]张红宇.中国农地调整与使用权流转:几点评论[J].管理世界,2002(5):76-87.
[16]韦燕飞.新型城镇化进程中农村土地流转问题研究[J].农业经济,2016(5):94-96
[17]魏红艳.农村土地流转的问题与对策分析[J].吉林农业,2018(20):39.
[18]唐丙元.乡村振兴战略视阈下河北省农村土地流转问题研究[J].经济论坛,2018(9):5-8+153.
[19]Zhang Q F,Donaldson J A. From Peasants to Farmers:Peasant Differentiation,Labor Regimes and Land-rights Institutions in China’s Agrarian Transition[M]//Politics and Society. 2010.
[20]The Rise of Agrarian Capitalism with Chinese Characteristics:Agricultural Modernization,Agribusiness and Collective Land Rights[J]. China Journal, 2008, 60(60):25-47.
[21]刘俊杰,张龙耀,王梦珺,许玉韫.农村土地产权制度改革对农民收入的影响:来自山东枣庄的初步证据[J].农业经济问题,2015,36(6):51-58+111.
[22]冒佩华,徐骥.农地制度、土地经营权流转与农民收入增长[J].管理世界,2015(5):63-74+88.
[23]陈杰,苏群.土地流转、土地生产率与规模经营[J].农业技术经济,2017(1):28-36.