能量等效速度谱衰减分析及在设定地震中的应用
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摘要
利用我国大陆与北美大陆在地震构造、地震成因、地震活动特点等方面的相似性,依据美国西部基岩强震记录资料,建立了适用于我国大陆的能量等效速度谱衰减关系式,分析了震级、震中距对能量等效速度谱的影响规律。分析表明,水平和竖向分量能量等效速度谱随震级的增加和距离的减小而增加;谱的卓越周期随震级的增加而增加。同时,将能量等效速度谱应用于设定地震的确定,提出了按0.2s周期点能量等效速度谱确定工程场址设定地震的方法,并将该方法应用于新疆克孜尔坝址地震动参数的确定,得到了坝址100年超越概率为2%的设定地震M=6.75、R=9.70km及相应的设计反应谱。由于基于能量等效速度谱的设定地震方法同时考虑了地震动幅值、频谱和持时的影响,根据该方法确定的设计反应谱介于一致概率反应谱和规范反应谱之间,克服了一致概率反应谱在中长周期处明显偏大的缺点,从而验证了本文设定地震方法的合理性。
Based on the strong ground motion data of western North America,the attenuation relationships of energy equivalent spectra were obtained according to the similarities in geology,seismology and regional tectonic et al.between China and western North America,and the variations of energy equivalent velocity spectra for earthquake magnitude and hypocentral distance were analyzed. It is found that the energy equivalent velocity spectra increase with the magnitude and hypocentral distance.A scenario earthquake method integrating the amplitude,duration and frequency of ground motion is suggested.In this method the magnitude and hypocentral distance of scenario earthquake are determined according to the energy equivalent velocity spectrum in the period of 0.2s.This method is applied to determine the scenario earthquake and designed response spectra of a hydro project in the Xinjiang Autonomous Region,China,with 2% of exceeded probability in 100 years.
Based on the strong ground motion data of western North America,the attenuation relationships of energy equivalent spectra were obtained according to the similarities in geology,seismology and regional tectonic et al.between China and western North America,and the variations of energy equivalent velocity spectra for earthquake magnitude and hypocentral distance were analyzed. It is found that the energy equivalent velocity spectra increase with the magnitude and hypocentral distance.A scenario earthquake method integrating the amplitude,duration and frequency of ground motion is suggested.In this method the magnitude and hypocentral distance of scenario earthquake are determined according to the energy equivalent velocity spectrum in the period of 0.2s.This method is applied to determine the scenario earthquake and designed response spectra of a hydro project in the Xinjiang Autonomous Region,China,with 2% of exceeded probability in 100 years.
引文
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[15]GB18306-2001,中国地震动参数区划图[S].
[16]Abrahamson N A,Silva W J.Empirical response spectral attenuation relations for shallow crustal earthquakes[J].Seismological Research Letters,1997,68(1):94-127.
[2]Ishikawa Y,Kameda H.Hazard-consistent Magnitude and Distance for Extended Seismic Risk Analysis[A].Proceedingsof the 9th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering[C].Tokyo,Japan,1988.89-94.
[3]Chapman M C.A probabilistic approach to ground-motion selection for engineering design[J].Bulletin of theSeismological Society of America.1995,85(3):937-942.
[4]Mcguire R K.Probabilistic seismic hazard analysis and design earthquake:closing the loop[J].Bulletin of theSeismological Society of America.1995,85(5):1275-1284.
[5]高孟潭.潜在震源区期望震级和期望距离及其计算方法[J].地震学报,1994,16(3):346-351.
[6]易立新.设定地震方法及工程应用和水库诱发地震危险性评价方法研究[D].北京:中国水利水电科学研究院,2003.
[7]陈厚群,李敏,石玉成.基于设定地震的重大工程场地设计反应谱的确定方法[J].水利学报,2005,36(12):1399-1404.
[8]马宗晋,杜品仁.现今地壳运动问题[M].北京:地震出版社.1995.
[9]马宗晋,张德成.板块构造基本问题[M].北京:地震出版社.1986.
[10]Uang C M,Bertero,V V.Evaluation of seismic energy in structure[J].Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics,1990,19:77-90.
[11]Chapman M C.Disaggregated Seismic Hazard and the Elastic Input Energy Spectrum:An Approach to Design EarthquakeSelection[D].Blacksburg,Virginia,The Faculty of the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University,Blacksburg,Virginia,1998.
[12]霍俊荣.近场强地面运动衰减规律的研究[D].北京:国家地震局工程力学研究所,1989.
[13]Trifunca M D,Lee V W.Frequency dependent attenuation of strong earthquake ground motion[R].Department of CivilEngineering Report,No.85-02,USC,Los Angeles,
[14]俞言祥.长周期地震动衰减关系研究[D].北京:中国地震局地球物理研究所,2002.
[15]GB18306-2001,中国地震动参数区划图[S].
[16]Abrahamson N A,Silva W J.Empirical response spectral attenuation relations for shallow crustal earthquakes[J].Seismological Research Letters,1997,68(1):94-127.
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