不规则地表观测的基准面校正技术和偏移成像技术的进展
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摘要
目前我国石油勘探的重点转移到西部和南方,其地质条件非常复杂,地震资料的静校正问题严重,同相轴畸变,信噪比低,其中山地地形起伏是一个重要的影响因素。简要介绍了山地资料处理和偏移成像的相关技术,主要包括基准面校正技术和起伏地表偏移成像技术。重点关注如何消除地形起伏对成像造成的影响,并对有代表意义的或理论上先进的方法进行了较详细的阐述。
The oil & gas exploration is concentrated in south and west areas in China. A series of problems has arisen from complex geology such as serious static errors due to rugged topography, distorted seismic events, and low S/N seismic data. This paper presented a review of the technologies of migration and datuming from rugged topography. We discussed methods of how to removing the effect of rugged topography in theory and practice in detail.
The oil & gas exploration is concentrated in south and west areas in China. A series of problems has arisen from complex geology such as serious static errors due to rugged topography, distorted seismic events, and low S/N seismic data. This paper presented a review of the technologies of migration and datuming from rugged topography. We discussed methods of how to removing the effect of rugged topography in theory and practice in detail.
引文
1 Berryhill J R. Wave-equation datuming[J]. Geophysics,1979,44(8):1 329-1 341
2 Berryhill J R. Wave-equation datuming before stack [J]. Geophysics,1984,49(11): 2 064-2 066
3 Wiggins J W. Kirchhoff integral extrapolation and migration of nonplanar data[J]. Geophysics, 1984,49 (8):1 239-1 248
4 Yilmaz O, Lucas D. Pre-stack layer replacement [J]. Geophysics, 1986,51(7):1 355 - 1 369
5 Reshef M. Depth migration from irregular surface with depth extrapolation methods[J]. Geophysics, 1991,56(1):119 -122
6方伍宝,李满树,孙爱平等．基于Born近似的波动方程静校正技术[J]．石油物探,2004,43(1):26-29
7 Beasley C, Lynn W. The zero velocity layer: Migration from irregular surfaces[J]. Geophysics, 1992,57 (11):1 435 - 1 443
8 Bevc D. Imaging under rugged topography and complex velocity structure: [Dissertation] [D]. USA: Stanford University, 1995
9 Bevc D. Flooding the topography: Wave equation datuming of land data with rugged acquisition topography [J]. Geophysics,1997,62(5):1 558-1 569
10 Gray S H. Where is the zero-velocity layer? [J]. Geophysics, 1997,62(1): 266-269
11 Gray S H, Marfurt K J. Migration from topography: Improving the near-surface image[J]. Canadian Journal of Exploration Geophysics, 1995,31 (1 - 2):18-24
12 Yang Kai, Wang Huazhong, Ma Zaitian. Wave equation datuming from irregular surfaces using finite difference scheme[J]. Expanded Abstracts of 69th Annual International SEG Meeting, 1999,1 465 - 1 469
13杨锴,王华忠,程玖兵等．非水平观测面有限差分法叠前波动方程基准面校正[J]．石油地球物理勘探,2002, 37(2):154-162
14 Guan Huimin, Wu Rushan, Fu Liyun. Removing scattering effects of rugged topography using finite-difference method[J]. Expanded Abstracts of 70th Annual International SEG Meeting,2000,2 189-2 192
15 Fu Liyun, Wu Rushan, Guan Humin. Removing rugged-topography scattering effects in surface seismic data [J]. Expanded Abstracts of 69th Annual International SEG Meeting,1999,453-456
16 Jager Christoph. Kirchhoff migration and demigration-theory, implementation and application: [Dissertation] [D]. Germany: Karlsruhe University,2001
17 Jager C, Hertweck T, Spiner M. True-amplitude Kirchhoff migration from topography[J]. Expanded Abstracts of 73th Annual International SEG Meeting, 2003, 909-913
18 Sava P. Migration and velocity analysis by wave field extrapolation: [Dissertation][D]. USA: Stanford U-niversity,2004
19 Shragge J, Paul S. Wave-equation migration from to-pography[J]. Expanded Abstract of 75th Annual International SEG Meeting,2005,1 842-1 846
20耿建华．Kirchhof积分法波场延拓基准面静校正方法[J]．同济大学学报,2000,43(3):411-419
21 Ke Benxi, Zhao Bo, Liu Chaoying, et al. Wave equation datuming based on a single shot gather[J]. Expanded Abstract of 74th Annual International SEG Meeting, 2004,2 156-2 159
