熵权模糊物元模型在土地生态安全动态评价中的应用
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摘要
土地生态安全的影响层面广,受到国家高度重视,科学的生态安全评价方法对于评价结果的准确性和正确性尤为重要。应用熵权模糊物元分析法对皖江地区土地生态安全进行评价。结果发现:近年来皖江各市的土地生态安全等级逐渐上升,至2015年基本都处于向"理想安全"级别转化的状态,但还只是一种正在转化的状态,具有不稳定性,生态安全问题绝不能因此而忽视。对皖江地区土地生态安全影响的限制性因子主要为单位面积耕地化肥负荷、单位面积耕地农药负荷、土地自然受灾受害面积以及工业废气处理率,而具体到各个市以及各个年份表现却有一定的差别。但总体看,各市影响因子数量在减少。因此,通过熵权模糊物元模型可以客观反映制约土地生态安全健康发展的障碍因子,能对生态安全进行相对准确的动态评价,但评价指标的选择对区域生态安全评价结果具有一定的影响。
The impact level of land ecological security is extensive,which is highly valued by the state.The scientific evaluation methods of ecological safety are extremely important for the accuracy and correctness of the evaluation results.Entropy weight matter element analysis method was used to study land ecological security of Wanjiang area.The results showed that: the city's land ecological security level had gradually increased in recent years,basically in the transformation to "ideal security"to 2015.Such transformation was unstable.Thus the ecological security could never be ignored. The limiting factors affecting land ecological safety of Wanjiang area mainly included fertilizer load per unit arable land,pesticide load per unit arable land,natural disaster area and industrial waste gas treatment rate.There were some differences among those factors varies in different countries and years.But in general,the number of influencing factors in each city was decreasing.Therefore,entropy weight fuzzy matter-element model can objectively reflect the obstacle factors restricting the healthy development of land ecological security,and can make relatively accurate dynamic assessment of ecological safety.However,the selection of evaluation indicators has a certain impact on regional ecological security evaluation.
The impact level of land ecological security is extensive,which is highly valued by the state.The scientific evaluation methods of ecological safety are extremely important for the accuracy and correctness of the evaluation results.Entropy weight matter element analysis method was used to study land ecological security of Wanjiang area.The results showed that: the city's land ecological security level had gradually increased in recent years,basically in the transformation to "ideal security"to 2015.Such transformation was unstable.Thus the ecological security could never be ignored. The limiting factors affecting land ecological safety of Wanjiang area mainly included fertilizer load per unit arable land,pesticide load per unit arable land,natural disaster area and industrial waste gas treatment rate.There were some differences among those factors varies in different countries and years.But in general,the number of influencing factors in each city was decreasing.Therefore,entropy weight fuzzy matter-element model can objectively reflect the obstacle factors restricting the healthy development of land ecological security,and can make relatively accurate dynamic assessment of ecological safety.However,the selection of evaluation indicators has a certain impact on regional ecological security evaluation.
引文
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[2] RAPPORT D J.Ecosystems not optimized:A reply[J].Journal of aquatic ecosystem health,1993,2(1):57.
[3] BROWN L R.Brown.Building a society of sustainable development[M].Beijing:Scientific and Technological Literature Press,1984.
[4] World Environment and Development Commissions.Our corrnnon fiuture[M].Changchun:Jilin People Press,1997.
[5] IIASA.Ecology,politics and society[J].Report geography,1993,125(2):1-10.
[6] 方创琳.西北干旱区生态安全系统结构与功能的监控思路初论[J].中国沙漠,2000,20(3):326-328.
[7] HODSON M,MARVIN S.‘Urban ecological security’:A new urban paradigm?[J].International journal of urban & regional research,2009,33(1):193-215.
[8] BOMMARCO R,KLEIJN D,POTTS S G.Ecological intensification:Harnessing ecosystem services for food security[J].Trends in ecology & evolution,2013,28(4):230-238.
[9] 张雪.哈尔滨市土地生态安全评价研究[D].哈尔滨:东北农业大学,2016.
