地层异常高压形成机理的研究
|
摘要
通过对地层中各种不同异常高压形成机理的系统分析 ,认为不同的异常高压形成机理具有不同的作用对象和作用范围 ,不均衡压实、构造挤压、生烃增压和流体热膨胀增压是异常高压形成的主要机理 .不均衡压实增压主要在泥岩或大套泥岩内砂岩中有作用 ,生烃增压则主要发生于成熟—高成熟的烃源岩中 ,流体热膨胀增压主要发生于封闭体系中 ,三者具有一定的普遍性 .构造挤压作用增压主要发生于压性盆地中 ,在前陆盆地山前带具有普遍意义 .流体密度差增压主要发生于油气藏范围 ,主要产生局部异常高压 .矿物成岩作用引起的超压主要发生于储层中 ,仅是辅助的异常高压形成机理 .水压头对某些盆地的超压形成有一定作用 ,缺乏普遍性 .渗透作用对超压意义不大 .实际的含油气盆地中 ,往往是某一种或几种成因占主导地位 ,而其他成因基本不起作用或作用不明显 .所以 ,必须具体盆地具体分析
The mechanisms of forming abnormal high-pressure are systematically analyzed. It is held that various abnormal high-pressure forming mechanisms have special acting objects and acting ranges. Disequilibrium compaction pressure-boosting, structure extrusion pressure-boosting, hydrocarbon generating pressure-boosting and liquid thermal-expansion pressure-boosting are the main mechanisms of forming abnormal high-pressure. Disequilibrium compaction pressure-boosting mainly takes place in mudstone and the sandstone within mudstone; hydrocarbon-generating pressure-boosting mainly takes place in mature and high-mature hydrocarbon source rock; liquid thermal-expansion pressure-boosting takes place mainly in closed systems. The three pressure-boosting mechanisms have universality. Structure extrusion pressure-boosting takes place in compressional basins, specially in foreland basins. Fluid density-difference pressure-boosting mainly takes place in oil/gas reservoirs, but it is an assistant high-pressure forming mechanism. Water pressure-head pressure-boosting has a certain effect on the formation of abnormal pressure of some basins, which has not universality. The pressure-boosting caused by permeation osmosis is generally less. Generally, several pressure-boosting mechanisms have the action on oil-bearing basins, whereas other mechanisms have little or not action.
The mechanisms of forming abnormal high-pressure are systematically analyzed. It is held that various abnormal high-pressure forming mechanisms have special acting objects and acting ranges. Disequilibrium compaction pressure-boosting, structure extrusion pressure-boosting, hydrocarbon generating pressure-boosting and liquid thermal-expansion pressure-boosting are the main mechanisms of forming abnormal high-pressure. Disequilibrium compaction pressure-boosting mainly takes place in mudstone and the sandstone within mudstone; hydrocarbon-generating pressure-boosting mainly takes place in mature and high-mature hydrocarbon source rock; liquid thermal-expansion pressure-boosting takes place mainly in closed systems. The three pressure-boosting mechanisms have universality. Structure extrusion pressure-boosting takes place in compressional basins, specially in foreland basins. Fluid density-difference pressure-boosting mainly takes place in oil/gas reservoirs, but it is an assistant high-pressure forming mechanism. Water pressure-head pressure-boosting has a certain effect on the formation of abnormal pressure of some basins, which has not universality. The pressure-boosting caused by permeation osmosis is generally less. Generally, several pressure-boosting mechanisms have the action on oil-bearing basins, whereas other mechanisms have little or not action.
引文
[1] 马起富,陈思忠,张启明,等.超压盆地与油气分布[M ].北京:地质出版社,2000.124.
[2] DickinsonG .GeologicalaspectsofabnormalreservoirpressuresinGulfCoast,Louisiana[J].AAPGBulletin,1953,37:410432.
[3] 付广,薛永超,杨勉.异常孔隙流体压力的成因及其贡献探讨[J].海相油气地质,1999,4(4):4650.
