地震序列类型的岩石破裂实验研究
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摘要
采用花岗岩和砂岩拼合的岩样,做单面直接剪切破坏实验,并以微破裂信息存储分析系统连续采集信号。通过波形图研究发现,诸如“前破—主破—余破型”、“主破—余破型”、“群破型”、“双破或多破型”、“孤立型破裂”等都有波形记录,而大破裂前的“平静”、“密集”、“低频扰动”及“慢破裂”现象也有波形显示。这些结果与天然地震很相似,几乎所有天然地震的类型和震兆异常都能在声发射破裂实验中得到发现和验证。实验还显示,在低应力阶段破裂类型较单一,但随着应力升高和逼近主(大)破裂,破裂类型越来越多,而且低频成分变多的破裂增多,慢破裂也增多。
Taking the cohered rock of granite and sandstone as test sample,a directly shearing destroy plain test was made,and the signal was continuously collected using Micro-rupture Information Storage and Analysis System.It is found through studying waveform recordings that some rock rupture types,such as fore-rupture-main-rupture-after-rupture,main-rupture-after-rupture,group-rupture,double-rupture or multiple-ruptures,isolated rupture,were observed,even the phenomena of silence,denseness,low frequency disturbance and slow rupture before a big rupture.These results are similar to some phenomena observed in nature earthquake.Almost all the types and anomalies of nature earthquake can be found and experimentally verified.The test also shows that in the stage of low stress the rupture type is relatively single,but with stress strengthening and main rupture approaching,more rupture types begin to appear and low frequency component and slow rupture increase.
Taking the cohered rock of granite and sandstone as test sample,a directly shearing destroy plain test was made,and the signal was continuously collected using Micro-rupture Information Storage and Analysis System.It is found through studying waveform recordings that some rock rupture types,such as fore-rupture-main-rupture-after-rupture,main-rupture-after-rupture,group-rupture,double-rupture or multiple-ruptures,isolated rupture,were observed,even the phenomena of silence,denseness,low frequency disturbance and slow rupture before a big rupture.These results are similar to some phenomena observed in nature earthquake.Almost all the types and anomalies of nature earthquake can be found and experimentally verified.The test also shows that in the stage of low stress the rupture type is relatively single,but with stress strengthening and main rupture approaching,more rupture types begin to appear and low frequency component and slow rupture increase.
引文
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[2]许昭永,杨润海,王彬,等.Y形块体交界处交点大破裂的模拟实验研究[J].地球物理学报,2002,45(增刊):214-224.
[3]许昭永,梅世蓉,庄灿涛,等.真三轴压机刚度对岩石破裂声发射的影响及地震活动性的联系[J].地震学报,1991,13(2):223-233.
[4]许昭永,杨润海,胡毅力,等.慢地震慢前兆的机制研究[J].地震,2003,23(2):12-20.
[5]王赟赟,杨润海,赵晋明,等.前驱地震波的实验研究及波谱分析[J].地震研究,2003,26(1):50-56.
[6]许昭永,杨润海,王彬,等.突发应变扰动———一种新的破裂前兆的实验研究[J].地震学报,1998,20(6):628-634.
[7]杨润海,许昭永,王彬,等.孕震类型与应变成核的实验研究[J].地震研究,2003,26(4):332-337.
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