火山岩气藏三维地震描述——以徐家围子断陷营城组火山岩勘探为例
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摘要
利用徐家围子断陷全三维叠前深度偏移资料进行火山岩体、火山机构相带、储层预测和含气性检测的综合分析,实现火山岩气藏精细描述。根据喷发方式,徐家围子断陷火山岩可划分为裂隙式、中心式和复合式3类:裂隙式喷发火山岩外部楔形、强振幅、低频、横向递变快,内部为断续反射、中强振幅、平行-斜交结构;中心式喷发和复合式喷发火山岩外部丘形、强振幅、低频、断续反射,内部为空白-杂乱反射。据此实现了火山岩识别。火山机构可划分为火山口-近火山口相带、近源相带、远源相带和火山沉积相带,在地震剖面上分别呈穹隆-丘状(内部反射杂乱)、断续层状、层状、凹陷-充填状。利用相干体分析技术实现了火山机构相带识别。根据井-震联合储层反演成果和地震衰减属性的含气性检测成果,有利储层预测结果与后期钻探结果的最大相对误差为17.0%,平均为10.2%,含气性检测结果符合率提高到75%,为火山岩气藏勘探提供依据。
Volcanic rocks,facies belts of volcanic edifices,reservoir prediction and hydrocarbon detection of Xujiaweizi fault depression are analyzed by using of full 3-D seismic data,and the detail description of the volcanic gas pools is made.According to eruptive types,the volcanic rocks of Xujiaweizi fault depression are classified into fissured type,central type and compound type.The volcanic rocks of fissured type have wedge outer shape with strong amplitude,low frequency and bad continuum.However,its inner characteristics are bad continuous reflection,middle-strong amplitude,parallel-diagonal structure.The volcanic rocks of central and compound type have mound outer shape with strong amplitude,low frequency and bad continuum.And their inner characteristics are blank-chaotic reflection.Volcanic edifices are divided into crater-near crater facies belts(CNCF),proxy facies belt(PF),distal faceis belt(DF) and volcanic-sedimentary facies belt(VSF).The CNCF has mound shape and chaotic reflection.The PF has bed reflection.The DF has bed shape and good continuum.The VSF has filling structure and good continuum.And volcanic facies belts can be recognized by using of coherence cube technique.According to the results of well-seismic integrated reservoirs inversion and hydrocarbon detection of attenuation attributes,the relative errors between reservoirs prediction results and new-well is decreased to 17.0%(the average value is 10.2%).The accuracy of hydrocarbon detection is increased to 75%.All above provide foundation for exploration of volcanic gas pools.
Volcanic rocks,facies belts of volcanic edifices,reservoir prediction and hydrocarbon detection of Xujiaweizi fault depression are analyzed by using of full 3-D seismic data,and the detail description of the volcanic gas pools is made.According to eruptive types,the volcanic rocks of Xujiaweizi fault depression are classified into fissured type,central type and compound type.The volcanic rocks of fissured type have wedge outer shape with strong amplitude,low frequency and bad continuum.However,its inner characteristics are bad continuous reflection,middle-strong amplitude,parallel-diagonal structure.The volcanic rocks of central and compound type have mound outer shape with strong amplitude,low frequency and bad continuum.And their inner characteristics are blank-chaotic reflection.Volcanic edifices are divided into crater-near crater facies belts(CNCF),proxy facies belt(PF),distal faceis belt(DF) and volcanic-sedimentary facies belt(VSF).The CNCF has mound shape and chaotic reflection.The PF has bed reflection.The DF has bed shape and good continuum.The VSF has filling structure and good continuum.And volcanic facies belts can be recognized by using of coherence cube technique.According to the results of well-seismic integrated reservoirs inversion and hydrocarbon detection of attenuation attributes,the relative errors between reservoirs prediction results and new-well is decreased to 17.0%(the average value is 10.2%).The accuracy of hydrocarbon detection is increased to 75%.All above provide foundation for exploration of volcanic gas pools.
引文
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[2]唐华风,王璞珺,姜传金,等.松辽盆地火山岩相地震特征及其与控陷断裂的关系[J].吉林大学学报:地球科学版,2007,37(1):73-78.TANG Hua-feng,WANG Pu-jun,JIANG Chuan-jin,etal.Seismic characters of volcanic facies and theirdistribution relation to deep faults in Songliao basin[J].Journal of Jilin University:Earth Science Edition,2007,37(1):73-78.
[3]蒙启安,门广田,张正和.松辽盆地深层火山岩体、岩相预测方法及应用[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2001,20(3):21-24.MENG Qi-an,MEN Guang-tian,ZHANG Zheng-he.Prediction method and its application of deep volcanicrock body and facies in Songliao basin[J].PetroleumGeology&Oilfield Development in Daqing,2001,20(3):21-24.
[4]唐华风,徐正顺,王璞珺,等.松辽盆地白垩系营城组埋藏火山机构岩相定量模型及储层流动单元特征[J].吉林大学学报:地球科学版,2007,37(6):1074-1082.TANG Hua-feng,XUZheng-shun,WANG Pu-jun,et al.Facies quantitive model and characteristics of reservoirsflow unit of buried volcanic edifice of YingchengFormation in Songliao basin,Cretaceous,NE China[J].Journal of Jilin University:Earth Science Edition,2007,37(6):1074-1082.
[5]王璞珺,冯志强,刘万洙,等.盆地火山岩:岩性.岩相.储层.气藏.勘探[M].北京:科学出版社,2008.WANG Pu-jun,FENG Zhi-qiang,LIU Wan-zhu,et al.Volcanic rocks in basin:lithology,faceis,reservoirs,gaspool,exploration[M].Beijing:Science Press,2008.
[6]王璞珺,迟元林,刘万洙,等.松辽盆地火山岩相:类型、特征和储层意义[J].吉林大学学报:地球科学版,2003,33(4):449-456.WANG Pu-jun,CHI Yuan-lin,LIU Wan-zhu,et al.Volcanic facies of the Songliao basin:classification,characteristics and reservoir significance[J].Journal ofJilin University:Earth Science Edition,2003,33(4):449-456.
[7]王璞珺,吴河勇,庞彦明,等.松辽盆地火山岩相:相序、相模式与储层物性的定量关系[J].吉林大学学报:地球科学版,2006,36(5):805-812.WANG Pu-jun,WU He-yong,PANG Yan-ming,et al.Volcanic facies of the Songliao basin:sequence,modeland the quantitative relationship with porosity&permeability of the volcanic reservoir[J].Journal of JilinUniversity:Earth Science Edition,2006,36(5):805-812.
[8]姜传金,冯肖宇,詹怡捷,等.松辽盆地北部徐家围子断陷火山岩气藏勘探新技术[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2007,26(4):133-137.JIANG Chuan-jin,FENG Xiao-yu,ZHAN Yi-jie,et al.New methodology to explore gas-bearing volcanic reservoirin Xujiaweizi fault depression of the northern Songliaobasin[J].Petroleum Geology&Oilfield Development inDaqing,2007,26(4):133-137.
[9]姜传金,蒋鸿亮,赵福海.微幅度构造与岩性圈闭识别技术及应用[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2005,24(3):19-37.JIANG Chuan-jin,JIANG Hong-liang,ZHAO Fu-hai.Micro-range structure and lithologic traps identificationtechnique and its application[J].Petroleum Geology&Oilfield Development in Daqing,2005,24(3):19-37.
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