[4] 杜翔,郑洪印,焦秀琼.异常压力与油气分布[J].地学前缘,1995,2(3):137147.
[5] 李兰斌,孙家振,陈文礼,等.舞阳盐湖盆地地层压力特征与成因机理[J].石油实验地质,2000,22(3):265269.
[6] 刘斌,贝东,王菁.四川盆地西北部陆相地层异常高压的形成与演化[J].天然气工业,1995,15(3):812.
[7] 张启明,董伟良.中含油气盆地中的超压体系[J].石油学报,2000,21(6):111.
[8] 沈平.川东地区石炭系压力场分区及气水界面预测[J].天然气工业,1994,1(4):2527.
[9] 王连进,叶加仁.沉积盆地超压形成机制评述[J].石油与天然气地质,2001,22(1):1720.
[10] RichardE .Swarbrick,MarkJ,Abnormalpressrureinhydrocarbonenvironments[J].AAPGMemoir,1986,70:1334.
[11] RubeyWW ,HubbertMK .Overthrustbeltingeosyn clinalareaofwesternwyominginlightoffluidpressurehypothesis[J].GeolSocAmBull,1959,70:123129.
[12] BradleyJS .Abnormalformationpressure[J].AAPGBulletin,1975,59:957973.
[13] OsborneMJ ,SwarbrickRE .Mechanismsforgenerat ingoverpressureinsedimentarybasins:AReevaluation[J].AAPGBulletin,1997,81:10231041.
[14] MeissnerFF .Petroleumgeologyofthebakkenforma tion,WillistonBasin,NorthDakotaandMontana:ProceedingsofWillistonBasinSymposium,September2427,MontanaGeologicalSociety[J].Billings,1978:207227.
[15] HedbergHD .Relationofmethanegenerationinunder compactedshales,shalediapersandmudvo1canoes[J].BullAmAssocPetroGeo,1974,58:661673.
[16] HarwoodRJ .Oilandgasgenerationbylaboratorypy rolysisofkerogen[J].AAPG ,1977,61(12):11321138.
[17] TissotBP ,WelteDH .PetroleumFormationandOccur rence———ANewApproachtoOilandGasExploration[C].Berlin,Heidelberg,NewYork:SpringerVerlag,1978.
[18] PriceLC ,WengerLM .Theinfluenceofpressureonpetroleum generationandmaturationassuggestedbyaqueouspyrolysis[J].OrganicGeochemistry,1992,19:141159.
[19] SpencerCW ,HydrocarbongenerationasamechanismforoverpressuringinRockyMountainregion[J].AAPGBulletin,1987,7l:368388.
[20] 孙嘉陵.南海崖131气田特征及富集成藏条件[J].天然气工业,1994,14(2):17.
[21] EnglandWA .Themovementandentrapmentofpetroleumfluidsinthesubsurface[J].JouroftheGeolSoci,1987,144:327347.
[22] HuntJM .Gasgeneration amajorcauseofdeepGulfCoastoverpressures[J].Oil&GasJournal,1994,92(29):124130.
[23] BarkerC .Aquathermalpressuring:roleoftemperatureindevelopmentofabnormal pressurezones[J].AAPGBulletin,1972,56(6):20682071.
[24] LewisCB ,RoseSC .Atheoryrelatinghightempera turesandoverpressure[J].PetTechnol,1970,22:1116.
[25] LuoXR ,VasseurC .Contributionsofcompactionandaquathermalpressuringtogeopressureandtheinfluenceofenvironmentalconditions[J].AAPGBulletin,1992,76:15501559.
[26] 华保钦.构造应力场、地震泵和油气运移[J].沉积学报,1995,13(2):7785.
[27] 付广,薛永超,杨勉,异常孔隙流体压力的成因及其贡献探讨[J].中国海相油气地质,1999,4(4):4650.
