城市建筑物抗震能力评估方法
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摘要
由于建筑物震害预测方法只能估计建筑物的破坏而不能评定建筑物的抗震能力,基于对城市建筑物潜在破坏的估计,提出了城市建筑物抗震能力的评估方法。影响城市建筑物抗震能力的因素包括城市所处的地震危险性环境和城市建筑物的易损性。为了考虑地震危险性因素,进行了以地面峰值加速度(PGA)为参数的地震危险性分析,提出了我国不同地震危险性特征分区的PGA概率密度函数;为了考虑建筑物的易损性因素,采用HAZUS-MH中的静力弹塑性分析(push-over anal-ysis)方法研究群体建筑物易损性。通过对这两个因素的研究,建立了城市建筑物抗震能力评估方法,提出的相对全概率抗震能力指数可以反映城市建筑物在其所在的地震危险性环境下所具有的抗震能力,而采用绝对全概率抗震能力指数能够比较不同建筑抗震能力的差异,再结合建筑物抗震能力评估标准,可确定抗震能力水平。以晋江市抽样建筑物抗震能力评估为例,结合震害经验,论证了该方法的有效性。
Because methods for predicting seismic damage only show building damage,however,cannot estimate seismic capacity of buildings,this paper proposes a methodology for estimating seismic capacity of city building through the assessment of city building potential damage.The factors that influence seismic capacity of city building include seismic hazard environment and building vulnerability.The seismic hazard analysis of peak ground motion(PGA) was given to provide the probability density function of PGA in Chinese different seismic hazard characteristic zones for the seismic hazard factor,and the push-over analysis method in HAZUS-MH was used to analyze the group building vulnerability for the vulnerability factor.Based on studies of the two factors,the methodology for estimating seismic capacity of city building was built.The relative full probability seismic capacity index can reflect the seismic capacity of city building in a particular seismic hazard environment.The absolute full probability seismic capacity index can compare the difference of seismic capacity between different buildings.The seismic capacity level can be got with the criterion of seismic capacity assessment.Finally,the seismic capacity of sampling buildings in Jinjiang City was estimated to verify the validity of the methodology with the seismic survey.
Because methods for predicting seismic damage only show building damage,however,cannot estimate seismic capacity of buildings,this paper proposes a methodology for estimating seismic capacity of city building through the assessment of city building potential damage.The factors that influence seismic capacity of city building include seismic hazard environment and building vulnerability.The seismic hazard analysis of peak ground motion(PGA) was given to provide the probability density function of PGA in Chinese different seismic hazard characteristic zones for the seismic hazard factor,and the push-over analysis method in HAZUS-MH was used to analyze the group building vulnerability for the vulnerability factor.Based on studies of the two factors,the methodology for estimating seismic capacity of city building was built.The relative full probability seismic capacity index can reflect the seismic capacity of city building in a particular seismic hazard environment.The absolute full probability seismic capacity index can compare the difference of seismic capacity between different buildings.The seismic capacity level can be got with the criterion of seismic capacity assessment.Finally,the seismic capacity of sampling buildings in Jinjiang City was estimated to verify the validity of the methodology with the seismic survey.
引文
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[14]高小旺,鲍霭斌.地震作用的概率模型及其统计参数[J].地震工程与工程振动,1985,5(1):13-22.
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[16]张敏政.汶川地震中都江堰市的房屋震害[J].地震工程与工程振动,2008,28(3):1-6.
[17]欧进萍,何政,吴斌,邱法维.钢筋混凝土结构基于地震损伤性能的设计[J].地震工程与工程振动,1999,19(1):21-30.
[18]杨仁孟.框架结构的地震易损性分析方法的研究[D].哈尔滨:中国地震局工程力学研究所,2006.
[19]李杰.震害预测仿真系统研究(三)-仿真优化方法[J].郑州工学院学报,1992,13(2):34-38.
[2]中国地震局工程力学研究所.福建省晋江市城区地震灾害预测与信息管理系统[M].哈尔滨:中国地震局工程力学研究所,2004.
[3]尹之潜.震害与地震损失的估计方法[J].地震工程与工程振动,1990,10(1):99-108.
[4]冯启民,王华娟.群体建筑物地震破坏概率模型研究[J].地震工程与工程振动,2007,27(4):24-29
[5]Ajay Singhal,Anne S.Kiremidjian.Method for Probabilistic Evaluation of Seismic Structural Damage[J].Journal of Structural Engineering,1996,122(12):1459-1467.
[6]Howard H M Hwang,EERI M,Huijie Lin,et al.Seismic Performance Evaluation of Fire Stations in Shelby Country,Tennessee[J].Journal ofEarthquake Spectra,1997,13(4):759-771.
[7]Charles A Kircher,et al.Development of Building Damage Functions for Earthquake Loss Estimation[J].Journal of Earthquake Spectra,1997,13(4):663-681.
[8]孙新,王铁红.UBC规范与《建筑抗震设计规范》地震荷载转换方法[J].化工设计,2007,17(4):66-68.
[9]Federal Emergency Management Agency(FEMA),National Institute of Building Sciences(NIBS)et al.HAZUS-MH MR3 Technical Manual[C].Washington,D.C.,2003,www.fema.gov/hazus.
[10]BerteroV.Performance-based seismic engineering:A critical review of proposed guidelines[C]//Seismic Design Methodologies for the NextGeneration of Codes.In:Fajfar P,Krawinlder H,edition.Rotterdam:AA Balkemma,1997,1-31.
[11]鲍霭斌,董伟民.地震危险性分析[J].地震工程动态,1982,(2):32-36.
[12]李亚琦.中国地震危险性特征区划[D].哈尔滨:中国地震局工程力学研究所,1999.
[13]ALLIN C CORNELL.Engineering Seismic Risk Analysis[J].Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,1968,58(5):1583-1606.
[14]高小旺,鲍霭斌.地震作用的概率模型及其统计参数[J].地震工程与工程振动,1985,5(1):13-22.
[15]马玉宏.基于性态的抗震设防标准研究[D].哈尔滨:中国地震局工程力学研究所,2000.
[16]张敏政.汶川地震中都江堰市的房屋震害[J].地震工程与工程振动,2008,28(3):1-6.
[17]欧进萍,何政,吴斌,邱法维.钢筋混凝土结构基于地震损伤性能的设计[J].地震工程与工程振动,1999,19(1):21-30.
[18]杨仁孟.框架结构的地震易损性分析方法的研究[D].哈尔滨:中国地震局工程力学研究所,2006.
[19]李杰.震害预测仿真系统研究(三)-仿真优化方法[J].郑州工学院学报,1992,13(2):34-38.
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