2001年昆仑山口西M_S8.1地震最大位移讨论
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摘要
最大位移是认识地震破裂机理和断层未来地震危险性的最重要参数之一。对 2 0 0 1年 11月 14日发生的昆仑山口西 8 1级地震地表破裂带最大位移的调查有多种结果。通过野外调查发现 ,本次地震地表最大同震水平位移 6 4± 1 4m ,位于库赛湖东北 (93 2 2 6 6°E ,35 7779°N) ,最大垂直位移 5 2± 0 2m ,与水平位移分布基本一致。影响本次地震地表破裂带地表位移测量的因素很多 ,其中断裂带多期活动、地震地表破裂带构造形式复杂 ,以及特殊的冰川冻土区地貌位移标志是主要因素。
Maximum co-seismic displacement is one of the most important parameter to understand earthquake rupture mechanism and evaluate fault earthquake risk. As the result of field investigation carried out by different scholars, there were several resolutions about the maximum co-seismic displacement of the west Kunlun Mountains Pass earthquake (M S 8.1). Through entire field investigation, the authors gained the maximum left-lateral displacement that reached 6.4±1.4m, the error of 1.4m is caused by the irregular shape of target channel. The site of which locates at the northeast Hohsaihu Lake (93.2266°E, 35.7779°N). Maximum vertical displacement reached 5.2±0.2m, the location of which is basically concord with the horizontal maximum displacement. Many factors, which affect measurement result of the displacement, come from many aspects, for instance, repeat movement of the east Kunlun fault zone since late Quaternary, varied structure forms of the earthquake surface rupture zone and special topographical forms for displacement measuring in glacier and frozen earth area are the most important causes.
Maximum co-seismic displacement is one of the most important parameter to understand earthquake rupture mechanism and evaluate fault earthquake risk. As the result of field investigation carried out by different scholars, there were several resolutions about the maximum co-seismic displacement of the west Kunlun Mountains Pass earthquake (M S 8.1). Through entire field investigation, the authors gained the maximum left-lateral displacement that reached 6.4±1.4m, the error of 1.4m is caused by the irregular shape of target channel. The site of which locates at the northeast Hohsaihu Lake (93.2266°E, 35.7779°N). Maximum vertical displacement reached 5.2±0.2m, the location of which is basically concord with the horizontal maximum displacement. Many factors, which affect measurement result of the displacement, come from many aspects, for instance, repeat movement of the east Kunlun fault zone since late Quaternary, varied structure forms of the earthquake surface rupture zone and special topographical forms for displacement measuring in glacier and frozen earth area are the most important causes.
引文
①单新建、柳家航、马超,2004,利用差分干涉雷达测量技术(D INSAR)提取2001年昆仑山口西81级地震同震形变场特征,地震学报(待刊)。
青海省地震局、中国地震局地壳应力研究所,1999,东昆仑活动断裂带,89～126,北京:地震出版社。
任金卫、汪一鹏、吴章明等,青藏高原北部东昆仑断裂带第四纪活动特征和滑动速率,1999,中国地震局地质研究所编,活动断裂研究(7),147～163,北京:地震出版社。
吴章明、邓起东,1989,地震地表破裂位移测量的一种方法,中国地震,5(3),49～54。
徐锡伟、陈文斌、于贵华等,2002,2001年11月14日昆仑山库赛湖地震(MS81)地表破裂带的基本特征,地震地质,24(1),1～13。
KiddS .F .,PeterMolnar,1988,Quaternaryandactivefaultingobservedonthe1985AcademiaSinicaRoyalSocietyGeotraverseofTibet,Phil.Trans.R .Soc.Lond.A ,327,337～363.
LinAiming,FuBihong,GuoJianming,etal.,2002.CoSeismicStrikeSlipandRuptureLengthProducedbythe2001MS81CentralKunlunEarthquake,SCIENCE ,296(14).
XuXiwei,ChenWenbin,MaWentao,etal.,2002,SurfaceRuptureoftheKunlunEarthquake(MS8.1),NorthTibeitanPlateau,China.SeismologicalResearchLetter,73(6),884～892.
青海省地震局、中国地震局地壳应力研究所,1999,东昆仑活动断裂带,89～126,北京:地震出版社。
任金卫、汪一鹏、吴章明等,青藏高原北部东昆仑断裂带第四纪活动特征和滑动速率,1999,中国地震局地质研究所编,活动断裂研究(7),147～163,北京:地震出版社。
吴章明、邓起东,1989,地震地表破裂位移测量的一种方法,中国地震,5(3),49～54。
徐锡伟、陈文斌、于贵华等,2002,2001年11月14日昆仑山库赛湖地震(MS81)地表破裂带的基本特征,地震地质,24(1),1～13。
KiddS .F .,PeterMolnar,1988,Quaternaryandactivefaultingobservedonthe1985AcademiaSinicaRoyalSocietyGeotraverseofTibet,Phil.Trans.R .Soc.Lond.A ,327,337～363.
LinAiming,FuBihong,GuoJianming,etal.,2002.CoSeismicStrikeSlipandRuptureLengthProducedbythe2001MS81CentralKunlunEarthquake,SCIENCE ,296(14).
XuXiwei,ChenWenbin,MaWentao,etal.,2002,SurfaceRuptureoftheKunlunEarthquake(MS8.1),NorthTibeitanPlateau,China.SeismologicalResearchLetter,73(6),884～892.
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