[28] PowersMC .Fluidreleasemechansimsincompactingmarinemudrocksandtheirimportanceinoilexploration[J].AAPGBulletin,1967,51:12401254.
[29] BurstJF .DiagenesisofGulfcoastclayeysedimentsanditspossiblerelationtopetroleummigration[J].BullAmAssocPetGeol,1969,53:7393.
[30] BruceCH .Smectitedehydration itsrelationtostruc turaldevelopmentandhydrocarbonaccumulationinnorthernGulfofMexicoBasin[J],AAPG .Bulletin,1984,68:673683.
[31] BradleyVAC .Roleofpressureinsmectitedehydration effectson geopressureandsmetite to illitetransition[J].AAPGBulletin,1987,71:14141427.
[32] MagaraK .Pressuresealing:animportantagentforhy drocarbonentrapment[J].JournalofPetroleumScienceandEngineering,1993,9:6780.
[33] AndersonRN .Sedimentarybasinsasthermochemicalreactors[J].1990and1991ReportofLamontDohertyGeologicalObservatory,1993:6576.
[34] FertlWH .AbnormalFormationPressure[M ].NewYork:E1sevierPress,1973.123133.
[35] JowettEC ,CathelsLM ,DavisBW .Predictingdepthsofgypsumdehydrationinevaporiticsedimentarypetrol ogy[J].AAPGBulletin,1993,77:402413.
[36] HuntJM .Generationandmigrattionofpetroleumforabnormallypressurefluidcompartments[J].AAPGBul letin,1990,74(1):112.
[37] 张义纲.油气运移及其聚集成藏模式[M ].南京:河海大学出版社,1997.4551.
[38] WeedmanSD ,BrantleySL ,ShirakiR ,etal.Diagen esis,compaction,andfluidchemistrymodelingasand stonenearapressureseal:Lowertuscaloosaformation,GulfCoast[J].AAPGBulletin,1996,80(7): 10451064.
[39] HitchonB .IntheWesternCanadaSedimentarybasin:effectoftopography[J].WaterResouresResearch,1969,5:186195.
[40] 夏新宇.沉积与构造抬升过程中温度对流体压力的影响[J].石油勘探与开发,2001,28(3):14.
[41] 付广,王剑泰.地壳抬升对油气藏保存条件的影响[J].天然气地球科学,2000,54(2):1824.
[42] 朱玉新,邵新军,杨思玉,等.克拉2气田异常高压特征及成因[J].西南石油学院学报,2000,22(4):913.
[43] 张敏强,李思田,解习农.莺—琼盆地活动热流体与成藏动力学研究[A].宋岩,魏国齐,洪峰,等.天然气地质研究与应用[C].北京:石油工业出版社,2000.169177.
[44] HanshawBB ,BredchoeftJD .Onthemaintenanceofanomaiousfluidpressures,II ,Sourcelayeratdepth[J],GeolSocAmBull,1968,79:11071122.
[45] MarineIW ,FritzSJ.Osmoticmodeltoexplainanoma loushydraulicheads[J].JournalofWaterResourcesResearch,1981,17:7382.
[46] RechardE ,MarkJO .Abnormalpressureinhydrocarbonenvironments[J].AAPGMemoir,1998,70:1334.
[47] DickeyPA ,CoxWC .Oilandgasreservoirswithsub normalpressures[J].AAPG ,1977,61:21342142.
[48] SahagianDL ,ProussevitchAA .Bubblesinvolcanicsys tems[J],Nature,1992,359(6395):485492.
[49] BachuS .Synthesisandmodelofformaion waterflow,AlbertaBasin,Canada[J].AAPG ,1995,79(8):11591178.
[50] NeuzilCE ,PollockDW .Erosionalunloadingandfluidpressuresinhydraulically“tight”rocks[J].JournalofHydrology,1983,91(2):178193.
[2] DickinsonG .GeologicalaspectsofabnormalreservoirpressuresinGulfCoast,Louisiana[J].AAPGBulletin,1953,37:410432.
