低纬子午环配备科学CCD后的课题目标
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摘要
本文根据基本天体测量的主要任务和目前发展趋势的要求 ,以及低纬子午环配备CCD后的观测精度、效率和极限星等 ,提出了该仪器长期观测的课题目标 ,包括建立实用的准惯性天球参考架和动力学参考架 ,为太阳系动力学研究 ,为银河系结构和运动学研究 ,为某些天体物理课题研究的需要 ,提供有用的观测数据 ,为本地的地震预报和天文地震研究提供参考数据。在甚长基线射电干涉测量技术和空间测量技术迅速发展的时代 ,地面光学天体测量仍具有其不可取代的优势 ,只要能高精度地测定仪器的各种误差 ,消除仪器重力变形和热变形的影响 ,并尽可能消除由地球大气因素引起的系统误差影响 ,取得与空间测量平均而言可比的观测精度 ,两者相互配合 ,取长补短 ,就能更好地为上述诸多课题目标开展观测和研究 ,促进天体测量学和有关学科的发展 ,文中对这些要求的实现作了必要的叙述。
As a new-type astrometric instrument with high measuring precision and multiple observational uses the Low Latitude Meridian Circle (LLMC) can be adapted for the requirement of present research,and resolve the difficult puzzle existed in other branch of astronomy. The LLMC with a scientific CCD detector can measure precisely the absolute position of objects including galaxies,stars and minor planets,then derive the relative luminosity of stars,and get the annual proper motion and parallax with pricision of 0.8mas/year and ±2mas correspondly. In order to fairly use measuring parameters provided with LLMC+CCD,some reseach targets fit for this instrument should be proposed as follows: (1)To establish the quasi-inertia celestial reference frame contained with thousands of extragalactic objects,millions of stars and some of minor planets.Meanwhile,to construct a dynamic reference frame with observation of asteriods; (2)To provide the valid observational data for other astronomical research including the solar system dynamics,the Galaxy structure and kinematics,and some fields in astrophysics; (3)Because this instrument is on the ground,it can be used to study the earth rotation and structure; (4)If the LLMC+CCD can be cooperated with Hipparcos and LMOST (Large Sky Multi-Object Fibre-Spectrscopy Telescope),it is believed that some important problems can be resolved,for example,the zero point correction of Hipparcos star catalog.
As a new-type astrometric instrument with high measuring precision and multiple observational uses the Low Latitude Meridian Circle (LLMC) can be adapted for the requirement of present research,and resolve the difficult puzzle existed in other branch of astronomy. The LLMC with a scientific CCD detector can measure precisely the absolute position of objects including galaxies,stars and minor planets,then derive the relative luminosity of stars,and get the annual proper motion and parallax with pricision of 0.8mas/year and ±2mas correspondly. In order to fairly use measuring parameters provided with LLMC+CCD,some reseach targets fit for this instrument should be proposed as follows: (1)To establish the quasi-inertia celestial reference frame contained with thousands of extragalactic objects,millions of stars and some of minor planets.Meanwhile,to construct a dynamic reference frame with observation of asteriods; (2)To provide the valid observational data for other astronomical research including the solar system dynamics,the Galaxy structure and kinematics,and some fields in astrophysics; (3)Because this instrument is on the ground,it can be used to study the earth rotation and structure; (4)If the LLMC+CCD can be cooperated with Hipparcos and LMOST (Large Sky Multi-Object Fibre-Spectrscopy Telescope),it is believed that some important problems can be resolved,for example,the zero point correction of Hipparcos star catalog.
引文
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