日本深海稀土研究开发最新动态及启示
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摘要
稀土是重要的可耗竭资源,有着"工业黄金"和"现代工业的维生素"之称,被世界各国视为战略性资源。日本是稀土消耗大国,同时也是稀土进口大国。多年来日本一方面致力于储存稀土资源,另一方面大力开展深海稀土资源的勘探和开发研究,引发越来越广泛的世界关注。面对新兴的深海稀土资源产业发展,我国应在发展科研技术研究及装备能力的基础上加快研究步伐,开展深海沉积物开发的关键技术、工程装备、制度建设等研究,构建中国深海领域话语权。
Rare-earth is an important exhaustible resource and known as ‘industrial gold' and ‘vitamin of modern industry', so it is regarded as a strategic resource by all over the world. Japan is a major consumption country and exporting country of rare-earth. For many years, Japan has been devoted to store rare-earth resources, and on the other hand, it has energetically developed exploration and development of deep-sea rare-earth resources, which has attracted more and more worldwide attention. Facing the development of the newly emerging deep-sea rareearth resources industry, China should speed up the pace of research on the basis of developing scientific research technology and equipment capacity; carry out research on the key technologies, engineering equipment and system construction of deep-sea sediments development; and build the discourse right of China's deep-sea field.
Rare-earth is an important exhaustible resource and known as ‘industrial gold' and ‘vitamin of modern industry', so it is regarded as a strategic resource by all over the world. Japan is a major consumption country and exporting country of rare-earth. For many years, Japan has been devoted to store rare-earth resources, and on the other hand, it has energetically developed exploration and development of deep-sea rare-earth resources, which has attracted more and more worldwide attention. Facing the development of the newly emerging deep-sea rareearth resources industry, China should speed up the pace of research on the basis of developing scientific research technology and equipment capacity; carry out research on the key technologies, engineering equipment and system construction of deep-sea sediments development; and build the discourse right of China's deep-sea field.
引文
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[20]曾宝平.日本将首次从印度进口稀土以降低对中国依赖[J].西部资源,2014(4):62.
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[22]陈瑜.大洋协会和国家海底管理局29日签订我国第三份国际海底勘探合同:中国与深海的“第三次握手”[N].科技日报.2014-04-30(03).
[23]王宏.继往开来推动深海事业走向新辉煌[N].中国海洋报,2017-05-04(01).
[2]邓善芝,邓杰,熊文良,等.深海沉积物中稀土资源特征及开发利用现状[J].矿产综合利用,2018(4):17-22.
[3]环球网科技综合报道.日本将全面启动对海底稀土矿资源开发[EB/OL].(2019-01-14)[2019-03-30].http://tech.huanqiu.com/discovery/2019-01/14063280.html?agt=1.
[4]TAKAYA yutaro,YASUKAWA kazutaka,KAWASAKI takehiro,et al.The tremendous potential of deep-sea mud as a source of rare-earth elements.[J].Scientific reports,2018,8(1):5763.
[5]The Asahi Shimbun.Centuries worth of rare earth elements found in Japan's EEZ[EB/OL].(2018-04-17)[2019-03-30].http://www.asahi.com/ajw/articles/AJ201804170045.html.
[6]The Verge.China can’t control the market in rare earth elements because they aren’t all that rare[EB/OL].(2018-04-17)[2019-03-30].https://www.theverge.com/2018/4/17/17246444/rare-earth-metals-discoveryjapan-china-monopoly.
[7]PHYS.Hiroshi Hiyama.Japan'rare earth'haul sparks hopes of cutting China reliance[EB/OL].(2018-04-15)[2019-03-30].https://phys.org/news/2018-04-japan-rare-earthhaul-china.html.
[8]Wall Street Journal.Japan Hopes Rare Earth Find Will Give It An Edge Against China[EB/OL].(2018-04-11)[2019-03-30].https://www.wsj.com/articles/japan-hopes-rare-earthfind-will-give-it-an-edge-against-china-1523446948.
[9]CNBC.A massive,'semi-infinite'trove of rare-earth metals has been found in Japan[EB/OL].(2018-04-12)[2019-03-30].https://www.cnbc.com/2018/04/12/japan-rare-earthshuge-deposit-of-metals-found-in-pacific.html.
[10]CNBC.Japan loosens China's grip on rare earths supplies[EB/OL].(2014-09-04)[2019-03-30].https://www.cnbc.com/2014/09/04/japan-loosens-chinas-grip-on-rareearths-supplies.html.
[11]王淑玲.日本深海稀土开发,路尚遥远![N].中国矿业报,2016-11-19(10).
[12]王彦.2017年日本稀土市场[J].稀土信息,2018(11):30-31.
[13]吴克勤.新兴的海洋采矿业[J].海洋科学,1981(3):46-47.
[14]YASUHIRO Kato,Koichiro Fujinaga,KENTARO nakamura,et al.Deep-sea mud in the pacific ocean as a potential resource for rare-earth elements[J].Nature Geoscience,2011(4):535-539.
[15]赵羿羽.深海稀土资源发展动态[J].船舶物资与市场,2018(4):49-51.
[16]王树文,王琪.美日英海洋科技政策发展过程及其对中国的启示[J].海洋经济,2012,2(5):58-64.
[17]凤凰新闻.2018日本科技白皮书.日本综合科技创新会议2017战略重点[EB/OL].(2018-08-19)[2019-03-30].http://wemedia.ifeng.com/72993196/wemedia.shtml.
[18]内阁府政策统括官(科学技イノベーション担当).研究画第2期12[EB/OL].(2017-08)[2019-03-30].https://www8.cao.go.jp/cstp/gaiyo/sip/kenkyugaiyo2.pdf.
[19]方晓霞,杨丹辉.中日在稀有金属领域的战略博弈:兼评中国稀土产业政策效果[J].日本问题研究,2016,30(5):1-7.
[20]曾宝平.日本将首次从印度进口稀土以降低对中国依赖[J].西部资源,2014(4):62.
[21]倪月菊.发达国家的稀土战略给中国的启示[J].国际贸易,2012(10):27-31.
[22]陈瑜.大洋协会和国家海底管理局29日签订我国第三份国际海底勘探合同:中国与深海的“第三次握手”[N].科技日报.2014-04-30(03).
[23]王宏.继往开来推动深海事业走向新辉煌[N].中国海洋报,2017-05-04(01).