二连探区可控震源激发优化技术
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摘要
二连探区主要凹陷勘探程度较高,构造油气藏大多已经发现并落实。随着油气勘探的深入,目前已进入隐蔽性岩性地层油气藏勘探阶段,要求地震资料具有较高的信噪比、分辨率、主频和频宽。二连探区勘探目的层相对较浅,但地表类型复杂,大部分地区沙化,激发接收条件差,高频信号衰减严重,提高资料的频宽和主频既有有利的一面,也有极大的难度。自2003年起在二连探区开始探索应用可控震源模拟变频扫描技术和基于高密度空间采样的可控震源震次拆分技术,在一定程度上提高了新采集资料的主频和频宽,尤其中深层和层间弱反射成像得到了很大改善,取得了较为满意的地质效果。依据新资料已发现多个隐蔽性岩性油气藏,也为有利区块的二次采集打下了基础。
The exploration degree is high in the main sags of the Erlian exploration area,and most of the structural hydrocarbon reservoirs have been discovered and implemented.Now the exploration has been conducted in subtle lithologic and stratigraphic oil and gas reservoirs.So the seismic data are required to be with higher signal-to-noise ratio,higher resolution,higher internal frequency and band width.The exploration targets are shallow in the area,but the surface types are complicated,the land desertification is severe in most of the area,the shooting and receiving conditions are poor,and the high-frequency signals degrade severely.So it is either favorable or extremely difficult to increase the band width and the internal frequency of the seismic data.The study on the application of simulating techniques of variable-frequency scanning by vibroseis and the shock separating techniques of vibroseis based on high-density spatial sampling has been conducted in the area since 2003.It to certain extent increases the internal frequency and band width of newly acquired data.In particular,the weak reflection imaging in mid-deep layers and between layers is greatly improved.Good geological results are obtained.Based on the newly acquired data,many subtle lithologic hydrocarbon reservoirs have been discovered,laying a solid foundation for the secondary acquisition in blocks favorable for exploration.
The exploration degree is high in the main sags of the Erlian exploration area,and most of the structural hydrocarbon reservoirs have been discovered and implemented.Now the exploration has been conducted in subtle lithologic and stratigraphic oil and gas reservoirs.So the seismic data are required to be with higher signal-to-noise ratio,higher resolution,higher internal frequency and band width.The exploration targets are shallow in the area,but the surface types are complicated,the land desertification is severe in most of the area,the shooting and receiving conditions are poor,and the high-frequency signals degrade severely.So it is either favorable or extremely difficult to increase the band width and the internal frequency of the seismic data.The study on the application of simulating techniques of variable-frequency scanning by vibroseis and the shock separating techniques of vibroseis based on high-density spatial sampling has been conducted in the area since 2003.It to certain extent increases the internal frequency and band width of newly acquired data.In particular,the weak reflection imaging in mid-deep layers and between layers is greatly improved.Good geological results are obtained.Based on the newly acquired data,many subtle lithologic hydrocarbon reservoirs have been discovered,laying a solid foundation for the secondary acquisition in blocks favorable for exploration.
引文
[1]谢里夫．地震勘探学[M]．北京：石油工业出版社，1999．
[2]李庆忠．走向精确勘探的道路[M]．北京：石油工业出版社，1993．
[2]李庆忠．走向精确勘探的道路[M]．北京：石油工业出版社，1993．
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