Sabo works在日本的发展和应用
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摘要
泥石流、滑坡等自然灾害的发生往往都造成人民生命财产和社会经济的巨大损失,严重危害着人类的生活,影响到社会、经济以及自然环境的持续发展。如何预防和降低这类灾害的损失,是人类社会,尤其是发展中国家面临的巨大问题。中国也是深受泥石流、滑坡等灾害影响严重的国家之一。2008年5月12日的汶川地震引发滑坡、崩塌众多,凸现了对这类灾害进行治理的紧迫性和必要性。文中通过介绍日本Sabo works的发展和目前应用情况,为中国泥石流、滑坡等灾害的防治工作提供有益借鉴。
Sediment related disasters,such as debris flow,landslide,slope failure etc.,always cause tremendous damages to lives and properties of people,deteriorate living environments and block the economic development.How to prevent such destructive sediment disasters and mitigate the damages is still a big problem facing the human beings.Japan is a country suffering many kinds of natural disasters,and amongst them,sediment related disasters occupy lots of the losing.From long time ago,Japanese government began to take measures against sediment related disasters,controlling erosion and sediment.Today,these elaborate and costly works are called Sabo works.Sabo is an effort to prevent sediment related disasters,realize the symbiosis between the nature and humans and renew vitality of the area.Due to different purposes,there are many kinds of Sabo works,and they are practically effective.For example,the 2004 Niigata Earthquake caused serious sediment related disasters,but by taking the correct countermeasures,this region has been renewed same as before the earthquake.Almost the same as Japan,China is also a place where many natural disasters are overwhelming,such as the big Wenchuan earthquake on 12 May,2008 which caused numerous landslides and collapse and damaged this region severely.Now we are facing the reconstruction and have to solve many problems relating to the sediment disaster.For this purpose,this paper introduces applications of SABO works in Japan.Through this,the author sincerely hopes it would be useful for the reconstruction works in the damaged area,and it would be helpful for sediment related disaster mitigation in China.
Sediment related disasters,such as debris flow,landslide,slope failure etc.,always cause tremendous damages to lives and properties of people,deteriorate living environments and block the economic development.How to prevent such destructive sediment disasters and mitigate the damages is still a big problem facing the human beings.Japan is a country suffering many kinds of natural disasters,and amongst them,sediment related disasters occupy lots of the losing.From long time ago,Japanese government began to take measures against sediment related disasters,controlling erosion and sediment.Today,these elaborate and costly works are called Sabo works.Sabo is an effort to prevent sediment related disasters,realize the symbiosis between the nature and humans and renew vitality of the area.Due to different purposes,there are many kinds of Sabo works,and they are practically effective.For example,the 2004 Niigata Earthquake caused serious sediment related disasters,but by taking the correct countermeasures,this region has been renewed same as before the earthquake.Almost the same as Japan,China is also a place where many natural disasters are overwhelming,such as the big Wenchuan earthquake on 12 May,2008 which caused numerous landslides and collapse and damaged this region severely.Now we are facing the reconstruction and have to solve many problems relating to the sediment disaster.For this purpose,this paper introduces applications of SABO works in Japan.Through this,the author sincerely hopes it would be useful for the reconstruction works in the damaged area,and it would be helpful for sediment related disaster mitigation in China.
引文
李志强,袁一凡,李晓丽,等.2008.对汶川地震宏观震中和极震区的认识[J].地震地质,30(3):768—777.LI Zhi-qiang,YUAN Yi-fan,LI Xiao-li,et al.2008.Some insights into the macro-epicenter and meizoseismal region ofWenchuan earthquake[J].Seismology and Geology,30(3):768—777(in Chinese).
马宗晋,史培军.2008.汶川大地震评估已基本完成,专项减灾计划正完善[R].http:∥www.csi.ac.cn/man-age/html/4028861611c5c2ba0111c5c558b00001/-content/08-09/05/1220583625617.html.MA Zong-jin,SHI Pei-jun.2008.Evaluation of hazards caused by Wenchuan earthquake and corresponding hazardmitigation plan[R].http:∥www.csi.ac.cn/manage/html/4028861611c5c2ba0111c5c558b00001/-con-tent/08-09/05/1220583625617.html(in Chinese).
