高拱坝强震开裂与配筋效果研究
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摘要
本文基于混凝土塑性损伤理论,引入配筋混凝土断裂能加权计算方法,采用组合式钢筋混凝土模型和等效裂缝宽度的概念,提出了一种拱坝坝面配筋混凝土在动力荷载下的等效开裂计算模型,对高拱坝进行了梁向配筋的抗震效果分析。该模型应用于大岗山工程210m高的双曲拱坝的开裂计算,结果表明,尽管坝面配筋无助于防止混凝土裂缝的发生,但能够较有效地控制坝体裂缝的扩展,限制裂缝宽度,对提高坝体整体性与减小横缝开度具有一定的效果。
An equivalent crack model of reinforced concrete for strengthened arch dams under dynamic loading conditions is presented.The model is based on the plastic damage theory and the composed model of reinforced concrete.The weighted method for fracture energy contribution of pure concrete and reinforcement effect as well as the calculation scheme for analysis of equivalent crack opening are adopted. The study demonstrates that although the reinforcements in arch dams cannot prevent cracks from initiation,it is capable of controlling the development and extension of cracks and reducing the width of crack.Meanwhile,the openings of contraction joints can be significantly reduced.
An equivalent crack model of reinforced concrete for strengthened arch dams under dynamic loading conditions is presented.The model is based on the plastic damage theory and the composed model of reinforced concrete.The weighted method for fracture energy contribution of pure concrete and reinforcement effect as well as the calculation scheme for analysis of equivalent crack opening are adopted. The study demonstrates that although the reinforcements in arch dams cannot prevent cracks from initiation,it is capable of controlling the development and extension of cracks and reducing the width of crack.Meanwhile,the openings of contraction joints can be significantly reduced.
引文
[1]Fenves G L,Mojtahedi S,Peimer R B.Effect of contraction joints on earthquake response of an arch dam[J].Journal ofStructural Engineering,1992,118(4):1039-1055.
[2]Lau D T,Noruziaan B,Razaqpur A G.Modelling of contraction joint and shear sliding effects on earthquake response ofarch dam[J].Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics,1998,27:1013-1029.
[3]涂劲,陈厚群,杜修力.高拱坝非线性地震反应分析中横缝模拟方案研究[J].水力发电学报,2001,73(2):19-25.
[4]龙渝川,周元德,张楚汉.基于两类横缝接触模型的拱坝非线性动力响应研究[J].水利学报,2005,36(9):1094-1099.
[5]Zhang Chuhan,Xu Yanjie,Wang Guanglun,Jin Feng.Non-linear seismic response of arch dams with contractionjointopening and joint reinforcements[J].Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics,2000,29:1547-1566.
[6]陈观福,徐艳杰,张楚汉.强震区高拱坝横缝配筋抗震措施[J].清华大学学报,2003,43(2):266-269.
[7]Faria R,Olive J,Cervera M.Modeling material failure in concrete structures under oyclic actions[J].Journal ofStructural Engineering,2004,130(12):1997-2005.
[8]林皋,陈健云,肖诗云.混凝土的动力特性与拱坝的非线性地震响应[J].水利学报,2003,(6):30-36.
[9]Lee J,Fenves L G.Plastic-damage model for cyclic loading of concrete structures[J].Journal of EngineeringMechanics,1998,124(3):892-900.
[10]Maekawa K,An Xuehui Shear failure and ductility of RC columns after yielding of main reinforcement[J].EngineeringFracture Mechanics,2000,65:335-368.
[11]吴智敏,黄承逵,赵国藩.大尺寸混凝土试件的断裂能[J].大连理工大学学报,1996,36(6):782-784.
[12]Salem H,Maekawa K.Spatially averaged tensile mechanics for cracked concrete and reinforcement in highly inelasticrange[J].Concrete Library of JSCE,1999,34:151-169.
[13]Maekawa K,P imanmas A,Okamura H.Nonlinear Mechanics of Reinforced Concrete[M].London,Spon Press,2003.618-633.
[14]潘坚文,王进廷,张楚汉.超强地震作用下拱坝的损伤开裂分析[J].水利学报,2007,38(2):143-149.
[2]Lau D T,Noruziaan B,Razaqpur A G.Modelling of contraction joint and shear sliding effects on earthquake response ofarch dam[J].Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics,1998,27:1013-1029.
[3]涂劲,陈厚群,杜修力.高拱坝非线性地震反应分析中横缝模拟方案研究[J].水力发电学报,2001,73(2):19-25.
[4]龙渝川,周元德,张楚汉.基于两类横缝接触模型的拱坝非线性动力响应研究[J].水利学报,2005,36(9):1094-1099.
[5]Zhang Chuhan,Xu Yanjie,Wang Guanglun,Jin Feng.Non-linear seismic response of arch dams with contractionjointopening and joint reinforcements[J].Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics,2000,29:1547-1566.
[6]陈观福,徐艳杰,张楚汉.强震区高拱坝横缝配筋抗震措施[J].清华大学学报,2003,43(2):266-269.
[7]Faria R,Olive J,Cervera M.Modeling material failure in concrete structures under oyclic actions[J].Journal ofStructural Engineering,2004,130(12):1997-2005.
[8]林皋,陈健云,肖诗云.混凝土的动力特性与拱坝的非线性地震响应[J].水利学报,2003,(6):30-36.
[9]Lee J,Fenves L G.Plastic-damage model for cyclic loading of concrete structures[J].Journal of EngineeringMechanics,1998,124(3):892-900.
[10]Maekawa K,An Xuehui Shear failure and ductility of RC columns after yielding of main reinforcement[J].EngineeringFracture Mechanics,2000,65:335-368.
[11]吴智敏,黄承逵,赵国藩.大尺寸混凝土试件的断裂能[J].大连理工大学学报,1996,36(6):782-784.
[12]Salem H,Maekawa K.Spatially averaged tensile mechanics for cracked concrete and reinforcement in highly inelasticrange[J].Concrete Library of JSCE,1999,34:151-169.
[13]Maekawa K,P imanmas A,Okamura H.Nonlinear Mechanics of Reinforced Concrete[M].London,Spon Press,2003.618-633.
[14]潘坚文,王进廷,张楚汉.超强地震作用下拱坝的损伤开裂分析[J].水利学报,2007,38(2):143-149.
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