采场覆岩空间结构观点及其应用研究
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摘要
介绍了采场覆岩空间结构的概念以及基于微地震定位监测技术研究覆岩空间结构的方法.指出了采场覆岩空间结构按照工作面采动边界条件,可以分为“θ”型、“O”型、“S”型和“C”型4类;采区与矿井范围内覆岩空间结构的形式,是由厚层坚硬顶板、埋深、工作面和采区之间煤柱以及断层煤柱等决定的,是随着开采阶段的不同而变化的.基于观测实例,阐述了微地震定位监测技术用于监测空间结构的形成过程和范围,以及确定底板有无突水危险、高应力场位置与冲击地压预测、导水裂隙带高度、开采上限、防水煤(岩)柱高度等方面的应用.展望了覆岩空间结构学术观点及其研究方法在采矿工程中的应用前景.
The concept of spatial structure of overlying strata and the microseismic monitoring method are introduced.According to the mining borders,spatial structure of strata can be divided into four types,which are θshaped,O-shaped,S-shaped and C-shaped ones.The spatial structures of strata also exist among mining districts.The shapes of spatial structures are decided by massive hard strata,mining depth,pillars of coal,etc.How the microseismic monitoring technique is used to monitor the forming process of spatial structure and how the mining hazards are forecasted using microseismic monitoring techniques are presented.The application prospects of the viewpoint of strata spatial structure in mining engineering is analyzed.
The concept of spatial structure of overlying strata and the microseismic monitoring method are introduced.According to the mining borders,spatial structure of strata can be divided into four types,which are θshaped,O-shaped,S-shaped and C-shaped ones.The spatial structures of strata also exist among mining districts.The shapes of spatial structures are decided by massive hard strata,mining depth,pillars of coal,etc.How the microseismic monitoring technique is used to monitor the forming process of spatial structure and how the mining hazards are forecasted using microseismic monitoring techniques are presented.The application prospects of the viewpoint of strata spatial structure in mining engineering is analyzed.
引文
[1]钱鸣高,缪协兴,许家林,等.岩层控制的关键层理论[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,2000:1-86.
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[5]姜福兴,杨淑华,XUN L.微地震监测揭示的采场围岩空间破裂形态[J].煤炭学报,2003,28(4):357-360.JIANG Fu-xing,YANG Shu-hua,XUN L.Spatialfracturing progresses of surrounding rock masses inlongwall face monitored by microseismic monitoringtechniques[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2003,28(4):357-360.
[6]姜福兴,XUN L,杨淑华.采场覆岩空间破裂与采动应力场的微震探测研究[J].岩土工程学报,2003,25(1):23-25.JIANG Fu-xing,XUN L,YANG Shu-hua.Micro-seismic monitoring study on spatial structure of over-lying strata and mining pressure field in longwall face[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2003,25(1):23-25.
[2]宋振骐.实用矿山压力控制[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,1988:50-120.
[3]张兴民,于克君,席景德,等.微地震监测技术在两带监测中的研究与应用[J].煤炭学报,2000,25(4):335-339.ZHANG Xing-min,YU Ke-jun,XI Jing-de,et al.Research and application of microseismic monitoringused in deciding fracturing zone[J].Journal of ChinaCoal Society,2000,25(4):335-339.
[4]LUO X,HATHERLY P,GLADWIN M.Applica-tion of microseismic monitoring to longwall geome-chanics and safety[C]//PENG S S.Proceedings17th Conference on Ground Control in Mining.Mor-gantown,1998:72-78.
[5]姜福兴,杨淑华,XUN L.微地震监测揭示的采场围岩空间破裂形态[J].煤炭学报,2003,28(4):357-360.JIANG Fu-xing,YANG Shu-hua,XUN L.Spatialfracturing progresses of surrounding rock masses inlongwall face monitored by microseismic monitoringtechniques[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2003,28(4):357-360.
[6]姜福兴,XUN L,杨淑华.采场覆岩空间破裂与采动应力场的微震探测研究[J].岩土工程学报,2003,25(1):23-25.JIANG Fu-xing,XUN L,YANG Shu-hua.Micro-seismic monitoring study on spatial structure of over-lying strata and mining pressure field in longwall face[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2003,25(1):23-25.
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