南水北调西线第一期工程调水区水压致裂地应力测量及其工程意义
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摘要
本文介绍了水压致裂地应力测量原理和方法及其在南水北调西线工程中的应用。在调水工程沿线测得主应力大小、方向,并分析了其相互关系和分布规律。结果表明现今地壳应力场水平主应力占主导地位,属逆断层状态,且σHmax/σV较大,属于构造影响强烈地区,主压应力方向总体呈NE向,与区域构造线呈锐角相交,是造成区域大多数断裂压扭左行运动的主要动力。进一步分析了深埋隧道发生岩爆灾害的可能性,为南水北调西线工程各引水线路的优化设计和隧道灾害防治提供了可靠资料。
This paper introduces the principle and method of hydrofracturing insitu stress measurement and its applications in the south-north water diversion project of the western line.The magnitude and direction of the principal stress were measured along the line of the water diversion project and their mutual relation and distribution characteristics were analyzed.The results show that horizontal principal stress is dominant in the present crustal stress field,indicating a reversed fault state.Because the(H_(max)/σ_V) value is higher,the tectonic activity in the area is intense.The principal compressional stress is generally northeast-directed and intersects with the regional tectonic line at an acute angle.Therefore,it is the main dynamic force for the transpressional sinistral movement of most regional faults.Moreover,the possibility of rock bursts in the deep tunnels is analyzed.These provide reliable data for the prevention and control of hazards in tunnels and the optimized design of various diversion lines for the south-north water diversion project.
This paper introduces the principle and method of hydrofracturing insitu stress measurement and its applications in the south-north water diversion project of the western line.The magnitude and direction of the principal stress were measured along the line of the water diversion project and their mutual relation and distribution characteristics were analyzed.The results show that horizontal principal stress is dominant in the present crustal stress field,indicating a reversed fault state.Because the(H_(max)/σ_V) value is higher,the tectonic activity in the area is intense.The principal compressional stress is generally northeast-directed and intersects with the regional tectonic line at an acute angle.Therefore,it is the main dynamic force for the transpressional sinistral movement of most regional faults.Moreover,the possibility of rock bursts in the deep tunnels is analyzed.These provide reliable data for the prevention and control of hazards in tunnels and the optimized design of various diversion lines for the south-north water diversion project.
引文
①彭华,南水北调西线第一期工程区地壳稳定性调查研究报告,地质力学研究所,2003。
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[3]王连捷.地应力测量及其在工程中的应用[M].北京:地质出版社,1991.
[4]王连捷,丁原辰,刘琦胜,等.引黄隧洞地应力测量[J].地质力学学报,1996,2(1):62~69.
[5]王连捷,KX-81型空心包体式三轴应力计[C].地质力学文集.北京:地质出版社,1988(8):127~136.
[6]李方全,刘鹏,等.云南丽江县团山水库430m深孔水压致裂地应力测量[A].地壳构造与地壳应力文集[C].北京:地震出版社,85~92.
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[8]E.Hoek,E.T.Brown,岩石地下工程[M].冶金工业出版社,1986.
[9]蔡美峰.地应力测量原理和技术[M].北京:科技出版社,2000.
[10]Hou Faliang,Jia Yuru.The Relations Between Rockburst and Surrounding Rock Stress in Underground Chambers[C].In:Proceedings of the International Symposium Engineering in Complex Rock Formations.Science Press,Beijing,China,1986,11:497~505.
[1]李方全.我国现今地应力状态及有关问题[J].地震学报,1986,8(2):156~171.[2]曾秋生.中国地壳应力状态[M].北京:地震出版社,1990.
[3]王连捷.地应力测量及其在工程中的应用[M].北京:地质出版社,1991.
[4]王连捷,丁原辰,刘琦胜,等.引黄隧洞地应力测量[J].地质力学学报,1996,2(1):62~69.
[5]王连捷,KX-81型空心包体式三轴应力计[C].地质力学文集.北京:地质出版社,1988(8):127~136.
[6]李方全,刘鹏,等.云南丽江县团山水库430m深孔水压致裂地应力测量[A].地壳构造与地壳应力文集[C].北京:地震出版社,85~92.
[7]廖春庭,金川矿区地应力测量与构造应力场研究[M].北京:地质出版社,1985.
[8]E.Hoek,E.T.Brown,岩石地下工程[M].冶金工业出版社,1986.
[9]蔡美峰.地应力测量原理和技术[M].北京:科技出版社,2000.
[10]Hou Faliang,Jia Yuru.The Relations Between Rockburst and Surrounding Rock Stress in Underground Chambers[C].In:Proceedings of the International Symposium Engineering in Complex Rock Formations.Science Press,Beijing,China,1986,11:497~505.
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