云南宁洱M_S 6.4地震震后电磁效应
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摘要
2007年6月3日宁洱县境内发生6.4级地震,在地震区跨越宁洱东支断裂进行了为期14d的余震序列宽频带电磁异常连续观测。在固定台站的电场和磁场时间序列记录中,观测到多次余震事件的电磁同震现象。取每2h观测资料进行了加窗傅氏变换,得到不同频率的功率谱随时间的变化曲线。结果表明,MS3.0以上的余震发生前后,电磁场各分量频率谱峰值出现了显著的变化,地震后的峰值波动也许与时间域的同震效应相对应,而地震前发生的峰值跳跃有可能为电磁前兆现象。此外,本文对同震电磁信号产生机理进行了讨论,推测这种现象可能与地震发电机机制有关。
The EM measurement of earthquake monitoring for MS 6.4 Ning'er aftershock series has been done at a continuous observation site after the earthquake on June 3,2007.The data was observed for 14 days.Very strong coseismic signals of aftershocks were found in the magnetic and electric fields' time series data.Electric and magnetic auto power spectrums have been obtained by using FFT in the bihourly data.The spectrum variations for the same frequency were compared.It was found that the peak of all components bounced before and after earthquakes of MS≥3.0.This phenomenon may be corresponding to the coseismic signal and the electromagnetic precursor before and after the earthquake.We also discussed the mechanism in the paper and the seismo-dynamo effect seems to be a plausible mechanism.
The EM measurement of earthquake monitoring for MS 6.4 Ning'er aftershock series has been done at a continuous observation site after the earthquake on June 3,2007.The data was observed for 14 days.Very strong coseismic signals of aftershocks were found in the magnetic and electric fields' time series data.Electric and magnetic auto power spectrums have been obtained by using FFT in the bihourly data.The spectrum variations for the same frequency were compared.It was found that the peak of all components bounced before and after earthquakes of MS≥3.0.This phenomenon may be corresponding to the coseismic signal and the electromagnetic precursor before and after the earthquake.We also discussed the mechanism in the paper and the seismo-dynamo effect seems to be a plausible mechanism.
引文
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汤吉,詹艳,王立凤,等.2008.5月12日汶川8.0级地震强余震观测的电磁同震效应[J].地震地质,30(3):739—745.TANG Ji,ZHAN Yan,WANG Li-feng,et al.2008.Coseismic signal associated with aftershock of theMS8.0Wen-chuan earthquake[J].Seismology and Geology,30(3):739—745(in Chinese).
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修济刚,吴培稚,张德齐,等.1993.地震电磁辐射研究的进展[J].国际地震动态,10:1—5.XIU Ji-gang,WU Pei-zhi,ZHANG De-qi,et al.1993.Progress in research on seismic electromagnetic radiation[J].Recent Developments in World Seismology,10:1—5(in Chinese).
詹艳,赵国泽,陈小斌,等.2004.宁夏海原大震区安州-韦州剖面大地电磁探测与研究[J].地球物理学报,47(2):274—281.ZHAN Yan,ZHAO Guo-ze,CHEN Xiao-bin,et al.2004.Crust structure from magnetotelluric profiling in the Haiyuanearthquake area in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region[J].Acta Geophysica Sinica,47(2):274—281(in Chi-nese).
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赵国泽,刘铁胜,江钊,等.1997.山西阳高-河北容城剖面大地电磁资料的二维反演解释[J].地球物理学报,40(1):38—48.ZHAO Guo-ze,LIU Tie-sheng,JIANG Zhao,et al.1997.Investigation on MTdata along Yanggao-Rongcheng profile bytwo-dimensional inversion[J].Acta Geophysica Sinica,40(1):38—48(in Chinese).
赵国泽,刘国栋,詹艳,等.1998.张北-尚义地震区及其邻区地壳上地幔结构[J].地震地质,21(2):155—163.ZHAO Guo-ze,LIU Guo-dong,ZHAN Yan,et al.1998.The structure of the crust and upper mantle for the Zhangbei-Shangyi seismic area and its neighboring region[J].Seismology and Geology,21(2):155—163(in Chinese).
