强噪声环境条件下的浅层地震勘探方法研究
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摘要
常规方法产生的地震记录难以在提高记录频率成分的同时提高记录的信噪比.而用Mini-Sosie方法产生的地震记录具有较宽的频率范围;同时,由于激发过程为一持续过程,可通过长时间持续激发产生的记录进行相关叠加后得到较强的信号,在持续激发的过程中,由于随机噪声在随地震波传播的过程相互干涉,可在很大程度上压制随机噪声,从而使得地震记录具有较高的信噪比,这可在一定程度上解决常规地震勘探中提高记录主频而降低记录信-噪比之间的矛盾.
Conventional methods which stimulate seismic records cannot increase frequency components and improve signal-to-noise ratio at the same time.The Mini-Sosie methods which stimulate seismic records have a wide frequency range.Its exciting process is continuous and through prolonged exploding seismic records to correlate to gain the strong signal.In the continuous stimulating process,due to random noises which interfere each other in the seismic wave propagation,it can suppress random noise to a large extent,thus enabling the seismic records to have high signal-to-noise ratio.So,this can solve the problem that conventional seismic prospecting only increases seismic records'the main frequency,but not improves signal-to-noise ratio to a certain extent.
Conventional methods which stimulate seismic records cannot increase frequency components and improve signal-to-noise ratio at the same time.The Mini-Sosie methods which stimulate seismic records have a wide frequency range.Its exciting process is continuous and through prolonged exploding seismic records to correlate to gain the strong signal.In the continuous stimulating process,due to random noises which interfere each other in the seismic wave propagation,it can suppress random noise to a large extent,thus enabling the seismic records to have high signal-to-noise ratio.So,this can solve the problem that conventional seismic prospecting only increases seismic records'the main frequency,but not improves signal-to-noise ratio to a certain extent.
引文
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[2]张三宗,徐义贤.地震记录小波域高阶相关叠加技术[J].地球物理学报,2006,49(2):554~560.Zhang S Z,Xu Y X.Higher-order correlative stacking forseismic data in the wavelet domain[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2006,49(2):554~560.
[3]陈赟,高乐,赵烽帆一种基于频率域偏振分析提高三分量地震资料信噪比的方法[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(1):255~261.Chen Y,Gao L,Zhao F F.A method to enhance the signal/noise ratio of three-component seismic data based on the polari-zation analysis in fre-quency domain[J].Progress in Geophys-ics(in Chinese),2007,22(1):255~261.
[4]李景叶,陈小宏,芮振华基于匹配滤波的多次波压制方法研究[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(1):200~206.Li J Y,Chen X H,Rui Z H.Study on multiple attenuationmethod based on match filter[J].Progress in Geophysics(inChinese),2007,22(1):200~206.
[5]田晓峰,张先康,杨卓欣,徐朝繁.反射波走时高阶多项式拟合在三维地震透射中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(3):913~918.Tian X F,Zhang X K,Yang Z X,Xu Z F.Fitting a high-orderpolynomial to reflection times and its application to three-di-mensional seismic transmission[J].Progress in Geophysics(inChinese),2007,22(2):913~918.
[6]刘四新,曾昭发.频散介质中地质雷达波传播的数值模拟[J].地球物理学报,2007,50(1):320~326.Liu S X,Zeng Z F.Numerical simulation for Ground Penetrat-ing Radar wave propagation in the dispersive medium[J].Chi-nese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2007,50(1):320~326.
[7]Barbiek M G,Viallik J K.SOSIE:A new tool for marine seis-mology[J].Geophysics,1973,38(4):673~683.
[8]Richard D M,et al.High-resolution seismic-reflection imaging[J].SEG/New Orleans 2006 Annual Meeting,1411~1415.
[9]James B H,et al.Shear-wave seismic reflection images of theBig Creek fault zone near Helena,Arkansas[J].SEG/NewOrleans 2006 Annual Meeting 1500~1504.
[10]Anne-Marie L,et al.Seismic cone penetration test and seis-mic tomography in permafrost,Can[J].Geotech,2004,41:796~813.
[11]Thomas L P,et al.Shallow seismic imaging of folds above thePuente Hills blind-thrust fault,Los Angeles,California[J].Geophysical Reseaechletters,2002,29(9):1~4.
[12]Karel D,et al.Mini-SOSIE-Successful shallow 3D seismicdata acquisition in an environmentally sensitive area.A SEG15th Geophysical Conference and Exhibition,August 2001,Brisbane.Extended Abstracts
[13]Palmer J R,et al.Shallow seismic reflection profiles and geo-logical structure in the Benton Hills,southeast Missouri[J].Engineering Geology,1997,46:217~233.
[14]Tokuo Y,et al.Imaging the permeability structure of a lime-stone aquifer by crosswell acoustic tomography[J].Geophys-ics,1995,60(6):1634~1645.
[15]唐大荣,等.Mini—Sosie地震技术在西安地裂缝勘查中的应用效果[J].中国地质灾害与防治学报,S1,1991.Tang D R,et al.Application result of Mini-Sosie seismictechnique for the study of the groud fracture in XI’AN city[J].The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control,S1,1991.
[16]袁明德.工程地震勘探技术的进展[J].地球物理学进展;2004,19(4):847~852.Yuan M D.Technological progress of engineering seismic ex-ploration[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2004,4(19):847~852.
[17]王维红,裴江云,张剑锋.加权抛物Radon变换叠前地震数据重建[J].地球物理学报,2007,50(3):851~859.Wang W H,Pei J Y,Zhang J F.Prestack seismic data recon-struction using weighted parabolic Radon transform[J].Chi-nese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2007,50(3):851~859.
[18]赵海波,等.完全匹配层吸收边界在孔隙介质弹性波模拟中的应用地球物理学报,2007,50(2):581~591.Zhao H B,et al.Applications of the boundary absorption u-sing a perfectly matched layer for elastic wave simulation inporoelastic media.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2007,50(2):581~591.
[19]郭智奇,等.粘弹各向异性介质中地震波场模拟与特征[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(3):804~810.Guo Z Q,et al.Seismic wave fields modeling and feature inviscoelastic anisotropic media[J].Progress in Geophysics(inChinese),2007,22(2):804~810.
[20]Albert C.Reynolds;Boundary conditions for the numericalsolution of wave propagation problems[J].Geophysics.1978,43(6):1099~1110.
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