汶川地震3周2338例急诊伤员急救物资使用情况分析
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摘要
目的探讨群体灾难性事件中医疗机构应如何准备医疗急救物资。方法回顾性分析2008年5月12日14点28分起截至6月2日14点28分四川大学华西医院急诊科收治的2338例地震伤员的病种构成,不同时段伤情的分布特点,在急诊科期间药品及急救物资使用情况。结果2338例伤员中以骨折、皮肤软组织损伤及颅脑损伤多见,急诊科内消耗最多的三种药品依次为破伤风免疫球蛋白、生理盐水及抗生素,随就诊时间不同,伤情类型及急救物资需求均呈阶段性变化,并且不同伤情种类及伤情严重度其急救药品及物资需求不同。结论应建立群体灾害事件的医疗物资保障应急预案,并根据灾后不同阶段伤员伤情分布特点及时调整医疗急救物资配备的类别和数量。
Objective To explore the utilization of emergency materials for mass disaster. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the 2 338 casualties from Wenchuan earthquake who visited our emergency department from 2:28 PM, May 12 to 2:28 PM, June 2. The injury condition and demand on emergency materials at different phase were also analyzed. Results Among the 2 338 casualties, the most common injuries were fracture, skin or soft tissue injury, and brain injury. Primary drugs are tetanus immune globulin, normal sodium and antibiotics. The injury condition and demand on medical resource were different at different phase. The demand on emergency materials depended on the category and severity of injury. Conclusion It is necessary to make a good medical resource planning for mass disaster. The catogory of injury and demand on emergency materials are different at different phase.
Objective To explore the utilization of emergency materials for mass disaster. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the 2 338 casualties from Wenchuan earthquake who visited our emergency department from 2:28 PM, May 12 to 2:28 PM, June 2. The injury condition and demand on emergency materials at different phase were also analyzed. Results Among the 2 338 casualties, the most common injuries were fracture, skin or soft tissue injury, and brain injury. Primary drugs are tetanus immune globulin, normal sodium and antibiotics. The injury condition and demand on medical resource were different at different phase. The demand on emergency materials depended on the category and severity of injury. Conclusion It is necessary to make a good medical resource planning for mass disaster. The catogory of injury and demand on emergency materials are different at different phase.
引文
1Schultz CH,Koenig KL,Noji EK.A medical disaster response to reduce immediate mortality after an earthquake.N Engl J Med,1996,334(26):1746-1747.
2梁竹,张传霞,罗琼,等.突发灾害事件医院药品的应急保障.解放军药学学报,2004,20(3):238-240.
3汪茜,王明新,侯世科,等.从海外地震救援谈信息情报对医疗物资准备的重要性.武警医学,2006,17(10):791-792.
4冯惠坚,李捷玮,陈盛新,等.地震伤救治药品的需求分析.药学实践杂志,2003,21(2):100-102.
5Rosenthal MS,Klein K,Cowling K,et al.Disaster Modeling:Medication Resources Required for Disaster Team Response.Prehosp Disaster Med,2005,20(5):309-315.
6Auf der Heide E,ed.Disaster response:principles of preparation and coordination.St.Louis:C.V.Mosby,1989.
7Thiel CC,Schneider JE,Hiatt D,et al.911EMS process in the Loma Prieta earthquake.Prehospital Disaster Med,1992,7:348-358.
2梁竹,张传霞,罗琼,等.突发灾害事件医院药品的应急保障.解放军药学学报,2004,20(3):238-240.
3汪茜,王明新,侯世科,等.从海外地震救援谈信息情报对医疗物资准备的重要性.武警医学,2006,17(10):791-792.
4冯惠坚,李捷玮,陈盛新,等.地震伤救治药品的需求分析.药学实践杂志,2003,21(2):100-102.
5Rosenthal MS,Klein K,Cowling K,et al.Disaster Modeling:Medication Resources Required for Disaster Team Response.Prehosp Disaster Med,2005,20(5):309-315.
6Auf der Heide E,ed.Disaster response:principles of preparation and coordination.St.Louis:C.V.Mosby,1989.
7Thiel CC,Schneider JE,Hiatt D,et al.911EMS process in the Loma Prieta earthquake.Prehospital Disaster Med,1992,7:348-358.
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