白云深水崎岖海底区时深转换方法探讨
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摘要
深水已经成为世界范围内油气勘探开发的热点领域.南海北部深水区石油地质条件优越,勘探潜力巨大.但由于陆坡区水深急剧变深,峡谷纵横,水道复杂,形成了海底非常崎岖的地形地貌,这种崎岖海底严重影响了其下覆地层的地震成像,并造成了构造形态的严重崎变,时间构造图无法反映构造的真实形态.本文提出了两种消除崎岖海底影响的方法.叠前深度偏移技术是解决复杂地质问题,实现复杂构造准确偏移成像的有效途径;移动平均时深转换方法直接对时间构造图进行转换,方法简单实用.实际应用表明,两种方法相互验证,是目前最佳方案,可以达到目前勘探精度的要求.
Petroleum exploration in the deepwater area is the hot-spot worldwide at present.The deepwater area in the South China Sea developed excellent petroleum geological conditions,which own huge exploration potential.The water depth here deepens sharply in the slope area,developed crossed canyons and complicated channels compose the rough seafloor,which heavily influences the seismic imaging of underlying formation and causes the severe distortion of structural shape,therefore,it is very difficult to reveal the true structural shape based on time structural map.This paper provides two kinds of methods help to avoid the influence of rough seafloor.Firstly,PSDM is an effective way to figure out the accurate migration imaging of complicated structural and the solution of complicated geological question.Then,the method of moving average time-depth conversion can be used directly for the time structural map.Application shows that two methods mentioned above can be validated mutually and meet the demands of petroleum exploration,which are proven to be optimal scheme for geophysics study with rough seafloor at present.
Petroleum exploration in the deepwater area is the hot-spot worldwide at present.The deepwater area in the South China Sea developed excellent petroleum geological conditions,which own huge exploration potential.The water depth here deepens sharply in the slope area,developed crossed canyons and complicated channels compose the rough seafloor,which heavily influences the seismic imaging of underlying formation and causes the severe distortion of structural shape,therefore,it is very difficult to reveal the true structural shape based on time structural map.This paper provides two kinds of methods help to avoid the influence of rough seafloor.Firstly,PSDM is an effective way to figure out the accurate migration imaging of complicated structural and the solution of complicated geological question.Then,the method of moving average time-depth conversion can be used directly for the time structural map.Application shows that two methods mentioned above can be validated mutually and meet the demands of petroleum exploration,which are proven to be optimal scheme for geophysics study with rough seafloor at present.
引文
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[4]田文辉,李振春,孙小东.对共反射面叠加的进一步探讨[J].地球物理学进展,2006,21(3):932~937.
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[8]膝佃波,汪鹏程,王赟,等.利用叠前KirchhOff积分偏移识别小断裂与低幅度构造[J].地球物理学进展,2005,20(4):1035~1038.
[9]沈财余,江洁,李深.叠前深度偏移处理方法和实例[J].石油物探,1998,37(2):88~98.
[10]代一丁,庞雄.珠江口盆地珠二凹陷的石油地质特征[J].中国海上油气(地质),13(3):167~192.
[11]吕小林,刘洪.波动方程深度偏移波场延拓算子的快速重建[J].地球物理学进展,2005,20(1):24~28.
[12]Barbara D,Thorbjφrn Rl.PGS Marine Geophysical Address-ing challenges at Ormen Lange by innovative acquisition de-sign.
[2]Liu J Y,Tsai S H,Wang C C,Chu C R.Acoustic wave re-flection froma rough seabed with a continuously varying sedi-ment layer overlying an elastic basement[J].Journal of Soundand Vibration,2004,275:739~755.
[3]杨锴,马在田.关于共反射面元叠加方法在实际应用中的一些思考[J].地球物理学进展,2005,20(1):12~16.
[4]田文辉,李振春,孙小东.对共反射面叠加的进一步探讨[J].地球物理学进展,2006,21(3):932~937.
[5]陈礼,葛勇.深水崎岖海底地震资料叠前深度偏移的必要性[J].中国海上油气,2005,17(1):12~16.
[6]赵改善.叠前深度偏移成像技术[J].石油物探译丛,1998,12(4):120~129.
[7]陈生昌,马在田.波动方程的高阶广义屏叠前深度偏移[J].地球物理学报,2006,49(5):1445~1451.
[8]膝佃波,汪鹏程,王赟,等.利用叠前KirchhOff积分偏移识别小断裂与低幅度构造[J].地球物理学进展,2005,20(4):1035~1038.
[9]沈财余,江洁,李深.叠前深度偏移处理方法和实例[J].石油物探,1998,37(2):88~98.
[10]代一丁,庞雄.珠江口盆地珠二凹陷的石油地质特征[J].中国海上油气(地质),13(3):167~192.
[11]吕小林,刘洪.波动方程深度偏移波场延拓算子的快速重建[J].地球物理学进展,2005,20(1):24~28.
[12]Barbara D,Thorbjφrn Rl.PGS Marine Geophysical Address-ing challenges at Ormen Lange by innovative acquisition de-sign.
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