叠前时间偏移成像技术及其应用
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摘要
零炮检距剖面是地震反射成像过程中的重要成果。通过弯曲反射界面模型,分析了共中心点(CMP)道集与共反射点(CRP)道集的差别,认为当反射界面倾斜时,常规处理中的CMP叠加不能得到准确的零偏移距剖面,而沿CRP道集叠加的叠前时间偏移能得到准确的零偏移距剖面,另外,还介绍了叠前时间偏移的实现方法和步骤,包括预处理、偏移速度场的建立和偏移后CRP道集的处理等,并结合实际资料进行了效果分析。
The zero-offset(z_0) section is an important achievement in seismic reflection imaging.The differences between the common midpoint(CMP) and the common reflection point(CRP) are discussed on the basis of the dome-like reflector model.In usual seismic data processing,we cannot get the correct z_0 sections if oblique layers are imaged.However,the prestack time migration technique using CRP stacking can help us to obtain the correct z_0 sections.This paper discusses the key steps in the application of such prestack time migration techniques as seismic data preprocessing,construction of migration-velocity field and CRP gather processing after migration.The processing effects are demonstrated with real data.
The zero-offset(z_0) section is an important achievement in seismic reflection imaging.The differences between the common midpoint(CMP) and the common reflection point(CRP) are discussed on the basis of the dome-like reflector model.In usual seismic data processing,we cannot get the correct z_0 sections if oblique layers are imaged.However,the prestack time migration technique using CRP stacking can help us to obtain the correct z_0 sections.This paper discusses the key steps in the application of such prestack time migration techniques as seismic data preprocessing,construction of migration-velocity field and CRP gather processing after migration.The processing effects are demonstrated with real data.
引文
[1]马在田.论反射地震偏移成像[J].勘探地球物理进展,2002,25(3):1.
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[3]熊翥.复杂地区地震数据处理[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2002.
[4]罗银河,刘江平,俞国柱.叠前深度偏移评述[J].物探与化探,2004,28(6):540.
[2]Perroud H,Hubral P,HochtG,et al.M igrating around in circles———Part III[J].The Lead ing Edge,1997,16(8):875.
[3]熊翥.复杂地区地震数据处理[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2002.
[4]罗银河,刘江平,俞国柱.叠前深度偏移评述[J].物探与化探,2004,28(6):540.
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