22 Saleh M, Bancroft J. Wave equation datuming[J]. Expanded Abstract of CSEG National Convention, 2004, 34-39
23 Li Jianchan, Pham D. Land data migration from rugged topography[J]. Expanded Abstracts of 72th Annual International SEG Meeting,2002,1 137-1 139
24 Jiao Jianwu, Trickett S, Link B. Wave equation migration of Land Data[J]. Expanded Abstract of CSEG National Convention,2004,324-329
25 Geiger H D, Bancroft J C. Equivalent offset pre-stack migration for rugged topography [J]. Expanded Abstract of 66th Annual International SEG Meeting, 1996, 447-450
2 Berryhill J R. Wave-equation datuming before stack [J]. Geophysics,1984,49(11): 2 064-2 066
3 Wiggins J W. Kirchhoff integral extrapolation and migration of nonplanar data[J]. Geophysics, 1984,49 (8):1 239-1 248
4 Yilmaz O, Lucas D. Pre-stack layer replacement [J]. Geophysics, 1986,51(7):1 355 - 1 369
5 Reshef M. Depth migration from irregular surface with depth extrapolation methods[J]. Geophysics, 1991,56(1):119 -122
6方伍宝,李满树,孙爱平等．基于Born近似的波动方程静校正技术[J]．石油物探,2004,43(1):26-29
7 Beasley C, Lynn W. The zero velocity layer: Migration from irregular surfaces[J]. Geophysics, 1992,57 (11):1 435 - 1 443
8 Bevc D. Imaging under rugged topography and complex velocity structure: [Dissertation] [D]. USA: Stanford University, 1995
9 Bevc D. Flooding the topography: Wave equation datuming of land data with rugged acquisition topography [J]. Geophysics,1997,62(5):1 558-1 569
10 Gray S H. Where is the zero-velocity layer? [J]. Geophysics, 1997,62(1): 266-269
11 Gray S H, Marfurt K J. Migration from topography: Improving the near-surface image[J]. Canadian Journal of Exploration Geophysics, 1995,31 (1 - 2):18-24
12 Yang Kai, Wang Huazhong, Ma Zaitian. Wave equation datuming from irregular surfaces using finite difference scheme[J]. Expanded Abstracts of 69th Annual International SEG Meeting, 1999,1 465 - 1 469
13杨锴,王华忠,程玖兵等．非水平观测面有限差分法叠前波动方程基准面校正[J]．石油地球物理勘探,2002, 37(2):154-162
14 Guan Huimin, Wu Rushan, Fu Liyun. Removing scattering effects of rugged topography using finite-difference method[J]. Expanded Abstracts of 70th Annual International SEG Meeting,2000,2 189-2 192
15 Fu Liyun, Wu Rushan, Guan Humin. Removing rugged-topography scattering effects in surface seismic data [J]. Expanded Abstracts of 69th Annual International SEG Meeting,1999,453-456
16 Jager Christoph. Kirchhoff migration and demigration-theory, implementation and application: [Dissertation] [D]. Germany: Karlsruhe University,2001
17 Jager C, Hertweck T, Spiner M. True-amplitude Kirchhoff migration from topography[J]. Expanded Abstracts of 73th Annual International SEG Meeting, 2003, 909-913
18 Sava P. Migration and velocity analysis by wave field extrapolation: [Dissertation][D]. USA: Stanford U-niversity,2004
19 Shragge J, Paul S. Wave-equation migration from to-pography[J]. Expanded Abstract of 75th Annual International SEG Meeting,2005,1 842-1 846
20耿建华．Kirchhof积分法波场延拓基准面静校正方法[J]．同济大学学报,2000,43(3):411-419
21 Ke Benxi, Zhao Bo, Liu Chaoying, et al. Wave equation datuming based on a single shot gather[J]. Expanded Abstract of 74th Annual International SEG Meeting, 2004,2 156-2 159
22 Saleh M, Bancroft J. Wave equation datuming[J]. Expanded Abstract of CSEG National Convention, 2004, 34-39
23 Li Jianchan, Pham D. Land data migration from rugged topography[J]. Expanded Abstracts of 72th Annual International SEG Meeting,2002,1 137-1 139
24 Jiao Jianwu, Trickett S, Link B. Wave equation migration of Land Data[J]. Expanded Abstract of CSEG National Convention,2004,324-329
25 Geiger H D, Bancroft J C. Equivalent offset pre-stack migration for rugged topography [J]. Expanded Abstract of 66th Annual International SEG Meeting, 1996, 447-450
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