基于GIS的震后消防扑救仿真
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摘要
震后消防扑救具有行动延迟和扑救效率低的特性。针对这两方面的特性,分别构建了震后消防扑救过程模型和震后消防扑救效率模型。其中,前者是依据消防扑救流程,利用地震背景下行动耗时来衡量震后消防扑救延迟;后者则是利用震后消防力量与火灾蔓延状况的对比来衡量消防扑救效率。此外,还构建了基于GIS的城市震后消防扑救仿真系统,并以厦门市本岛为示范区进行了模拟。实例表明,该仿真系统将在优化城市震后消防扑救行动方面发挥重要作用。
Post-earthquake fire fighting has two special characters, i.e. time delay and lower efficiency. As for these two special characters, the authors proposed the post-earthquake firefighting activity model and the efficiency modelof post-earthquake firefighting respectively. The former usestime intervals to evaluate time delay in firefighting activitiesafter earthquake, and the latter is to evaluate the efficiency offirefighting based on the comparison between firefightingcapabilities and fire-spread situation. Developed a GIS-basedsimulation system of post-earthquake firefighting and usedXiamen Island as a case to do a real simulation. From thesimulation, it is clear that the simulation system will play animportant role in the optimization of firefighting activities afterearthquake disaster.
Post-earthquake fire fighting has two special characters, i.e. time delay and lower efficiency. As for these two special characters, the authors proposed the post-earthquake firefighting activity model and the efficiency modelof post-earthquake firefighting respectively. The former usestime intervals to evaluate time delay in firefighting activitiesafter earthquake, and the latter is to evaluate the efficiency offirefighting based on the comparison between firefightingcapabilities and fire-spread situation. Developed a GIS-basedsimulation system of post-earthquake firefighting and usedXiamen Island as a case to do a real simulation. From thesimulation, it is clear that the simulation system will play animportant role in the optimization of firefighting activities afterearthquake disaster.
引文
[1]曹秀丽.城市地震火灾危害及预防对策[J].城市与减灾,2002,(6):28-29.
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[3]Federal emergency management agency.HAZUS99User's and Technical Manuals,1999.
[4]宋健学,李杰.震后城市交通系统连通性模拟[J].自然灾害学报,1996,1(5):73-78.
[5]严蔚敏,吴伟民.数据结构[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1998.
[6]崔守金.火场供水[M].北京:中国人民公安大学出版社,2001.
[7]李杰,等.生命线工程抗震—基础理论与应用[M].北京:科学出版社,2005.
[8]谢旭阳,任爱珠.城市地震次生火灾蔓延模拟系统[J].消防科学与技术,2003,22(6):36-38.
[2]李杰,宋健学.地震灾场的模拟与模拟控制问题研究(I)地震灾场模拟[J].地震工程与工程振动,1996,2(16):48-53.
[3]Federal emergency management agency.HAZUS99User's and Technical Manuals,1999.
[4]宋健学,李杰.震后城市交通系统连通性模拟[J].自然灾害学报,1996,1(5):73-78.
[5]严蔚敏,吴伟民.数据结构[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1998.
[6]崔守金.火场供水[M].北京:中国人民公安大学出版社,2001.
[7]李杰,等.生命线工程抗震—基础理论与应用[M].北京:科学出版社,2005.
[8]谢旭阳,任爱珠.城市地震次生火灾蔓延模拟系统[J].消防科学与技术,2003,22(6):36-38.
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