赵国泽,汤吉,詹艳,等.2004.青藏高原东北缘地壳电性结构和地块变形关系的研究[J].中国科学(D),34(10):908—918.ZHAO Guo-ze,TANG Ji,ZHAN Yan,et al.2004.Relation between electricity structure of the crust and deformation ofcrustal blocks on the northeastern margin of Qinghai-Tibet plateau[J].Science in China(Ser D),34(10):908—918.
Bernardi A,Fraser Smith A C,McGill P R,et al.1991.Magnetic field measurements near the epicenter of theMS7.1Loma Prieta earthquake[J].Phys Earth Planet Interiors,68:45—63.
Gokhberg M B,Morgounov VA,Yoshino T,et al.1982.Experimental measurement of electromagnetic emissions possi-bly related to earthquakes in Japan[J].J Geophys Res,87:7824—7828.
Haartsen M W and Pride S R.1997.Electroseismic waves from point sources in layered media[J].J Geophys Res,102:24745—24769.
Haines S.2003.Development of experimental methods in electroseismics[A].In:Proceedings of the73rd AnnualInternational Meeting.SEG Expanded Abstracts,22:557—559.
Honkura Y,Isikara A M,Oshiman N,et al.2000.Preliminary results of multidisciplinary observations before,duringand after the Kocaeli(Izmit)earthquake in the western part of the North Anatolian Fault zone[J].Earth PlanetsSpace,52:293—298.
Johnston M J S,Mueller R J and Sasai Y.1994.Magnetic field observation in the near field the28June1992MW7.3Landers,California,earthquake[J].Bull Seis Soc Am,84:792—798.
Karakelian D,Beroza G C,Simon L.2002.Analysis of ultra lowfrequency electromagnetic field measurements associat-ed with the1999M7.1Hector Mine earthquake sequence[J].Bull Seism Soc Am,92:1513—1524.
Matsushima M,Honkura Y,Oshiman N,et al.2002.Seismoelectromagnetic effect associated with the Izmit Earthquakeand its aftershocks[J].Bull Seism Soc Am,92:350—360.
邓起东,张培震.2003.中国活动构造图(1/400万).北京:地震出版社.DENG Qi-dong,ZHANG Pei-zhen.2003.Active Tectonics Map of China(1/400million)[Z].Seismological Press,Beijing(in Chinese).
黄清华.2004.电磁学手法在地震研究中的应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,39(增刊):75—79,84.HUANG Qing-hua.2004.Applying electromagnetic methods to earthquake research[J].Oil Geophysical Prospec-ting,39(Suppl):75—79,84(in Chinese).
李美,卢军.2008.地震电磁辐射前兆异常特征和异常指标关系研究[J].地震,28(4):112—120.LI Mei,LUJun.2008.Study on characteristics and index relation of electromagnetic precursory anomaly of earthquakes[J].Earthquake,28(4):112—120(in Chinese).
汤吉,詹艳,赵国泽,等.2005.青藏高原东北缘玛沁-兰州-靖边剖面地壳上地幔电性结构研究[J].地球物理学报,48(5):1205—1216.TANG Ji,ZHAN Yan,ZHAO Guo-ze,et al.2005.Electrical conductivity structure of the crust and upper mantle in thenortheastern margin of the Qinghai-Tibet plateau along the profile Maqin-Lanzhou-Jingbian[J].Acta GeophysicaSinica,48(5):1205—1216(in Chinese).
汤吉,詹艳,王立凤,等.2008.5月12日汶川8.0级地震强余震观测的电磁同震效应[J].地震地质,30(3):739—745.TANG Ji,ZHAN Yan,WANG Li-feng,et al.2008.Coseismic signal associated with aftershock of theMS8.0Wen-chuan earthquake[J].Seismology and Geology,30(3):739—745(in Chinese).
汪晓,赵国泽,肖骑彬,等.2008.宁洱地震区深部电性结构及发震构造分析(一)[J].地震地质,30(2):516—524.WANG Xiao,ZHAO Guo-ze,XIAO Qi-bin,et al.2008.Preliminary analyses of the deep electrical structure and decol-lement structure in Ning er seismic area-I[J].Seismology and Geology,30(2):516—524(in Chinese).
