隧道洞口段的抗震设防长度
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摘要
运用Newmark隐式时间积分有限元法并采用粘-弹性人工边界,进行了隧道三维地震反应分析。在不同的围岩材料、衬砌类型情况下,分析了隧道洞口段衬砌应力和位移沿隧道轴线方向的变化规律以及采取注浆加固围岩方法的减震效果。计算结果表明:抗震设防长度主要与洞口段围岩性质有关,洞口段松软、破碎的围岩越长,隧道的设防长度就越长;隧道的断面形式以及洞口段临空面的存在与隧道的设防长度关系不大;在地震荷载作用下,洞口段隧道衬砌产生了很大的轴向应力;可采用注浆加固洞口段围岩的方法减小洞口段衬砌的应力和位移。
Based on Newmark's step-by-step implicit integration method,3-D seismic responses of tunnels were performed by using viscous-spring artificial boundary.The orderliness of stresses and displacements in the liner along the axial direction of the tunnel were analyzed under various type tunnel liner and multiform conditions of surrounding rock.The effects of shock absorption measure reinforcing surrounding rock were studied.The results show that the anti-seismic fortified length in tunnel outlet mainly relates with conditions of surrounding rock.The longer of the weak and fragmental surrounding rock,the longer of reinforced liner in tunnel outlet.It is not impressible between strengthened length and the shape of tunnel and empty surface in tunnel outlet.The big axial stresses in liner were brought under the seism.The stresses in the lining of the tunnel were decreased when the method of reinforcing surrounding rock was used.The results provide references for the anti-seismic tunnel design.
Based on Newmark's step-by-step implicit integration method,3-D seismic responses of tunnels were performed by using viscous-spring artificial boundary.The orderliness of stresses and displacements in the liner along the axial direction of the tunnel were analyzed under various type tunnel liner and multiform conditions of surrounding rock.The effects of shock absorption measure reinforcing surrounding rock were studied.The results show that the anti-seismic fortified length in tunnel outlet mainly relates with conditions of surrounding rock.The longer of the weak and fragmental surrounding rock,the longer of reinforced liner in tunnel outlet.It is not impressible between strengthened length and the shape of tunnel and empty surface in tunnel outlet.The big axial stresses in liner were brought under the seism.The stresses in the lining of the tunnel were decreased when the method of reinforcing surrounding rock was used.The results provide references for the anti-seismic tunnel design.
引文
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[3]杨小礼,李亮,刘宝琛.强震作用下交通隧道的拟静态反应[J].中国公路学报,2001,14(4):55-58.YANG Xiao-li,LI Liang,LIU Bao-chen.Response ofTransportation Tunnels Due to Strong Earthquake[J].China Journal of Highway and Transport,2001,14(4):55-58.
[4]OWEN D R J,HINTON E.Finite Elements in Plas-ticity,Theory and Practice[M].Swansea:PineridgePross Limited,1980.
[5]潘昌实.隧道力学数值方法[M].北京:中国铁道出版社,1995.PAN Chang-shi.Tunnel Mechanics Numerical Meth-od[M].Beijing:China Railway Publishing House,1995.
[6]于泳波,万振江,刘健新.减震技术在公路桥梁中的应用及地震反应分析[J].长安大学学报:自然科学版,2004,24(2):58-60.YU Yong-bo,WAN Zhen-jiang,LIU Jian-xin.SeismicReduction Design for Highway Bridge and SeismicResponse[J].Journal of Chang an University:NaturalScience Edition,2004,24(2):58-60.
[7]沈聚敏,周锡元,高小旺,等.抗震工程学[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2000.SHEN Ju-min,ZHOU Xi-yuan,GAO Xiao-wang,et al.Seismic Engineering[M].Beijing:China Archi-tecture&Building Press,2000.
[8]廖振鹏.工程波动导引[M].北京:科学出版社,1996.LIAO Zhen-peng.Engineering Fluctuation Guide[M].Beijing:Science Press,1996.
[9]LYSMER J,KULEMEYER R L.Finite Dynamic Modelfor Infinite Media[J].Journal of Engineering MechanicsDivision,ASCE,1969,95(4):759-877.
[10]毛成,邱延峻.结构层模量对路面力学响应影响的三维数值分析[J].交通运输工程学报,2003,3(1):35-39.MAO Cheng,QIU Yan-jun.3-D Numerical Analysisof Influence of Layer Modulus on Structural Respon-ses of Asphalt Pavements[J].Journal of Traffic andTransportation Engineering,2003,3(1):35-39.
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