储层构造裂缝预测方法及其应用
|
摘要
根据构造裂缝的力学成因，对储层构造裂缝系发育强度及方向进行了估计，通过实例对该方法进行了检验。结果表明：（１）用有效张应力描述张裂缝和张剪裂缝发育程度是一个切实有效的方法；（２）在储层的同一层位上，影响张裂缝和张剪裂缝的主要因素是古构造面的曲率和扭率及断层运动性质（逆冲、正断或平推），自古隆起顶部向坡底，裂缝由张性向张剪性和剪切性裂缝发展；（３）自储层顶界面（古隆起构造面）往下，随深度增加，张裂缝和张剪裂缝发育程度降低；（４）裂缝预测的不同模型和方法，反映不同方面的特征和优势，根据储层占有资料和目的要求选择合适的裂缝预测模型和方法比较有效。
Carbonate reservoir fracture prediction is an important and very complicated problem in oil gas fields of the world. Through mechanical analyses of structural fractures, this paper presents methods to evaluate fracture strength and orientation of reservoir structures. A case of fracture prediction is studied and inspected. The results show that (1) Using effective tensile stress to evaluate tensile and tensile shear fractures is valid and practical. (2) To a layer of reservoir, the main factors that give effect to the tensile fracture distribution are curvature and torsion coefficient of paleo structure surface and fault movement (normal, reverse, or translation). From the bottom to top of paleo upheaval, the tectonic fracture is from tensile to tensile shear and shear. (3) The structure of tensile or tensile shear fracture lowers down with depth increasing from the paleo structure surface. (4) Different fracture prediction models have different characteristics and advantages of themselves. It would be more valid and effective to choose proper prediction model by availability of reservoir information and requirement.
Carbonate reservoir fracture prediction is an important and very complicated problem in oil gas fields of the world. Through mechanical analyses of structural fractures, this paper presents methods to evaluate fracture strength and orientation of reservoir structures. A case of fracture prediction is studied and inspected. The results show that (1) Using effective tensile stress to evaluate tensile and tensile shear fractures is valid and practical. (2) To a layer of reservoir, the main factors that give effect to the tensile fracture distribution are curvature and torsion coefficient of paleo structure surface and fault movement (normal, reverse, or translation). From the bottom to top of paleo upheaval, the tectonic fracture is from tensile to tensile shear and shear. (3) The structure of tensile or tensile shear fracture lowers down with depth increasing from the paleo structure surface. (4) Different fracture prediction models have different characteristics and advantages of themselves. It would be more valid and effective to choose proper prediction model by availability of reservoir information and requirement.
引文
何远碧. 1992. 试论轮南地区奥陶系碳酸盐岩储层裂缝类型及其发育规律. 见:童晓光,梁狄刚主编.塔里木盆地油气勘探论文集. 乌鲁木齐:新疆科技卫生出版社. 439～447.
华东水利学院,成都科学技术大学. 1984. 岩石力学. 北京:水利电力出版社.
纳尔逊 R A. 1991. 天然裂缝性储集层地质分析. 北京:石油工业出版社.
宋惠珍. 1999. 脆性岩储层裂缝定量预测的一种尝试.地质力学学报,5(1):76～84.
宋惠珍,孙君秀,刘利华. 1989. 地震危险区划中的数值模型. 中国地震,5(2):81～90.
宋惠珍,孙君秀,任金卫. 1996. 轮南地区奥陶系碳酸盐岩储层构造应力场与构造裂缝的数值研究.见:童晓光,梁狄刚,贾承造主编. 塔里木盆地石油地质研究新进展. 北京:科学出版社. 188～195.
宋惠珍,曾海容,孙君秀,等.1999.储层古应力场的数值模拟.地震地质,21(3):193～204.
Van Golf Racht T D. 1989. 裂缝油藏工程基础. 陈钟祥,金玲年,秦同洛译.北京:石油工业出版社.
耶格 J C, 库克 N G W. 1981. 岩石力学基础.中国科学院工程力学所译.北京:科学出版社.
Fuh G F. 1982. Num erical Verification of Rock Failure Representation: Z. Eisenstein Editor. Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Num erical Methods in Geom echanics. Edm onton, Canada: The University of Alberta Printing Services.
Jaeger J C. 1964. Elasticity, Fracture and Flow : London: Methuen & Co. Ltd, New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Murrell, S A F. 1963. A criterion for brittle fracture ofrocks and concrete under triaxialstress and the effect of pore pressure on the criterion, Proc. Fifth Roch Mechanics Sym posium , University of Minnesota, In: Fairhurst C,ed. Rock Mechanics. Oxford: Pergam on. 563～577.
华东水利学院,成都科学技术大学. 1984. 岩石力学. 北京:水利电力出版社.
纳尔逊 R A. 1991. 天然裂缝性储集层地质分析. 北京:石油工业出版社.
宋惠珍. 1999. 脆性岩储层裂缝定量预测的一种尝试.地质力学学报,5(1):76～84.
宋惠珍,孙君秀,刘利华. 1989. 地震危险区划中的数值模型. 中国地震,5(2):81～90.
宋惠珍,孙君秀,任金卫. 1996. 轮南地区奥陶系碳酸盐岩储层构造应力场与构造裂缝的数值研究.见:童晓光,梁狄刚,贾承造主编. 塔里木盆地石油地质研究新进展. 北京:科学出版社. 188～195.
宋惠珍,曾海容,孙君秀,等.1999.储层古应力场的数值模拟.地震地质,21(3):193～204.
Van Golf Racht T D. 1989. 裂缝油藏工程基础. 陈钟祥,金玲年,秦同洛译.北京:石油工业出版社.
耶格 J C, 库克 N G W. 1981. 岩石力学基础.中国科学院工程力学所译.北京:科学出版社.
Fuh G F. 1982. Num erical Verification of Rock Failure Representation: Z. Eisenstein Editor. Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Num erical Methods in Geom echanics. Edm onton, Canada: The University of Alberta Printing Services.
Jaeger J C. 1964. Elasticity, Fracture and Flow : London: Methuen & Co. Ltd, New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Murrell, S A F. 1963. A criterion for brittle fracture ofrocks and concrete under triaxialstress and the effect of pore pressure on the criterion, Proc. Fifth Roch Mechanics Sym posium , University of Minnesota, In: Fairhurst C,ed. Rock Mechanics. Oxford: Pergam on. 563～577.
版权所有：© 2023 中国地质图书馆 中国地质调查局地学文献中心