山地复杂构造地震成图方法探讨
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摘要
在山地复杂构造地震成图过程中 ,采用不同的方法 ,由于其基本原理、剖面类别 (叠加、时间偏移和深度 )和作图参数 (基准面 ,静校速度、时深转换速度 )都不同 ,其构造形态和圈闭要素就会存在大的差异。文中着重分析了影响山地复杂构造地震成图精度的 3个重要参数 (基准面 ,静校速度 ,时深转换速度 ) ,比较了时间域和空间域成图方法的特点和适用条件 ,确认合理的作图基准面应为水平面 ,静校速度为目的层的vav,时深转换层速度为vnl。采用Vnlog层位控制法 ,进行由偏移时间剖面向深度剖面转换 ,是山地复杂构造地震成图的行之有效方法 ,它具有操作简单、实用性强和精度高的特点。
Structural configuration and trap factors vary greatly with mapping methods that are different in principle and mapping parameters. This paper discussed the effects of 3 important parameters (datum, static correction velocity, and velocity of time-depth conversion) on the precision of seismic mapping for complex structures in mountainous areas, and compared the time-domain methods with depth-domain ones by their characters and applicability. It was concluded that the proper parameters for seismic mapping of complex structures in mountainous areas are that the datum should be horizontal plane, the static correction velocity the average velocity of the target formation, and the velocity of time-depth conversion be v_ (nl).The layer-controlled method of Vnlog is an effective method to convert time sections into depth ones in frontland. This method is simple, accurate, and easy to use.
Structural configuration and trap factors vary greatly with mapping methods that are different in principle and mapping parameters. This paper discussed the effects of 3 important parameters (datum, static correction velocity, and velocity of time-depth conversion) on the precision of seismic mapping for complex structures in mountainous areas, and compared the time-domain methods with depth-domain ones by their characters and applicability. It was concluded that the proper parameters for seismic mapping of complex structures in mountainous areas are that the datum should be horizontal plane, the static correction velocity the average velocity of the target formation, and the velocity of time-depth conversion be v_ (nl).The layer-controlled method of Vnlog is an effective method to convert time sections into depth ones in frontland. This method is simple, accurate, and easy to use.
引文
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2 刘治凡.基于浮动基准面的二步法静校正[J].石油物探,1998,37(1):136～142
3 范贵良.山前高陡构造区地震成图法研究[J].石油物探,2000,39(3):16～25
4 王顺国.复杂山区静校正方法研究及其效果[J].石油物探,1998,37(4):93～103
5 梁顺军,谢会文,皮学军,等.高陡构造地震勘探圈闭要素畸变分析[J].石油物探,2001,40(4):34～42
6 贺振华,黄德济.复杂油气藏地震波藏特征方法理论及应用[M ].四川成都:四川科学技术出版社,1999.86～87
7 梁顺军,梁顺彬.高陡背斜地震剖面高点偏离问题分析及其校正[J].石油地球物理勘探,2001,36(1):105～114
8 胡光灿,谢姚祥.中国四川东部高陡构造石炭系气田[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1997.135～145
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