佛教信仰与地震灾区老年人的心理健康状况
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摘要
目的探讨佛教对震后老年信徒心理健康的影响。方法将216名受灾老年人按照信仰佛教和无宗教信仰分为两组进行协方差分析。两组被试的性别、年龄、婚姻、文化程度等人口学特征完全匹配。结果震后佛教信徒心理健康总分、情绪体验、适应能力的修正均数皆低于无宗教信仰者(F总=7.15,P<0.01;F情绪=11.32,P<0.01;F适应=6.80,P<0.05),抑郁修正均数高于无宗教信仰者(F抑郁=10.64,P<0.01)。结论佛教信仰对震后老年信徒的心理健康有消极影响,信佛者的心理健康水平低于无宗教信仰者。
Objective To detect the effect of Buddhism belief of elderly believers′ mental health status after Wenchuan earthquake.Methods 216 aging survivors were divided into Buddhism-belief and non-belief groups.All people were administered by Chinese mental health inventory.Results There was a significant difference in mental health between the two groups.After the earthquake,the general level of Buddhism-group was lower in Buddhism-belief group than that in non-belief group.Same tendency existed in emotional experience and adapt ability dimensions.The depress score was higher in Buddhism-group believers.Conclusions Aging Buddhism believers show a worse mental health status in the aftermath of Wenchuan earthquake.
Objective To detect the effect of Buddhism belief of elderly believers′ mental health status after Wenchuan earthquake.Methods 216 aging survivors were divided into Buddhism-belief and non-belief groups.All people were administered by Chinese mental health inventory.Results There was a significant difference in mental health between the two groups.After the earthquake,the general level of Buddhism-group was lower in Buddhism-belief group than that in non-belief group.Same tendency existed in emotional experience and adapt ability dimensions.The depress score was higher in Buddhism-group believers.Conclusions Aging Buddhism believers show a worse mental health status in the aftermath of Wenchuan earthquake.
引文
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14 Pargament KL,Magyar-russell GM,Murray-Swank NA.The sacred andthe search for significance:religion as a unique process〔J〕.J Soc Is-sues,2005;61:665-87.
15 McCullough ME,Willoughby BL.Religion,self-regulation and self-con-trol:associations,explanations and implications〔J〕.Psychol Bull,2009;135(1):69-93.
16 Irwin GS,James HJ.Assessing the impact of life changes:development ofthe life experiences survey〔J〕.J Consult Clin Psychol,1978;46(5):932-46.
17麦小宇.民间信仰中的烧头香〔J〕.五台山研究,2008;4:8-12.
18 Breslau N,Kessler RC,Chilcoat HD,et al.Trauma and posttraumaticstress disorder in the community:the 1996 Detroit area survey of trauma〔J〕.Arch Gen Psychiatry,1998;55(7):626-32.
19 Haden SC,Scarpa A,Jones RT.Posttraumatic stress disorder symptomsand injury:the moderating role of perceived social support and coping foryoung adults〔J〕.Pers Ind Differ,2007;42(7):1187-98.
2 Taylor NM.Utilizing religious schemas to cope with mental illness〔J〕.JRelig Health,2001;40(3):383-8.
3 Plant TG,Sharma NK.Religious faith and mental health outcomes.In:Plante TG,Sherman AC.(Eds.)Faith and healing:psychological per-spectives〔M〕.New York:The Guilford Press,2001:240-61.
4 Lazar SW,Bush G,Gollub R,et al.Functional brain mapping of the relax-ation response and meditation〔J〕.Neurol Report,2000;11(7):1581-5.
5 Davidson RJ,Kabatzinn J,Schumacher J,et al.Alterations in brain andimmune function produced by mindfulness meditation〔J〕.PsychosomMed,2003;65:564-70.
6 Fountoulakis KN,Siamouli M,Maqiria S,et al.Late-life depression,religi-osity,cerebrovascular disease,cognitive impairment and attitudes towardsdeath in the elderly:interpreting the data〔J〕.Med Hypotheses,2008;70(3):493-6.
7 Falsetti SA,Resick PA,Davis JL.Changes in religious belief followingtrauma〔J〕.J Trauma Stress,2003;16(4):391-8.
8 Smith TB,McCullough ME,Poll J.Religiousness and depression:evidencefor a main effect and the moderating influence of stressful life events〔J〕.Psychol Bull,2003;129(4):614-36.
9汪向东.心理卫生评定手册〔M〕.北京:中国心理卫生杂志出版社(增订版),1999:86-8.
10刘俊明.佛教文化中的心理卫生与心理健康思想初探〔J〕.湖北成人教育学院学报,2007;13(4):69-70.
11严冬.佛家的禅定与心理健康〔J〕.宗教与文化,1997;1:41-2.
12黄国胜.佛教与心理卫生〔J〕.临床心理学杂志,1998;6(3):337-9.
13 Stone HW,Cross DR,Purvis KB,et al.A study of the benefit of socialand religious support on church members during times of crisis〔J〕.Pastoral Psychol,2003;51(4):327-40.
14 Pargament KL,Magyar-russell GM,Murray-Swank NA.The sacred andthe search for significance:religion as a unique process〔J〕.J Soc Is-sues,2005;61:665-87.
15 McCullough ME,Willoughby BL.Religion,self-regulation and self-con-trol:associations,explanations and implications〔J〕.Psychol Bull,2009;135(1):69-93.
16 Irwin GS,James HJ.Assessing the impact of life changes:development ofthe life experiences survey〔J〕.J Consult Clin Psychol,1978;46(5):932-46.
17麦小宇.民间信仰中的烧头香〔J〕.五台山研究,2008;4:8-12.
18 Breslau N,Kessler RC,Chilcoat HD,et al.Trauma and posttraumaticstress disorder in the community:the 1996 Detroit area survey of trauma〔J〕.Arch Gen Psychiatry,1998;55(7):626-32.
19 Haden SC,Scarpa A,Jones RT.Posttraumatic stress disorder symptomsand injury:the moderating role of perceived social support and coping foryoung adults〔J〕.Pers Ind Differ,2007;42(7):1187-98.
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