中国东北地区地震活动特征及其与日本海板块俯冲的关系
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摘要
分析中国东北地区深震 (mb≥ 6 .0 )及浅震 (MS≥ 5 .0 )的成组性活动特征 ,研究了深震“强震组”与浅震“强震组”的时、空相关性。着重探讨了西太平洋板块与欧亚板块碰撞带的地震分布特征及其与西太平洋俯冲带形态的关系 ,并着重分析了西太平洋板块对欧亚板块地震活动的影响。结果表明 :西太平洋板块俯冲倾角小的地区 ,板块碰撞带地震活动强烈 ,板块俯冲对欧亚大陆的影响也较强 ,俯冲带处于较强的挤压应力状态 ;西太平洋板块俯冲倾角大的地区 ,板块碰撞带地震活动较弱 ,板块俯冲对欧亚大陆的影响也较弱 ,深部俯冲带引张应力增强。分析认为 ,未来 10年中国东北地区将进入浅震“强震组”活动时段 ,期间可能发生MS≥ 5 .0地震 6次左右 ,应加强东北地区的地震监测预报工作
Based on the analyses of grouped activities of deep-focus (m b≥6.0) and shallow-focus (M S≥5.0) earthquakes in Northeast China, the spatial and temporal correlation between the deep-focus "strong earthquake group" and shallow-focus "strong earthquake group" was studied. The study was focused mainly on the characteristics of earthquake distribution along the collision zone between the west Pacific plate and Eurasian plate, as well as its relation to the form of the west Pacific subduction zone. Moreover, emphasis was also laid on the analyses of the effect of the west Pacific plate on the seismicity in Eurasian plate. The results show that in the region where the west Pacific plate subducts at low angle, the seismicity along the plate collision zone is very strong, and the effect of plate subduction on the seismicity in Eurasian continent is most significant. In this condition, the subduction zone is subjected to relatively strong compressive stress. However, in the region where the west Pacific plate subducts at high angle, the seismicity along the plate collision zone becomes weaker, and the effect of plate subduction to the seismic activity in Eurasian continent becomes less significant. In this condition, the tensile stress produced by the subduction zone at depth is enhanced. We propose, therefore, that the seismic activity of Northeast China will enter the active period of shallow "strong earthquake group" in forthcoming 10 years. In this period, 6 earthquakes of M S≥5.0 may occur in this region. It is emphasized that the monitoring and prediction of seismic activity in Northeast China should be enhanced.
Based on the analyses of grouped activities of deep-focus (m b≥6.0) and shallow-focus (M S≥5.0) earthquakes in Northeast China, the spatial and temporal correlation between the deep-focus "strong earthquake group" and shallow-focus "strong earthquake group" was studied. The study was focused mainly on the characteristics of earthquake distribution along the collision zone between the west Pacific plate and Eurasian plate, as well as its relation to the form of the west Pacific subduction zone. Moreover, emphasis was also laid on the analyses of the effect of the west Pacific plate on the seismicity in Eurasian plate. The results show that in the region where the west Pacific plate subducts at low angle, the seismicity along the plate collision zone is very strong, and the effect of plate subduction on the seismicity in Eurasian continent is most significant. In this condition, the subduction zone is subjected to relatively strong compressive stress. However, in the region where the west Pacific plate subducts at high angle, the seismicity along the plate collision zone becomes weaker, and the effect of plate subduction to the seismic activity in Eurasian continent becomes less significant. In this condition, the tensile stress produced by the subduction zone at depth is enhanced. We propose, therefore, that the seismic activity of Northeast China will enter the active period of shallow "strong earthquake group" in forthcoming 10 years. In this period, 6 earthquakes of M S≥5.0 may occur in this region. It is emphasized that the monitoring and prediction of seismic activity in Northeast China should be enhanced.
引文
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孙文斌.和跃时.2004.西太平洋Benioff带的形态及其应力状态〔J〕.地球物理学报,(待刊).SUNWen bin,HEYue shi.2004.ThecharacteristicsofthesubductionzoneinwesternPacificanditsstressstate〔J〕.ActaGeophysicaSinica(inpress),(inChinese).
吴佳翼,郁曙君,何淑韵.1979.华北地震同日本地震的相关性〔J〕.地球物理学报,22(4):420—421.WUJia yi,YUShu jun,HEShuYun.1979.TheCorrelationofearthquakeoccurrencebetweenNorthChinaandJapan〔J〕.ActaGeophysicaSinica,22(4):420—421(inChinese).
臧绍先,宁杰远.1996.西太平洋俯冲带的研究及其动力学意义〔J〕.地球物理学报,39(2):188—202.ZANGShao xian,NINGJie yuan.1996.StudyonthesubductionzoneinwesternPacificanditsimplicationforthegeodynamics〔J〕.ActaGeophysicaSinica,39(2):188—202(inChinese).