谢和平,邓建辉,台佳佳.2008.汶川大地震灾害与灾区重建的岩土工程问题[J].岩石力学与工程学报,27(9):1781—1791.XIE He-Ping,DENG Jian-hui,TAI Jia-jia.2008.Wenchuan large earthquake and post-earthquake reconstruction-relat-ed geotechnical problems[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,27(9):1781—1791(in Chi-nese).
钟敦伦,王成华,谢洪,等.1998.中国泥石流滑坡编目数据库与区域规律研究[M].成都:四川科学技术出版社.ZHONG Dun-lun,WANG Cheng-hua,XIE Hong,et al.1998.Research of catalogue and database for debris flows andlandslides in China[M].Sichuan Science and Technology Press,Chengdu(in Chinese).
张培震.2008.中国地震灾害与防震减灾[J].地震地质,30(3):577—583.ZHANG Pei-zhen.2008.Earthquake disasters and mitigation in China[J].Seismology and Geology,30(3):577—583(in Chinese).
Cabinet Office,Government of Japan.2006.Disaster management in Japan[R].Tokyo,Japan.
Ministry of Land,Infrastructure and Transport.2004.Development of warning and evacuation system against sedimentdisasters in developing countries[R].Tokyo,Japan.
Matsushita Tadahiro.1999.Messages for the21stcentury-Sabo work and its achievements[M].Sabo Publicity Center,Tokyo,Japan.
Niigata Prefecture SABO Division.2007.Collection of sediment related disasters in Niigata Prefecture in2004[R].Niigata,Japan.
Lowdermilk Walter C.1951.Problems in Reducing Geological Erosion in Japan[A].IAH Assemblee Generale DeBruxelles1951.Publication No.33,p.8—9.
马宗晋,史培军.2008.汶川大地震评估已基本完成,专项减灾计划正完善[R].http:∥www.csi.ac.cn/man-age/html/4028861611c5c2ba0111c5c558b00001/-content/08-09/05/1220583625617.html.MA Zong-jin,SHI Pei-jun.2008.Evaluation of hazards caused by Wenchuan earthquake and corresponding hazardmitigation plan[R].http:∥www.csi.ac.cn/manage/html/4028861611c5c2ba0111c5c558b00001/-con-tent/08-09/05/1220583625617.html(in Chinese).
谢和平,邓建辉,台佳佳.2008.汶川大地震灾害与灾区重建的岩土工程问题[J].岩石力学与工程学报,27(9):1781—1791.XIE He-Ping,DENG Jian-hui,TAI Jia-jia.2008.Wenchuan large earthquake and post-earthquake reconstruction-relat-ed geotechnical problems[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,27(9):1781—1791(in Chi-nese).
钟敦伦,王成华,谢洪,等.1998.中国泥石流滑坡编目数据库与区域规律研究[M].成都:四川科学技术出版社.ZHONG Dun-lun,WANG Cheng-hua,XIE Hong,et al.1998.Research of catalogue and database for debris flows andlandslides in China[M].Sichuan Science and Technology Press,Chengdu(in Chinese).
张培震.2008.中国地震灾害与防震减灾[J].地震地质,30(3):577—583.ZHANG Pei-zhen.2008.Earthquake disasters and mitigation in China[J].Seismology and Geology,30(3):577—583(in Chinese).
Cabinet Office,Government of Japan.2006.Disaster management in Japan[R].Tokyo,Japan.
Ministry of Land,Infrastructure and Transport.2004.Development of warning and evacuation system against sedimentdisasters in developing countries[R].Tokyo,Japan.
Matsushita Tadahiro.1999.Messages for the21stcentury-Sabo work and its achievements[M].Sabo Publicity Center,Tokyo,Japan.
Niigata Prefecture SABO Division.2007.Collection of sediment related disasters in Niigata Prefecture in2004[R].Niigata,Japan.
Lowdermilk Walter C.1951.Problems in Reducing Geological Erosion in Japan[A].IAH Assemblee Generale DeBruxelles1951.Publication No.33,p.8—9.
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