中国大陆地壳运动与汶川M_s8.0级地震孕育的关系
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摘要
根据网络工程的GPS站点观测资料,计算相对中国大陆整体1999-2007年的趋势运动速率和2004-2007年的动态运动速率,用青藏亚板块和华南亚板块的参数计算龙门山断裂带的活动参量,研究了中国大陆运动场和其变化,分析了地壳运动场的特征与汶川M_s8级地震的孕育关系.结果揭示出:现今地壳的运动分区与地质新构造单元基本一致,显示现代地壳构造活动是新构造运动的继承和发展;中国大陆地壳运动的动力主要与印度板块、太平洋板块与欧亚板块的相互碰撞俯冲产生的作用力有关.汶川M_S8级地震的发生,主要是由于印度板块对青藏亚板块的向北推挤、产生侧向运动,致使龙门山断裂带遭受挤压产生能量积累所致.2004 -2007年的地壳动态运动,使龙门山断裂带走滑活动加强,从稳定的压应变积累状态转人了剪切作用下的易活动状态.
We calculated the move velocities in Chinese mainland for 1999-2007 years and dynamic move velocities for 2004 - 2007 years according to the data from Crustal Movement Observation Network of China. We calculated the activity parameters of Longmenshan fault zone based on the parameters of Qinghai-Tibet and South China subplates, studied the change of the motion field of Chinese mainland, and analyzed the relations between the characteristics of the motion field of the crust and the Wenchuan M_S 8. 0 earthquake. The mentioned researches revealed that the present-day crustal motion zoning is basically consistent with the geological neotectonic units, indicating that the recent cruatal tectonic activity is the inheritance and development of the neotectonic movement; The dynamic force of crustal motion of Chinese mainland is mainly associated with the action caused by the mutual collision and underthrust of India plate, and Pacific plate to the Eurasia plate. The M_S 8. 0 Wenchuan earthquake is mainly due to the lateral motion caused by the northward pushing of India plate to Qinghai-Xizang subplate, resulting in that Longmenshan fault is compressed to accumulate energy for the M_S 8. 0 Wenchuan earthquake. The crustal dynamic motion in the period of 2004-2007 strengthened the strike slip of Longmenshan fault zone and it transformed from the stable state of compressive strain accumulation to an easy active state under shear force.
We calculated the move velocities in Chinese mainland for 1999-2007 years and dynamic move velocities for 2004 - 2007 years according to the data from Crustal Movement Observation Network of China. We calculated the activity parameters of Longmenshan fault zone based on the parameters of Qinghai-Tibet and South China subplates, studied the change of the motion field of Chinese mainland, and analyzed the relations between the characteristics of the motion field of the crust and the Wenchuan M_S 8. 0 earthquake. The mentioned researches revealed that the present-day crustal motion zoning is basically consistent with the geological neotectonic units, indicating that the recent cruatal tectonic activity is the inheritance and development of the neotectonic movement; The dynamic force of crustal motion of Chinese mainland is mainly associated with the action caused by the mutual collision and underthrust of India plate, and Pacific plate to the Eurasia plate. The M_S 8. 0 Wenchuan earthquake is mainly due to the lateral motion caused by the northward pushing of India plate to Qinghai-Xizang subplate, resulting in that Longmenshan fault is compressed to accumulate energy for the M_S 8. 0 Wenchuan earthquake. The crustal dynamic motion in the period of 2004-2007 strengthened the strike slip of Longmenshan fault zone and it transformed from the stable state of compressive strain accumulation to an easy active state under shear force.