修济刚,吴培稚,张德齐,等.1993.地震电磁辐射研究的进展[J].国际地震动态,10:1—5.XIU Ji-gang,WU Pei-zhi,ZHANG De-qi,et al.1993.Progress in research on seismic electromagnetic radiation[J].Recent Developments in World Seismology,10:1—5(in Chinese).
詹艳,赵国泽,陈小斌,等.2004.宁夏海原大震区安州-韦州剖面大地电磁探测与研究[J].地球物理学报,47(2):274—281.ZHAN Yan,ZHAO Guo-ze,CHEN Xiao-bin,et al.2004.Crust structure from magnetotelluric profiling in the Haiyuanearthquake area in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region[J].Acta Geophysica Sinica,47(2):274—281(in Chi-nese).
张俊昌.1980.云南主要构造体系与强震分布规律的初步分析[J].地震研究,(1):9—15.ZHANG Jun-chang.1980.Preliminary analysis on the distribution law of strong earthquake and major structural sys-tems in Yunnan[J].Journal of Seismological Research,(1):9—15(in Chinese).
赵国泽,刘铁胜,江钊,等.1997.山西阳高-河北容城剖面大地电磁资料的二维反演解释[J].地球物理学报,40(1):38—48.ZHAO Guo-ze,LIU Tie-sheng,JIANG Zhao,et al.1997.Investigation on MTdata along Yanggao-Rongcheng profile bytwo-dimensional inversion[J].Acta Geophysica Sinica,40(1):38—48(in Chinese).
赵国泽,刘国栋,詹艳,等.1998.张北-尚义地震区及其邻区地壳上地幔结构[J].地震地质,21(2):155—163.ZHAO Guo-ze,LIU Guo-dong,ZHAN Yan,et al.1998.The structure of the crust and upper mantle for the Zhangbei-Shangyi seismic area and its neighboring region[J].Seismology and Geology,21(2):155—163(in Chinese).
赵国泽,汤吉,詹艳,等.2004.青藏高原东北缘地壳电性结构和地块变形关系的研究[J].中国科学(D),34(10):908—918.ZHAO Guo-ze,TANG Ji,ZHAN Yan,et al.2004.Relation between electricity structure of the crust and deformation ofcrustal blocks on the northeastern margin of Qinghai-Tibet plateau[J].Science in China(Ser D),34(10):908—918.
Bernardi A,Fraser Smith A C,McGill P R,et al.1991.Magnetic field measurements near the epicenter of theMS7.1Loma Prieta earthquake[J].Phys Earth Planet Interiors,68:45—63.
Gokhberg M B,Morgounov VA,Yoshino T,et al.1982.Experimental measurement of electromagnetic emissions possi-bly related to earthquakes in Japan[J].J Geophys Res,87:7824—7828.
Haartsen M W and Pride S R.1997.Electroseismic waves from point sources in layered media[J].J Geophys Res,102:24745—24769.
Haines S.2003.Development of experimental methods in electroseismics[A].In:Proceedings of the73rd AnnualInternational Meeting.SEG Expanded Abstracts,22:557—559.
Honkura Y,Isikara A M,Oshiman N,et al.2000.Preliminary results of multidisciplinary observations before,duringand after the Kocaeli(Izmit)earthquake in the western part of the North Anatolian Fault zone[J].Earth PlanetsSpace,52:293—298.
Johnston M J S,Mueller R J and Sasai Y.1994.Magnetic field observation in the near field the28June1992MW7.3Landers,California,earthquake[J].Bull Seis Soc Am,84:792—798.
Karakelian D,Beroza G C,Simon L.2002.Analysis of ultra lowfrequency electromagnetic field measurements associat-ed with the1999M7.1Hector Mine earthquake sequence[J].Bull Seism Soc Am,92:1513—1524.
Matsushima M,Honkura Y,Oshiman N,et al.2002.Seismoelectromagnetic effect associated with the Izmit Earthquakeand its aftershocks[J].Bull Seism Soc Am,92:350—360.
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