从地震信息看中国东部垂直构造样式及油气
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摘要
所讨论的垂直构造是石油勘探中最常见的小尺度局部升降作用所引起的各种构造 ,按成因可分为跨塌构造、压实构造、底辟构造三类样式。垮塌构造样式是碎屑岩沉积盆地基底的碳酸盐岩地层长期被地下水溶解形成地下大溶洞 ,造成上部地层垮塌而形成的堑背形构造样式 ;压实构造由沉积压实作用所致 ,可分为基底古隆起披覆构造样式和差异压实披覆构造样式等 ;底辟构造 (又称“挤入构造”)是塑性岩层在外力作用下发生底辟作用而产生的 ,分刺穿底辟和拱形底辟两种 ,或冷底辟和热底辟两类。莺歌海盆地发育众多的地震异常体 ,呈底辟状 ,但比较特殊 ,可称为气烟筒 ,与通常的底辟具本质之别。中国东部中、新生代盆地中普遍发育垂直构造 ,它们与沉积作用同步发生 ,一般无明显的挤压褶皱变形
Vertical structures that are common in exploration are resulted from small scale of vertically gravitational elevation and subsidence. Vertical structures are generally developed in the Mesozoic and Cenozoic basins in eastern China. As having synchronously yielded with sedimentation, Vertical structures are commonly no obviously compacted and folded deformation common. In original classification, vertical structures can be collapsing, compacted and diapirized in style. Subdivision of styles can be sorted and their features are introduced and analyzed in detail in this paper. In Yingge Sea Basin, there are a number of seismic abnormal structures, which are diapir-liked, called ”gas pipestems”, and in fact are different with the common diapirs in essential.
Vertical structures that are common in exploration are resulted from small scale of vertically gravitational elevation and subsidence. Vertical structures are generally developed in the Mesozoic and Cenozoic basins in eastern China. As having synchronously yielded with sedimentation, Vertical structures are commonly no obviously compacted and folded deformation common. In original classification, vertical structures can be collapsing, compacted and diapirized in style. Subdivision of styles can be sorted and their features are introduced and analyzed in detail in this paper. In Yingge Sea Basin, there are a number of seismic abnormal structures, which are diapir-liked, called ”gas pipestems”, and in fact are different with the common diapirs in essential.
引文
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10刘魁元,康仁华,武恒志等.罗151井区侵入岩油藏储集层分布及成藏特征.石油勘探与开发,2000,27(6):16—18
2于正军.复杂断块油藏精细描述技术.小型油气藏,2001,6(4):20—24
3陆邦干,袁秉衡,卫祖德等.中国典型地震剖面图集.北京:石油工业出版社,1987
4龚再生.中国近海大油气田.北京:石油工业出版社,1997
5冯建辉,吕延仓,谭试典.中国石油构造样式.北京:石油工业出版社,2000
6王槐基.莺歌海盆地地震异常体成因机制管窥.中国海上油气,1996,10(2):115—121
7王燮培,费琪,张家骅.石油勘探构造分析.武汉:中国地质大学出版社,1990
8王文谈.阿北火山地震资料的地质解释.石油地震地质,1992(1):33—41
9王同和,王根海,赵宗举.中国含油气盆地的反转构造样式及其油气聚集.海相油气地质,2001(3):27—37
10刘魁元,康仁华,武恒志等.罗151井区侵入岩油藏储集层分布及成藏特征.石油勘探与开发,2000,27(6):16—18
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