张国民,傅征祥.1985.华北强震的时间分布及物理解释〔J〕.地球物理学报,28(6):569—578.ZHANGGuo min,FUZheng xiang.1985.TimesequencesofstrongearthquakesinNorthChinaandtheirexplana tion〔J〕.ActaGeophysicaSinica,28(6):569—578(inChinese).
周元泽,臧绍先.2002.牡丹江和海拉尔台下方地幔间断面结构及推论〔J〕.地球物理学报,44(6):761—773.ZHOUYuan ze,ZANGShao xian.2001.MantlediscontinuitiesbeneaththestationsMDJandHLAanditsimplica tions〔J〕.ChineseJourGeophys,44(6):761—773(inChinese).
UyedaS ,KanamoriH .1979.Back arcopeningandthemodeofsubduction〔J〕.JourGeophysRes,84:1049—1061.
FukaoY ,ObayashiM ,InoueH ,etal.1992.Subductingslabstagnantinmantletransitionzone〔J〕.JourGeophysRes,97:4,809—4,822.
MogiK .1973.RelationshipbetweenshallowanddeepseismicityinthewesternPacificregion〔J〕.Tectonophysics,17(1—2):1—22.
VanderHilstRD ,EngdahlER ,SpakmanW ,etal.1991.TomographicimagingofsubductedlithospaherebelownorthwestPacificislandarcs〔J〕.Nature,353:37—43
东北历史地震考察与研究专题组.1991.东北大陆历史强震编目〔J〕.东北地震研究,7(3):76—82.TheSpecialGroupofInspectionandStudyonHistoricalEarthquakeofNortheastChina.1991.Thecatalogueofhis toricalstrongearthquakesinthemainlandofNortheastChina〔J〕.EarthquakeResearchinNortheastChina,7(3):76—82(inChinese).
孙文斌.1995.深震能量速率与地震预测〔J〕.地震地磁观测与研究,16(2):37—40.SUNWen bin.1995.Energyrateofdeep focusearthquakesandearthquakepredictioninNortheastChina〔J〕.Seis mologicalandGeomagneticObservationandResearch,16(2):37—40(inChinese).
孙文斌.和跃时.2004.西太平洋Benioff带的形态及其应力状态〔J〕.地球物理学报,(待刊).SUNWen bin,HEYue shi.2004.ThecharacteristicsofthesubductionzoneinwesternPacificanditsstressstate〔J〕.ActaGeophysicaSinica(inpress),(inChinese).
吴佳翼,郁曙君,何淑韵.1979.华北地震同日本地震的相关性〔J〕.地球物理学报,22(4):420—421.WUJia yi,YUShu jun,HEShuYun.1979.TheCorrelationofearthquakeoccurrencebetweenNorthChinaandJapan〔J〕.ActaGeophysicaSinica,22(4):420—421(inChinese).
臧绍先,宁杰远.1996.西太平洋俯冲带的研究及其动力学意义〔J〕.地球物理学报,39(2):188—202.ZANGShao xian,NINGJie yuan.1996.StudyonthesubductionzoneinwesternPacificanditsimplicationforthegeodynamics〔J〕.ActaGeophysicaSinica,39(2):188—202(inChinese).
张国民,傅征祥.1985.华北强震的时间分布及物理解释〔J〕.地球物理学报,28(6):569—578.ZHANGGuo min,FUZheng xiang.1985.TimesequencesofstrongearthquakesinNorthChinaandtheirexplana tion〔J〕.ActaGeophysicaSinica,28(6):569—578(inChinese).
周元泽,臧绍先.2002.牡丹江和海拉尔台下方地幔间断面结构及推论〔J〕.地球物理学报,44(6):761—773.ZHOUYuan ze,ZANGShao xian.2001.MantlediscontinuitiesbeneaththestationsMDJandHLAanditsimplica tions〔J〕.ChineseJourGeophys,44(6):761—773(inChinese).
UyedaS ,KanamoriH .1979.Back arcopeningandthemodeofsubduction〔J〕.JourGeophysRes,84:1049—1061.
FukaoY ,ObayashiM ,InoueH ,etal.1992.Subductingslabstagnantinmantletransitionzone〔J〕.JourGeophysRes,97:4,809—4,822.
MogiK .1973.RelationshipbetweenshallowanddeepseismicityinthewesternPacificregion〔J〕.Tectonophysics,17(1—2):1—22.
VanderHilstRD ,EngdahlER ,SpakmanW ,etal.1991.TomographicimagingofsubductedlithospaherebelownorthwestPacificislandarcs〔J〕.Nature,353:37—43
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