形状记忆合金阻尼器消能减震体系的控制研究
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摘要
利用奥氏体SMA丝的超弹性和阻尼特性,设计了一种新型的SMA阻尼器,试验研究了该阻尼器在循环荷载作用下的力学性能,建立了基于塑性理论的一维理论模型,并对其力学性能进行了数值模拟。采用能量平衡方法对SMA阻尼器消能减震体系的参数进行了优化,给出了消能部件参数建议取值范围。最后以一幢十层剪切型钢框架结构为算例,分析了SMA阻尼器的减震效果。结果表明:该阻尼器具有良好的滞回耗能能力,能很好地控制结构的位移反应,适用于工程结构的抗震设计和加固。
A new type of shape memory alloy (SMA) damper was proposed by utilizing both the high damping and recentring features of superelastic SMA wire. The mechanical behaviors of the damper under cyclical loading-unloading were investigated experimentally, and the numerical simulation for the mechanical behaviors of the damper was performed by means of the developed one-dimensional theoretical model based on plastic theory. Then, the parameters of the energy dissipation system with SMA dampers were analyzed and optimized using energy balance method, and the reasonable value ranges for the parameters were suggested. Finally, as an example, a ten-layer shear steel frame structure with the SMA dampers was analyzed under earthquake ground motions. The research results show that the SMA damper has both the energy dissipating and recentring features with the hysteretic loop under cyclic loading-unloading. The lateral displacement of the structure is significantly reduced compared to that of the base structure without the passive element, which verifies the effectiveness of the damper for seismic design and retrofit of structures.
A new type of shape memory alloy (SMA) damper was proposed by utilizing both the high damping and recentring features of superelastic SMA wire. The mechanical behaviors of the damper under cyclical loading-unloading were investigated experimentally, and the numerical simulation for the mechanical behaviors of the damper was performed by means of the developed one-dimensional theoretical model based on plastic theory. Then, the parameters of the energy dissipation system with SMA dampers were analyzed and optimized using energy balance method, and the reasonable value ranges for the parameters were suggested. Finally, as an example, a ten-layer shear steel frame structure with the SMA dampers was analyzed under earthquake ground motions. The research results show that the SMA damper has both the energy dissipating and recentring features with the hysteretic loop under cyclic loading-unloading. The lateral displacement of the structure is significantly reduced compared to that of the base structure without the passive element, which verifies the effectiveness of the damper for seismic design and retrofit of structures.
引文
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[14]Graesser E J,Cozzarelli F A.Shape memory alloys as newmaterials for seismic isolation[J].Journal of EngineeringMechanics,1991,117(11):2590—2608.
[15]钱辉,李宏男,宋钢兵.基于塑性理论的形状记忆合金本构模型、试验和数值模拟[J].功能材料,2007,38(7):1114—1118.
[16]中华人民共和国国家标准,建筑抗震设计规范(GB50011—2001)[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2001.
[17]李钢,李宏男.新型软钢阻尼器的减震性能研究[J].振动与冲击,2006,25(3):66—72.
[18]Tehranizadeh M.Passive Energy Dissipation Device for Typi-cal Steel Frame[J].Building in Iran,Engineering Struc-tures,2001,23(6):643—655.
[19]李惠,毛晨曦.形状记忆合金(SMA)被动耗能减震体系的设计和参数分析[J].地震工程与工程振动.2004,21(4):54—59.
[20]翁大根,吕西林.消能减震结构设计参数研究与试验验证[J].地震工程与工程振动,2004,24(2):150—157.
[2]欧进萍.结构振动控制—主动、半主动和智能控制[M].科学出版社,2003:1—10.
[3]Song T T,Dargush G F.Passive energy Dissipation Systemsin Structural Engineering[M].1997:35—341.
[4]李宏男,李忠献,祁凯,等.结构振动与控制[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2005:60—80.
[5]杨大智.智能材料与智能系统[M].天津:天津大学出版社,2000:1—20.
[6]徐祖耀.形状记忆材料[M].上海:上海交通大学出版社,2000:2—10.
[7]Dolce M,Cardone D,Marnetto R.Implementation and Tes-ting of Passive Control Devices Based on Shape Memory Al-loys[J],Earthquake Eng.Struct.Dyn.2000,29(7):945—968.
[8]李惠,毛晨曦.新型SMA耗能器及结构地震反应控制试验研究[J].地震工程与工程振动,2003,23(1):133—139.
[9]薛素铎,董军辉,卞晓芳,等.一种新型形状记忆合金阻尼器[J].建筑结构学报,2005,26(3):45—50.
[10]倪立峰,李秋胜,李爱群等.新型形状记忆合金阻尼器的试验研究[J].地震工程与工程振动,2002,22(3):145—148.
[11]左晓宝,李爱群,倪立峰.一种超弹性SMA复合阻尼器的设计与试验[J].东南大学学报,2004,34(4):459—463.
[12]Dolce M and Cardone D(2001),Mechanical behavior ofshape memory alloys for seismic applications 2[J].austeniteNiTi wires subjected to tension,Int.J.Mech.Sci,2001,43,2657—2677.
[13]李宏男,钱辉,宋钢兵.一种新型形状记忆合金阻尼器的设计、试验和数值模拟研究[J].振动工程学报,2008,21(2):179—184.
[14]Graesser E J,Cozzarelli F A.Shape memory alloys as newmaterials for seismic isolation[J].Journal of EngineeringMechanics,1991,117(11):2590—2608.
[15]钱辉,李宏男,宋钢兵.基于塑性理论的形状记忆合金本构模型、试验和数值模拟[J].功能材料,2007,38(7):1114—1118.
[16]中华人民共和国国家标准,建筑抗震设计规范(GB50011—2001)[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2001.
[17]李钢,李宏男.新型软钢阻尼器的减震性能研究[J].振动与冲击,2006,25(3):66—72.
[18]Tehranizadeh M.Passive Energy Dissipation Device for Typi-cal Steel Frame[J].Building in Iran,Engineering Struc-tures,2001,23(6):643—655.
[19]李惠,毛晨曦.形状记忆合金(SMA)被动耗能减震体系的设计和参数分析[J].地震工程与工程振动.2004,21(4):54—59.
[20]翁大根,吕西林.消能减震结构设计参数研究与试验验证[J].地震工程与工程振动,2004,24(2):150—157.
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