SMA阻尼器力学特性的初步试验研究
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摘要
设计并制作了伸缩式形状记忆合金耗能阻尼器(简记为SMA-SDTEDD),并对此器件进行了实验研究,得出了一批阻尼效果极为显著的实验结果.对试验数据的分析表明:SMA-SDTEDD具有非常显著的阻尼耗能性能,平均等效粘滞阻尼比最大可达到33.56％,最小也有14％,能较好地满足结构被动耗能振动控制的要求;SMA-SDTEDD的阻尼性能与加载频率有关,在低频加载时阻尼性能较好,但随着加载频率的提高,阻尼性能逐步下降;SMA-SDTEDD的阻尼性能与最大行程的大小有关,当最大行程过小或过大时,其等效粘滞阻尼比较小,当最大行程为极限行程的1/2大小时取得最大等效粘滞阻尼比;在多次循环加载时,器件的应力—应变滞回曲线具有整体向上的漂移现象,吻合了其他学者进行的SMA材料试验结果,这一现象的发现提高了此次研究中检测到的试验数据结果的可信度;实验结果与理论分析结果吻合程度较好.
The shape memory alloy stretch and draw type energy dissipation damper (SMA-SDTEDD) is designed and made. The test research is carried through also. It is acquired that the experimental result that damp effect is distinct very much. The analysis indicates that: SMA-SDTEDD is distinctly provided with the damp capability,the max value of the average equivalent viscidity damp ratio can reach 33. 56%, the min value is 14% even,it can suit preferably to the requirements of structural vibration passive control;the damp capa-bilty of SMA-SDTEDD has relation to the loading frequency,the damp capability is better in lower frequency, the damp capability descends gradually when the loaing frequency is increased;the damp capability has relation to the max value of stretch and draw of SMA-SDTEDD, the average equivalent viscidity damp ratio is less when the max value of stretch and draw is big or littler, the max equivalent viscidity damp ratio is acquired when the max value of stretch and draw is 1/2 of the limit value; the stress-strain curve of SMA-SDTEDD show itself holistic excursion upon when it is loaded time and again,agreed with the experimental result what other scholar carried through SMA material test;the test result is uniform with theoretical one very much.
The shape memory alloy stretch and draw type energy dissipation damper (SMA-SDTEDD) is designed and made. The test research is carried through also. It is acquired that the experimental result that damp effect is distinct very much. The analysis indicates that: SMA-SDTEDD is distinctly provided with the damp capability,the max value of the average equivalent viscidity damp ratio can reach 33. 56%, the min value is 14% even,it can suit preferably to the requirements of structural vibration passive control;the damp capa-bilty of SMA-SDTEDD has relation to the loading frequency,the damp capability is better in lower frequency, the damp capability descends gradually when the loaing frequency is increased;the damp capability has relation to the max value of stretch and draw of SMA-SDTEDD, the average equivalent viscidity damp ratio is less when the max value of stretch and draw is big or littler, the max equivalent viscidity damp ratio is acquired when the max value of stretch and draw is 1/2 of the limit value; the stress-strain curve of SMA-SDTEDD show itself holistic excursion upon when it is loaded time and again,agreed with the experimental result what other scholar carried through SMA material test;the test result is uniform with theoretical one very much.
引文
[1] ALI R. Shahin,Peter H. Meckl,James D. Jones. Modeling of SMA Tendons for Active Control of Structures [J]. Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures, 1997, 8(1) :51～70．
[2] 王社良,苏三庆,沈亚鹏.形状记忆合金拉索被动控制结构地震响应分析[J].土木工程学报,2000,33(1) :56～62．
[3] Peter W C. Experimental and analytical studies of shape memory alloy dampers for structure control[C]. SPIE,1995, 2445: 241～251．
[4] Mauro Dolce, Donatello Cardone, Roberto Marnetto.Implementation and Testing of Passive Control Devices Based on Shape Memory Alloys[J]. Earthquake Engng Struct. Dyn.,2000, 29: 945～968．
[5] 赵光恒.结构动力学[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社.1996． 17．
[6] Graesser E J,Cozzarelli F A. Shape-memory Alloys as New Materials for Aseismic Isolation[J]. Journal of Engineering Mechanics, 1991, 117 (11) : 2590～2608．
[2] 王社良,苏三庆,沈亚鹏.形状记忆合金拉索被动控制结构地震响应分析[J].土木工程学报,2000,33(1) :56～62．
[3] Peter W C. Experimental and analytical studies of shape memory alloy dampers for structure control[C]. SPIE,1995, 2445: 241～251．
[4] Mauro Dolce, Donatello Cardone, Roberto Marnetto.Implementation and Testing of Passive Control Devices Based on Shape Memory Alloys[J]. Earthquake Engng Struct. Dyn.,2000, 29: 945～968．
[5] 赵光恒.结构动力学[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社.1996． 17．
[6] Graesser E J,Cozzarelli F A. Shape-memory Alloys as New Materials for Aseismic Isolation[J]. Journal of Engineering Mechanics, 1991, 117 (11) : 2590～2608．
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