汶川大地震前后成都市献血人群淘汰率变化的研究
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摘要
[目的]分析地震前后成都市献血者人群结构特征和血液检测结果,为制定突发事件应急献血并保证血液质量的策略提供依据。[方法]收集2008年1月1日～8月3日的84902名献血者的人群特征资料及其血液检测结果,分为地震前、地震应急献血期间和应急献血结束后3个组,运用统计学方法分析。[结果]①地震应急献血期间血液检测淘汰率(5.31%)明显高于地震前(4.47%)和应急献血结束后(4.92%);②3个组献血人群年龄、性别、职业、文化程度总体构成发生变化,地震应急献血期间初次献血人群增加,男性献血者比例上升,30～55岁参加献血的比例增加,献血者中职员、服务业人员、商务人员比例升高,学生献血者比例在地震期间显著下降。[结论]地震期间献血热潮中,应急采供血工作应该更加重视献血前的健康征询,重点关注30岁以上的男性献血者;可采取献血前筛查梅毒的策略,有效降低血液检测淘汰率,减少血液浪费。
[Objective] To analyze the crowd structure and the blood testing results pre and post the earthquake which may provide a reference to take measures to ensure the quality of blood in the emergency blood donation.[Methods] A total of 84 902 blood donors were enrolled in three groups as pre the earthquake,during the earthquake and post the earthquake according to the time of their blood donation.Collected and analyzed the data of the crowd structure and the blood testing results.[Results] ① The blood reject rate of pre the earthquake group by the blood testing was 4.47%,compared with 5.31%(during the earthquake) and 4.92%(post the earthquake).② There were differences in age,sex,professions and educational background among the three groups.Blood donors for the first time increased significantly in the three groups.The ratio of male donors,donors from 35 to 55 years old increased.The professions that staff,services and business ratio increased and students ratio decreased significantly in the donors.[Conclusion] In the upsurge of blood donation during the earthquake,the emergency of blood donation should pay great attention to the health investigation of the donors especially male donors who are 30 years or older.Examination on syphilis before donation will decrease the blood elimination rate significantly to reduce waste.
[Objective] To analyze the crowd structure and the blood testing results pre and post the earthquake which may provide a reference to take measures to ensure the quality of blood in the emergency blood donation.[Methods] A total of 84 902 blood donors were enrolled in three groups as pre the earthquake,during the earthquake and post the earthquake according to the time of their blood donation.Collected and analyzed the data of the crowd structure and the blood testing results.[Results] ① The blood reject rate of pre the earthquake group by the blood testing was 4.47%,compared with 5.31%(during the earthquake) and 4.92%(post the earthquake).② There were differences in age,sex,professions and educational background among the three groups.Blood donors for the first time increased significantly in the three groups.The ratio of male donors,donors from 35 to 55 years old increased.The professions that staff,services and business ratio increased and students ratio decreased significantly in the donors.[Conclusion] In the upsurge of blood donation during the earthquake,the emergency of blood donation should pay great attention to the health investigation of the donors especially male donors who are 30 years or older.Examination on syphilis before donation will decrease the blood elimination rate significantly to reduce waste.
引文
付涌水,江朝富,杨穗群,等.SARS对广州地区采供血的影响及预防措施[J].中国输血杂志,2003,16(4):232-233.
梁晓虎,张海,张爱红,等.应急采供血预案在SARS流行期间的作用[J].中国输血杂志,2003,16(4):231-232.
王乃红,傅雪梅,廖耘.成都市无偿献血者血液检测结果与人群结构分析[J].中国输血杂志,2005,18(5):378-381.
梁晓虎,张海,张爱红,等.应急采供血预案在SARS流行期间的作用[J].中国输血杂志,2003,16(4):231-232.
王乃红,傅雪梅,廖耘.成都市无偿献血者血液检测结果与人群结构分析[J].中国输血杂志,2005,18(5):378-381.
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