基于微结构的黄土震陷本构关系研究
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摘要
黄土是典型的结构性土,其震陷性主要由内部结构和外部荷载共同作用所致。黄土震陷是内部微结构要素在外部荷载作用下不同时空中重组后的集合宏观表现。通过微结构电镜扫描实验获取黄土颗粒和孔隙的分布,应用统计细观损伤力学和结构力学的理论建立黄土震陷的结构损伤模型,解释了黄土震陷的内在破坏机理,并建立了完整的震陷本构关系。表明黄土震陷主要是由其独特的架空孔隙结构破坏和土体颗粒掉入孔隙所致,与其动应力状态和孔隙颗粒分布状态有很大关系。
Loess is a typical structural soil,and its seismic subsidence is mainly due to the internal microstructure and external load.Seismic subsidence of loess is a congregated macroscopical phenomenon of microstructure with the external load in different time and space.The distribution of loess particles and pores is obtained through electron microscope scanning experiments.The structural damage model is established by means of the statistical microscopic damage mechanics and structural mechanics.It explains the inherent damage mechanism of seismic subsidence,and the complete constitutive relation is obtained.The results indicate that the seismic subsidence of loess results from the damage of particular trellis pores and particles falling into trellis pores.It appears that there's a great relation between the seismic subsidence of loess and the dynamic stress and the distribution of particles and pores.
Loess is a typical structural soil,and its seismic subsidence is mainly due to the internal microstructure and external load.Seismic subsidence of loess is a congregated macroscopical phenomenon of microstructure with the external load in different time and space.The distribution of loess particles and pores is obtained through electron microscope scanning experiments.The structural damage model is established by means of the statistical microscopic damage mechanics and structural mechanics.It explains the inherent damage mechanism of seismic subsidence,and the complete constitutive relation is obtained.The results indicate that the seismic subsidence of loess results from the damage of particular trellis pores and particles falling into trellis pores.It appears that there's a great relation between the seismic subsidence of loess and the dynamic stress and the distribution of particles and pores.
引文
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[2]王兰民.黄土动力学[M].北京:地震出版社,2003.(WANG Lan-min.Loess dynamics[M].Beijing:Seismological Press,2003.(in Chinese))
[3]胡再强,沈珠江,谢定义.非饱和黄土的结构性研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2000,19(6):775–779.(HU Zai-qiang,SHEN Zhu-jiang,XIE Ding-yi.Research on structural behaviorof unsaturated loess[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics andEngineering,2000,19(6):775–779.(in Chinese))
[4]邓津,王兰民,张振中.黄土显微结构特征与震陷性[J].岩土工程学报,2007,27(4):542–548.(DENG jin,WANGLan-min,ZHANG Zhen-zhong.Microstructurecharacteristics and seismic subsidence of loess[J].ChineseJournal of Geotechnical Engineering,2007,27(4):542–548.(in Chinese))
[5]胡瑞林,官国琳,李向东,等.黄土压缩变形的微结构效应[J].水文地质工程地质,1998(3):30–34.(HU Rui-lin,GUAN Guo-lin,LI Xiang-dong,et al.Microstructural effectof loess deformation with pressure[J].Hydrogeology andEngineering Geology,1998(3):30–34.(in Chinese))
[6]邵生俊,龙吉勇,于清高,等.湿陷性黄土的结构性参数本构模型[J].水利学报,2006,37(11):1315–1322.(SHAOSheng-jun,LONG Ji-yong,YU Qing-gao,et al.A constitutivemodel of collapsible loess with structural parameter[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2006,37(11):1315–1322.(in Chinese))
[7]苗天德,刘忠玉,任九生.湿陷性黄土的变形机理与本构关系[J].岩土工程学报,1999,21(4):383–387.(MIAOTian-de,LIU Zhong-yu,REN Jiu-sheng.Deformationmechanism and constitutive relation of collapsible loess[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,1999,21(4):383–387.(in Chinese))
[8]沈珠江.结构性黏土的弹塑性损伤模型[J].岩土工程学报,1993,15(3):21–28.(SHEN Zhu-jiang.An eiasto-piasticdamage model for cemented clays[J].Chinese Journal ofGeotechnical engineering,1993,15(3):21–28.(in Chinese))
[9]沈珠江.结构性黏土的堆砌体模型[J].岩土力学,2000,21(1):1–4.(SHEN Zhu-jiang.A masonry model forstructured clays[J].Rock and soil mechanics,2000,21(1):1–4.(in Chinese))
[10]赵锡宏,孙红罗,冠威.损伤土力学[M].上海:同济大学出版社,2002.(ZHAO Xi-hong,SUN Hong-luo,GUANwei.Damage soil mechanics[M].Shanghai:Tongji UniversityPress,2002.(in Chinese))
[11]夏蒙棼,韩闻生,柯孚久,等.统计细观损伤力学和损伤演化诱致突变[J].力学进展,1995,21(1):1–40.(XIAMeng-fen,HAN Wen-sheng,KE Fu-jiu,et al.Statisticalmeso-scoplc damage mechanics and damage evolutioninduced catastrophe[J].Advances in mechanics,1995,21(1):1–40.(in Chinese))
[12]夏蒙棼,韩闻生,柯孚久,等.统计细观损伤力学和损伤演化诱致突变Ⅱ[J].力学进展,1995,25(2):145–172.(XIA Meng-fen,HAN Wen-sheng,KE Fujiu,et al.Statisticalmeso-scoplc damage mechanics and damage evolutioninduced catastrophe(Ⅱ)[J].Advances in mechanics,1995,25(2):145–172.(in Chinese))
[13]GB50025—2004湿陷性黄土地区建筑规范[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社出版,2004.(GB50025—2004Code forbuilding construction in collapsible loess regions[S].Beijing:China Architecture&Building Press,2004.(in Chinese))
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