[10] KARASOV C.On a different scale:Putting China's environmental crisis in perspective[J].Environmental health perspectives,2000,108(10):452-459.
[11] 李玲.河南省土地生态安全评价[D].哈尔滨:东北农业大学,2014.
[12] 余敦,高群,欧阳龙华.鄱阳湖生态经济区土地生态安全警情研究[J].长江流域资源与环境,2012,21(6):678-683.
[13] 谢花林.基于GIS的典型农牧交错区土地利用生态安全评价[J].生态学杂志,2008,27(1):135-139.
[14] 程淑杰,王重玲,王婷,等.基于GIS的宁夏中部干旱带土地利用生态安全动态评价[J].水土保持研究,2017,24(4):342-348.
[15] 黄木易,何翔.基于云模型与熵权法的安徽省土地生态安全评价研究[J].土壤,2016,48(5):1049-1054.
[16] 黄鹏,郭闽,兰思仁.福建省土地生态安全AHP法和熵值法动态评价比较[J].沈阳农业大学学报(社会科学版),2015,17(3):337-341.
[17]张洪,王安琦,宋贝扬.基于OWA的大理市土地生态安全评价研究[J].地理科学,2017,37(11):1778-1784.
[18]杨晓玲.庄浪县土地生态安全评价研究[D].兰州:甘肃农业大学,2013.
[19] 付伟章,曲衍波,齐伟,等.东部小城镇土地生态安全评价方法及应用:以山东省大汶口镇为例[J].农业现代化研究,2006,27(3):202-205.
[20] 刘庆,陈利根,舒帮荣,等.长株潭城市群土地生态安全动态评价研究[J].长江流域资源与环境,2010,19(10):1192-1197.
[21] 荣慧芳,张乐勤,严超.基于熵权物元模型的皖江城市带土地生态安全评价[J].水土保持研究,2015,22(3):230-235.
[22] 李玲,侯淑涛,赵悦,等.基于P-S-R模型的河南省土地生态安全评价及预测[J].水土保持研究,2014,21(1):188-192.
[23] 王鹏,况福民,邓育武,等.基于主成分分析的衡阳市土地生态安全评价[J].经济地理,2015,35(1):168-172.
[24] 王丽霞,邹长新,王燕,等.基于GIS识别生态保护红线边界的方法:以北京市昌平区为例[J].生态学报,2017,37(18):6176-6185.
[25] 余健,房莉,仓定帮,等.熵权模糊物元模型在土地生态安全评价中的应用[J].农业工程学报,2012,28(5):260-266.
[26] 李恩宽,梁川.基于熵权的物元分析法在水环境质量评价中的应用[J].云南水力发电,2005,21(4):6-7.
[27] 余立斌.基于熵权的物元分析法在底泥污染评价中的应用[J].环境研究与监测,2017,30(3):52-55.
[28] 曹静茹,王楠楠,秦浩.基于熵权的模糊物元构建公路轴辐式网络:以安徽省为例[J].物流工程与管理,2017,39(4):87-90.
[29] 陈维鹏,敖志刚,屠义强,等.基于熵权模糊物元分析法的导弹阵地指挥系统生存能力评估分析[J].兵器装备工程学报,2016,37(5):89-92.
[30] 蔡文.物元模型及其应用[M].北京:科学技术文献出版社,1994.
[31] 涂小松,濮励杰,朱明.基于可拓学和协调性分析的区域土地综合质量评价[J].农业工程学报,2008,24(11):57-62.
[32] 黄辉玲,罗文斌,吴次芳,等.基于物元分析的土地生态安全评价[J].农业工程学报,2010,26(3):316-322.
[33] 刘雯波,郑华伟,刘友兆.基于物元模型的苏南地区土地生态安全评价[J].水土保持通报,2013,33(6):175-180.
[34] 李秀霞,张希.基于熵权法的城市化进程中土地生态安全研究[J].干旱区资源与环境,2011,25(9):13-17.
[35] 马红莉,盖艾鸿.基于熵权物元模型的青海省土地生态安全评价[J].中国农学通报,2014,30(2):208-214.