岩溶隧道综合超前地质预报方法与工程应用
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摘要
基于岩溶隧道施工中易发生突水、突泥(涌砂)和塌方等安全事故,造成人员伤亡、经济损失和隧址区水文地质环境破坏等情况,依据不同超前地质预报方法优缺点和适用范围,提出了针对突水、突泥、断层破碎带、岩溶、围岩类别及稳定性的综合超前地质预报方法,建立了宏观超前地质预报、长期超前地质预报、短期超前地质预报、地质灾害临近预报的多步预警预报体系,预报体系在沪蓉西高速齐岳山隧道等工程中得到了成功应用.
Engineering geological and hydro-geological conditions are highly changing and complex in karst developing district of tunnels.Water inrush,mad(sand) flush,collapse and some other geological hazards often occur in the construction of karst tunnels,which often bring about great casualties,economic losses and environmental destruction of karst hydrogeology. According to the applicable scope,merits and drawbacks of different geological prediction methods,an integrated advanced geological prediction methods was put forth to predict water inrush,mad flush,fault fracture zones,karst classification and stability analysis of rock mass.A multi-step warning and prediction system was established,which included macroscopic,long-term,short-term geological prediction methods and geological precursory prediction methods.The multi-step warning and prediction system was successfully applied in the construction of the Qiyueshan Tunnel and others.
Engineering geological and hydro-geological conditions are highly changing and complex in karst developing district of tunnels.Water inrush,mad(sand) flush,collapse and some other geological hazards often occur in the construction of karst tunnels,which often bring about great casualties,economic losses and environmental destruction of karst hydrogeology. According to the applicable scope,merits and drawbacks of different geological prediction methods,an integrated advanced geological prediction methods was put forth to predict water inrush,mad flush,fault fracture zones,karst classification and stability analysis of rock mass.A multi-step warning and prediction system was established,which included macroscopic,long-term,short-term geological prediction methods and geological precursory prediction methods.The multi-step warning and prediction system was successfully applied in the construction of the Qiyueshan Tunnel and others.
引文
[1]刘招伟.圆梁山隧道岩溶突水机理及其防治对策[D].北京:中国地质大学,2004.LIU Zhaowei.Karst waterburst mechanism and preventioncountermeasures in Yuanliangshan tunnel[D].Beijing:Chi-na University of Geosciences,2004.
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[5]张庆松,李术才,孙克国,等.公路隧道超前地质预报应用现状与技术分析[J].地下空间与工程学报,2008,4(4):766-771.ZHANG Qingsong,LI Shucai,SUN Keguo,et al.Analysisand present state of advance geological forecast technology ofhighway tunnel[J].Chinese Journal of Underground Space andEngineering,2008,4(4):766-771.
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[7]刘志刚.概论岩溶或地质复杂隧道隧洞地质灾害超前预报技术[J].铁道建筑技术,2003(2):1-5.LIU Zhigang.On advane goelogical forecast of tunnels on karstor varied geological conditions[J].Railway Construction Techn-ology,2003(2):1-5.
[8]钟世航,孙宏志,王荣,等.隧道掌子面前方地质预报的现状及发展之路[J].工程地球物理学报,2007,4(3):180-185.ZHONG Shihang,SUN Hongzhi,WANG Rong,et al.The pr-esent situation of the geological prediction in front of tunnel faceand its development[J].Chinese Journal of Engineering Geo-physics,2007,4(3):180-185.
[9]何发亮,李苍松.隧道施工期地质超前预报技术的发展[J].现代隧道技术,2001,38(3):12-14.HE Faliang,LI Cangsong.The development of geological for-cast in tunnel construction[J].Modern Tunnelling Technology,2001,38(3):12-14.
[2]王梦恕.对岩溶地区隧道施工水文地质超前预报的意见[J].铁道勘查,2004(1):7-9,18.WANG Mengshu.Hydrologic and geological forecast of tunnelconstruction in the karst district[J].Railroad Survey,2004(1):7-9,18.
[3]李永鸿,徐光黎,杨银湖,等.地震反射波法技术及其在隧道超前地质预报中的应用研究[J].岩土工程学报,2005,27(10):1180-1184.LI Yonghong,XU Guangli,YANG Yinhu,et al.Applicationof earthquake refracted wave method to geologyical predictionfor tunneling[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Enieering,2005,27(10):1180-1184.
[4]李术才,李树忱,张庆松,等.岩溶裂隙水与不良地质情况超前预报研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(2):217-225.Ll Shucai,Ll Shuchen,ZHANG Qingsong,et al.Forcast ofkarst-fractured groundwater and defective geological conditions[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2007,26(2):217-225.
[5]张庆松,李术才,孙克国,等.公路隧道超前地质预报应用现状与技术分析[J].地下空间与工程学报,2008,4(4):766-771.ZHANG Qingsong,LI Shucai,SUN Keguo,et al.Analysisand present state of advance geological forecast technology ofhighway tunnel[J].Chinese Journal of Underground Space andEngineering,2008,4(4):766-771.
[6]薛翊国,李术才,张庆松,等.TSP203超前预报系统探测岩溶隧道的应用研究[J].地下空间与工程学报,2007,3(7):1187-1191.XUE Yiguo,LI Shucai,ZHANG Qingsong,et al.Applicationof TSP203 advance prediction to tunnel in karst areas[J].Chi-na Journal of Underground Spce and Engineering,2007,3(7):1181-1191.
[7]刘志刚.概论岩溶或地质复杂隧道隧洞地质灾害超前预报技术[J].铁道建筑技术,2003(2):1-5.LIU Zhigang.On advane goelogical forecast of tunnels on karstor varied geological conditions[J].Railway Construction Techn-ology,2003(2):1-5.
[8]钟世航,孙宏志,王荣,等.隧道掌子面前方地质预报的现状及发展之路[J].工程地球物理学报,2007,4(3):180-185.ZHONG Shihang,SUN Hongzhi,WANG Rong,et al.The pr-esent situation of the geological prediction in front of tunnel faceand its development[J].Chinese Journal of Engineering Geo-physics,2007,4(3):180-185.
[9]何发亮,李苍松.隧道施工期地质超前预报技术的发展[J].现代隧道技术,2001,38(3):12-14.HE Faliang,LI Cangsong.The development of geological for-cast in tunnel construction[J].Modern Tunnelling Technology,2001,38(3):12-14.
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