声波时差测井资料识别层序地层单元界面的方法、原理及实例
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摘要
结合济阳坳陷古近系层序地层研究 ,在地震、岩芯、录井等资料综合分析基础上 ,探讨了运用声波时差测井识别层序地层单元界面的方法和原理。在正常埋藏压实条件下 ,泥页岩的声波时差对数与其深度的关系曲线为一条直线 (回归线 ) ,由于沉积作用形成的不整合造成地层缺失、风化层和致密的湖侵泥岩层形成等 ,将使不整合面 (层序界面 )上下的声波时差对数与深度的回归线出现错开、斜率不同、异常值等异常响应。生油岩密集段 (CS段 )在湖盆洼陷带对应于泥岩、页岩沉积 ,有机质含量高 ,声波时差值也高 ,并且同一层序内在最大湖泛面位置声波时差值达到最大 ,向上、向下均逐渐减小 ,在层序界面附近达到最小。
On the base of the comprehensive analysis of seismic data, core and logging , we have discussed the method and principle of identifying sequence stratigraphical boundary with sonic logging, and its application in the study of sequence stratigraphy of Paleogene in Jiyang depression. The sequence boundary and the maximal lacustrine flooding surface (MLFS) are the key boundaries in the sequence strata. The sequence boundary corresponds to the unconformity surface or its corresponding conformity surface, and MLFS is the division surface between transgressive systems tract (TST) and high systems tract (HST), and condensed section (CS) can form near the MLFS. The regression line of the logarithm of interval transit-time of mud rocks versus its depth is a straight line in the basin under the normal imbedding and compacting conditions, but the unconformity usually leads to the formation of stratigraphical break, weathered crust and TST mud, and these characteristics also lead to the anomaly of the regression line, such as, the dislocation and different slope of the regression line above or below the unconformity surface and some anomaly of interval transit time below the unconformity surface, and they are the important identifying signs of sequence boundaries. The lithology of the CS is usually depth-water shale or mudstone, and it has high content of the organic substance and high interval transit time. The interval transit time is the highest at the location of the maximal lacustrine flooding surface, and becomes lower upward and downward in a sequence, and reach the lowest value at the location of the sequence boundary
On the base of the comprehensive analysis of seismic data, core and logging , we have discussed the method and principle of identifying sequence stratigraphical boundary with sonic logging, and its application in the study of sequence stratigraphy of Paleogene in Jiyang depression. The sequence boundary and the maximal lacustrine flooding surface (MLFS) are the key boundaries in the sequence strata. The sequence boundary corresponds to the unconformity surface or its corresponding conformity surface, and MLFS is the division surface between transgressive systems tract (TST) and high systems tract (HST), and condensed section (CS) can form near the MLFS. The regression line of the logarithm of interval transit-time of mud rocks versus its depth is a straight line in the basin under the normal imbedding and compacting conditions, but the unconformity usually leads to the formation of stratigraphical break, weathered crust and TST mud, and these characteristics also lead to the anomaly of the regression line, such as, the dislocation and different slope of the regression line above or below the unconformity surface and some anomaly of interval transit time below the unconformity surface, and they are the important identifying signs of sequence boundaries. The lithology of the CS is usually depth-water shale or mudstone, and it has high content of the organic substance and high interval transit time. The interval transit time is the highest at the location of the maximal lacustrine flooding surface, and becomes lower upward and downward in a sequence, and reach the lowest value at the location of the sequence boundary
引文
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2 付广,张发强.利用声波时差资料研究欠压实泥岩盖层古压力封闭能力的方法[J].石油地球物理勘探,1998,33(6):812～818[FuGuang,ZhangFaqiang.A method of analyzing the palaeo-pressuresealing ability of poorly compacted shale barrier with the use ofacoustic logging data.OGP,1998,33(6):812～818]
3 张小莉,程玉群.地层压力分析的有效途径[J].西安石油学院学报,1999,14(6):28～30[ZhangXiaoli,ChengYuqun.An effectiveway to analyze formation pressure[J].Journal ofXianPetroleumInstitute,1999,14(6):28～30]
4 张小莉,沈英,陈文学.利用测井资料分析成岩作用对储集层的影响[J].沉积学报,2000,18(1):127～131[ZhangXiaoli,ShenYing,ChenWenxue.Application of well logging information to analysison the effect of diagenesis in reservoirs[J].ActaSedimentologicaSinica,2000,18(1):127～131]
5 WyllieM R J,GregoryA R,GardnerL W.Elastic wave velocitiesin heterogeneous and porous media[J].Geophysics,1956,21:41～70
6 丁次乾主编.矿场地球物理[M].山东东营:石油大学出版社,1992[DingCiqian.Exploring geophysics[M].DongyingShandong:PetroleumUniversityPublishingHouse,1992]
7 周瑶琪,吴智平.地层间断面的时间结构研究[M].北京:地质出版社,2000[ZhouYaoqi,WuZhiping.Study on the time compositionof the hiatus surface[M].Beijing:GeologicalPublishingHouse,2000]
8 PasseyQ R.A practical model for organic richness from porosityand resistivity logs[J].AAPG Bulletin,1990,74(12):1777～1794
9 张志伟,张龙海.测井评价烃源岩的方法及其应用效果[J].石油勘探与开发,2000,27(3):84～87[ZhangZhiwei,ZhangL onghai.Amethod of source rock evaluation by well-logging and its applicationresult[J].PetroleumExploration andDevelopment,2000,27(3):84～87]
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