[3] 付广,薛永超,杨勉.异常孔隙流体压力的成因及其贡献探讨[J].海相油气地质,1999,4(4):4650.
[4] 杜翔,郑洪印,焦秀琼.异常压力与油气分布[J].地学前缘,1995,2(3):137147.
[5] 李兰斌,孙家振,陈文礼,等.舞阳盐湖盆地地层压力特征与成因机理[J].石油实验地质,2000,22(3):265269.
[6] 刘斌,贝东,王菁.四川盆地西北部陆相地层异常高压的形成与演化[J].天然气工业,1995,15(3):812.
[7] 张启明,董伟良.中含油气盆地中的超压体系[J].石油学报,2000,21(6):111.
[8] 沈平.川东地区石炭系压力场分区及气水界面预测[J].天然气工业,1994,1(4):2527.
[9] 王连进,叶加仁.沉积盆地超压形成机制评述[J].石油与天然气地质,2001,22(1):1720.
[10] RichardE .Swarbrick,MarkJ,Abnormalpressrureinhydrocarbonenvironments[J].AAPGMemoir,1986,70:1334.
[11] RubeyWW ,HubbertMK .Overthrustbeltingeosyn clinalareaofwesternwyominginlightoffluidpressurehypothesis[J].GeolSocAmBull,1959,70:123129.
[12] BradleyJS .Abnormalformationpressure[J].AAPGBulletin,1975,59:957973.
[13] OsborneMJ ,SwarbrickRE .Mechanismsforgenerat ingoverpressureinsedimentarybasins:AReevaluation[J].AAPGBulletin,1997,81:10231041.
[14] MeissnerFF .Petroleumgeologyofthebakkenforma tion,WillistonBasin,NorthDakotaandMontana:ProceedingsofWillistonBasinSymposium,September2427,MontanaGeologicalSociety[J].Billings,1978:207227.
[15] HedbergHD .Relationofmethanegenerationinunder compactedshales,shalediapersandmudvo1canoes[J].BullAmAssocPetroGeo,1974,58:661673.
[16] HarwoodRJ .Oilandgasgenerationbylaboratorypy rolysisofkerogen[J].AAPG ,1977,61(12):11321138.
[17] TissotBP ,WelteDH .PetroleumFormationandOccur rence———ANewApproachtoOilandGasExploration[C].Berlin,Heidelberg,NewYork:SpringerVerlag,1978.
[18] PriceLC ,WengerLM .Theinfluenceofpressureonpetroleum generationandmaturationassuggestedbyaqueouspyrolysis[J].OrganicGeochemistry,1992,19:141159.
[19] SpencerCW ,HydrocarbongenerationasamechanismforoverpressuringinRockyMountainregion[J].AAPGBulletin,1987,7l:368388.
[20] 孙嘉陵.南海崖131气田特征及富集成藏条件[J].天然气工业,1994,14(2):17.
[21] EnglandWA .Themovementandentrapmentofpetroleumfluidsinthesubsurface[J].JouroftheGeolSoci,1987,144:327347.
[22] HuntJM .Gasgeneration amajorcauseofdeepGulfCoastoverpressures[J].Oil&GasJournal,1994,92(29):124130.
[23] BarkerC .Aquathermalpressuring:roleoftemperatureindevelopmentofabnormal pressurezones[J].AAPGBulletin,1972,56(6):20682071.
[24] LewisCB ,RoseSC .Atheoryrelatinghightempera turesandoverpressure[J].PetTechnol,1970,22:1116.
[25] LuoXR ,VasseurC .Contributionsofcompactionandaquathermalpressuringtogeopressureandtheinfluenceofenvironmentalconditions[J].AAPGBulletin,1992,76:15501559.
[26] 华保钦.构造应力场、地震泵和油气运移[J].沉积学报,1995,13(2):7785.
[27] 付广,薛永超,杨勉,异常孔隙流体压力的成因及其贡献探讨[J].中国海相油气地质,1999,4(4):4650.