引文
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[8] 周硕愚,吴云,施顺英等.GPS对地震预报的推进和问题研究.大地测量与地球动力学,2006,26(3) :111-117 Zhou S Y, Wu Y,Shi S Y,et al. Researches on problems and propulsion for earthquake prediction by GPS problems. Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics(in Chinese) , 2006,26 (3) :111-117
[9] 郭良迁,张祖胜,李延兴等.昆仑山口西M_s8． 1级地震的形变应变场研究.地球物理学报,2004,47(6) :1068-1075 Guo L Q, Zhang Z S,Li Y X, et al. Research on deformation-strain field associated with M_s8． 1 Kunlunshan earthquake. Chinese J. Geophys. (in Chinese) ,2004,47(6) -1068-1075
[10] 江在森,杨国华,王敏等.中国大陆地壳运动与强震关系研究.大地测量与地球动力学,2006,26(3) :1-9 Jiang Z S, Yang G H, Wang M,et al. On crustal movement in China continent and its relationship with strong earthquakes. Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics(in Chinese) , 2006, 26 (3) :1-9
[11] 李延兴,张静华,何建坤等.由空间大地测量得到的太平洋板块现今构造运动与板内形变应变场.地球物理学报,2007,50(2) :437-447 Li Y X, Zhang J H , He J K,et al. Current-day tectonic motion and intraplate deformation-strain field obtained from space geodesy in the Pacific Plate. Chinese J. Geophys. (in Chinese),2007,50(2) :437-447
[12] 李延兴,徐杰,张静华等.渤海盆地及邻区现今构造运动的基本特征.大地测量与地球动力学,2007,27(6) :1-8 L i Y X , Xu J, Zhang J H, et al. Basic characteristics of presnt-day tectonic movement in Bohai basin and its adjacent areas. Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics (in Chinese), 2007, 27(6) :1-8
[2] 马杏垣主编.中国岩石圈动力学纲要(1:400万中国及邻近海域岩石圈动力学图说明书).北京:地质出版社,1987 Ma X Y, eds. Essentials of Lithosphere Dynamics of China (Specifications for 1:4000000 Lithosphere Dynamics Atlas of China and the Surrounding Coastal Area) (in Chinese). Beijing:Geological Publishing House,1987
[3] 张培震,邓起东,张国民等.中国大陆的强震活动与活动地块.中国科学(D辑),2003,33(增刊):12-20 Zhang P Z,Deng Q D,Zhang G M,et al. Strong earthquakes in China's continent and active block. Science in China (Series D), 2003,33(Suppl.):12-20
[4] 李延兴,李智,张静华等.中国大陆及周边地区的水平应变场.地球物理学报,2004,47(2) :222-231 Li Y X, Li Z,Zhang J H,et al. Horizontal strain field in the Chinese mainland and its surrounding areas. Chinese J. Geophys.(in Chinese), 2004,47(2) :222-231
[5] 江在森,马宗晋,张希等.GPS初步结果揭示的中国大陆水平应变场与构造变形.地球物理学报,2003,46(3) :352-358 Jiang Z S,Ma Z J,Zhang X, et al. Horizontal strain field and tectonic deformation of China mainland revealed by preliminary GPS result. Chinese J. Geophys. (in Chinese), 2003, 46(3) :352-358
[6] 杨国华,李延兴,韩月萍等.由GPS观测结果推导中国大陆现今水平应变场.地震学报,2002,24(4) :337-347 Yang G H, Li Y X,Han Y P,et al. Currenl horizontal strain field in Chinese mainland derived from GPS data. Acta Seismologic Sinica(in Chinese), 2002, 24(4) :337-347
[7] 王琪.中国大陆现今地壳运动研究.地震学报,2003,25(5) :453-464 Wang Q. Current crustal movement in Chinese mainland. Acta Seismologica Sinica(in Chinese), 2003, 25(5) :453-464
[8] 周硕愚,吴云,施顺英等.GPS对地震预报的推进和问题研究.大地测量与地球动力学,2006,26(3) :111-117 Zhou S Y, Wu Y,Shi S Y,et al. Researches on problems and propulsion for earthquake prediction by GPS problems. Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics(in Chinese) , 2006,26 (3) :111-117
[9] 郭良迁,张祖胜,李延兴等.昆仑山口西M_s8． 1级地震的形变应变场研究.地球物理学报,2004,47(6) :1068-1075 Guo L Q, Zhang Z S,Li Y X, et al. Research on deformation-strain field associated with M_s8． 1 Kunlunshan earthquake. Chinese J. Geophys. (in Chinese) ,2004,47(6) -1068-1075
[10] 江在森,杨国华,王敏等.中国大陆地壳运动与强震关系研究.大地测量与地球动力学,2006,26(3) :1-9 Jiang Z S, Yang G H, Wang M,et al. On crustal movement in China continent and its relationship with strong earthquakes. Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics(in Chinese) , 2006, 26 (3) :1-9
[11] 李延兴,张静华,何建坤等.由空间大地测量得到的太平洋板块现今构造运动与板内形变应变场.地球物理学报,2007,50(2) :437-447 Li Y X, Zhang J H , He J K,et al. Current-day tectonic motion and intraplate deformation-strain field obtained from space geodesy in the Pacific Plate. Chinese J. Geophys. (in Chinese),2007,50(2) :437-447
[12] 李延兴,徐杰,张静华等.渤海盆地及邻区现今构造运动的基本特征.大地测量与地球动力学,2007,27(6) :1-8 L i Y X , Xu J, Zhang J H, et al. Basic characteristics of presnt-day tectonic movement in Bohai basin and its adjacent areas. Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics (in Chinese), 2007, 27(6) :1-8
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