[28] PowersMC .Fluidreleasemechansimsincompactingmarinemudrocksandtheirimportanceinoilexploration[J].AAPGBulletin,1967,51:12401254.
[29] BurstJF .DiagenesisofGulfcoastclayeysedimentsanditspossiblerelationtopetroleummigration[J].BullAmAssocPetGeol,1969,53:7393.
[30] BruceCH .Smectitedehydration itsrelationtostruc turaldevelopmentandhydrocarbonaccumulationinnorthernGulfofMexicoBasin[J],AAPG .Bulletin,1984,68:673683.
[31] BradleyVAC .Roleofpressureinsmectitedehydration effectson geopressureandsmetite to illitetransition[J].AAPGBulletin,1987,71:14141427.
[32] MagaraK .Pressuresealing:animportantagentforhy drocarbonentrapment[J].JournalofPetroleumScienceandEngineering,1993,9:6780.
[33] AndersonRN .Sedimentarybasinsasthermochemicalreactors[J].1990and1991ReportofLamontDohertyGeologicalObservatory,1993:6576.
[34] FertlWH .AbnormalFormationPressure[M ].NewYork:E1sevierPress,1973.123133.
[35] JowettEC ,CathelsLM ,DavisBW .Predictingdepthsofgypsumdehydrationinevaporiticsedimentarypetrol ogy[J].AAPGBulletin,1993,77:402413.
[36] HuntJM .Generationandmigrattionofpetroleumforabnormallypressurefluidcompartments[J].AAPGBul letin,1990,74(1):112.
[37] 张义纲.油气运移及其聚集成藏模式[M ].南京:河海大学出版社,1997.4551.
[38] WeedmanSD ,BrantleySL ,ShirakiR ,etal.Diagen esis,compaction,andfluidchemistrymodelingasand stonenearapressureseal:Lowertuscaloosaformation,GulfCoast[J].AAPGBulletin,1996,80(7): 10451064.
[39] HitchonB .IntheWesternCanadaSedimentarybasin:effectoftopography[J].WaterResouresResearch,1969,5:186195.
[40] 夏新宇.沉积与构造抬升过程中温度对流体压力的影响[J].石油勘探与开发,2001,28(3):14.
[41] 付广,王剑泰.地壳抬升对油气藏保存条件的影响[J].天然气地球科学,2000,54(2):1824.
[42] 朱玉新,邵新军,杨思玉,等.克拉2气田异常高压特征及成因[J].西南石油学院学报,2000,22(4):913.
[43] 张敏强,李思田,解习农.莺—琼盆地活动热流体与成藏动力学研究[A].宋岩,魏国齐,洪峰,等.天然气地质研究与应用[C].北京:石油工业出版社,2000.169177.
[44] HanshawBB ,BredchoeftJD .Onthemaintenanceofanomaiousfluidpressures,II ,Sourcelayeratdepth[J],GeolSocAmBull,1968,79:11071122.
[45] MarineIW ,FritzSJ.Osmoticmodeltoexplainanoma loushydraulicheads[J].JournalofWaterResourcesResearch,1981,17:7382.
[46] RechardE ,MarkJO .Abnormalpressureinhydrocarbonenvironments[J].AAPGMemoir,1998,70:1334.
[47] DickeyPA ,CoxWC .Oilandgasreservoirswithsub normalpressures[J].AAPG ,1977,61:21342142.
[48] SahagianDL ,ProussevitchAA .Bubblesinvolcanicsys tems[J],Nature,1992,359(6395):485492.
[49] BachuS .Synthesisandmodelofformaion waterflow,AlbertaBasin,Canada[J].AAPG ,1995,79(8):11591178.
[50] NeuzilCE ,PollockDW .Erosionalunloadingandfluidpressuresinhydraulically“tight”rocks[J].JournalofHydrology,1983,91(2):178193.
版权所有：© 2023 中国地质图书馆 中国地质调查局地学文献中心