非平稳地震动时程的渐进谱研究
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摘要
分别采用窗口滑移、Kameda多重滤波和Nakayama窄带滤波方法得到El Centro NS地震记录的渐进谱,经比较,选择Nakayama方法用于本文的渐进谱研究。分析了有限带宽白噪声、强度非平稳时程与实际地震记录的渐近谱,发现可从渐进谱分布规律的角度解释这些时程的特性差异。在Nakayama方法基础上建立了一个地震动合成模型,指出地震动时程的幅值和频率非平稳应同时与渐进谱和时频非平稳的相位相关。由本文和Kameda模型合成时程与实际地震动记录的渐进谱和相位的对比分析表明,依照本文模型合成时程的渐进谱和相位同时表现为时频非平稳,这与实际地震记录的特性完全相符。
The moving window method,Kameda multi-filter and Nakayama narrow band-pass filter were applied to obtained the El Centro NS evolutionary power spectra evaluation.The comparison shows that the Nakayama method is the best in reflecting the non-stationary characteristics of this earthquake wave.The investigation results on the differences among band-limited white noise process,artificial earthquake accelerogram with non-stationary amplitude and actual earthquake record revealed that these differences can be explained from the view point of evolutionary spectra distribution in time-frequency domain.Furthermore,on the basis of Nakayama method a new model for generating earthquake accelerogram was proposed.According to this model,the non-stationary characteristics both in amplitude and frequency of an earthquake accelerogram are related to not only the evolutionary spectrum but also the time-dependent phase angle.The comparison of evolutionary power spectra and time-varying phase angles of actual earthquake record with the artificial accelerograms produced by Kameda model combined with the proposed model demonstrates that the spectra and phase angle are non-stationary both in time and frequency domains,which are essentially identical to the characteristics of actual earthquake record.
The moving window method,Kameda multi-filter and Nakayama narrow band-pass filter were applied to obtained the El Centro NS evolutionary power spectra evaluation.The comparison shows that the Nakayama method is the best in reflecting the non-stationary characteristics of this earthquake wave.The investigation results on the differences among band-limited white noise process,artificial earthquake accelerogram with non-stationary amplitude and actual earthquake record revealed that these differences can be explained from the view point of evolutionary spectra distribution in time-frequency domain.Furthermore,on the basis of Nakayama method a new model for generating earthquake accelerogram was proposed.According to this model,the non-stationary characteristics both in amplitude and frequency of an earthquake accelerogram are related to not only the evolutionary spectrum but also the time-dependent phase angle.The comparison of evolutionary power spectra and time-varying phase angles of actual earthquake record with the artificial accelerograms produced by Kameda model combined with the proposed model demonstrates that the spectra and phase angle are non-stationary both in time and frequency domains,which are essentially identical to the characteristics of actual earthquake record.
引文
[1]DL5073-1997,水工建筑物抗震设计规范[S].
[2]梁爱虎,杜修力,陈厚群.基于非平稳随机地震动场的拱坝随机地震反应分析方法[J].水利学报,1999,(6):21-25.
[3]Ohsaki Y.Onthe significance of phase content in earthquake ground motions[J].Earthquake Engineering and StructuralDynamics,1979,7(5):427-439.
[4]Naraoka K,Watanabe T.Generation of nonstationary earthquake ground motions using phase characteristics[A].Transactions of the 9th International Conference on Structural Mechanics in Reactor Technology[C].Lausanne,1987,(K1):37-42.
[5]Montaldo V,Kiremidjian AS,Thr insson H,Zonno G.Simulation of the Fourier phase spectrumfor the generation ofsynthetic accelerograms[J].Journal of Earthquake Engineering,2003,7(3):427-445.
[6]Priestley MB.Spectral Analysis and Time Series[M].London:Academic Press,1981.816-855.
[7]Priestley MB.Evolutionary spectra and non-stationary processes[J].Journal of the Royal Statistical Society,Series BMethodological,1965,27(2):204-237.
[8]Priestley MB.Power spectral analysis of non-stationary randomprocesses[J].Journal of Sound and Vibration,1967,6(1):86-97.
[9]Kameda H.Evolutionary Spectra of Seismogramby Multifilter[J].Journal of the Engineering Mechanics Division,ASCE,1975,101(6):787-801.
[10]Kameda H,Goto H,Sugito M,Asamara T.Prediction of nonstationary earthquake motions for given magnitude,Distanceand specific site condition[A].Proceedings of the 2nd US National Conference on Earthquake Engineering[C].California:Stanford University,1979.243-252.
[11]Goto H,Sugito M,Kameda H,Saito H,Ohtaki T.Prediction of nonstationary earthquake motions for moderate and greatearthquakes onrocksurface[R].Annuals,Disaster preventionresearchinstitute,Kyoto University,1984,27(B-2):19-48.
[12]Nakayama T,Fujiwara H,Komatsu S,Sumida N.Nonstationary response and reliability of linear systems under seismicloadings[A].Schueller,Shinozuka,Yao eds.Structural Safety&Reliability[C].Rotterdam:Balkema,1994.2179-2186.
[13]杨庆山,姜海鹏,陈英俊.基于相位差谱的时-频非平稳人造地震动的生成[J].地震工程与工程振动,2001,21(3):10-16.
[2]梁爱虎,杜修力,陈厚群.基于非平稳随机地震动场的拱坝随机地震反应分析方法[J].水利学报,1999,(6):21-25.
[3]Ohsaki Y.Onthe significance of phase content in earthquake ground motions[J].Earthquake Engineering and StructuralDynamics,1979,7(5):427-439.
[4]Naraoka K,Watanabe T.Generation of nonstationary earthquake ground motions using phase characteristics[A].Transactions of the 9th International Conference on Structural Mechanics in Reactor Technology[C].Lausanne,1987,(K1):37-42.
[5]Montaldo V,Kiremidjian AS,Thr insson H,Zonno G.Simulation of the Fourier phase spectrumfor the generation ofsynthetic accelerograms[J].Journal of Earthquake Engineering,2003,7(3):427-445.
[6]Priestley MB.Spectral Analysis and Time Series[M].London:Academic Press,1981.816-855.
[7]Priestley MB.Evolutionary spectra and non-stationary processes[J].Journal of the Royal Statistical Society,Series BMethodological,1965,27(2):204-237.
[8]Priestley MB.Power spectral analysis of non-stationary randomprocesses[J].Journal of Sound and Vibration,1967,6(1):86-97.
[9]Kameda H.Evolutionary Spectra of Seismogramby Multifilter[J].Journal of the Engineering Mechanics Division,ASCE,1975,101(6):787-801.
[10]Kameda H,Goto H,Sugito M,Asamara T.Prediction of nonstationary earthquake motions for given magnitude,Distanceand specific site condition[A].Proceedings of the 2nd US National Conference on Earthquake Engineering[C].California:Stanford University,1979.243-252.
[11]Goto H,Sugito M,Kameda H,Saito H,Ohtaki T.Prediction of nonstationary earthquake motions for moderate and greatearthquakes onrocksurface[R].Annuals,Disaster preventionresearchinstitute,Kyoto University,1984,27(B-2):19-48.
[12]Nakayama T,Fujiwara H,Komatsu S,Sumida N.Nonstationary response and reliability of linear systems under seismicloadings[A].Schueller,Shinozuka,Yao eds.Structural Safety&Reliability[C].Rotterdam:Balkema,1994.2179-2186.
[13]杨庆山,姜海鹏,陈英俊.基于相位差谱的时-频非平稳人造地震动的生成[J].地震工程与工程振动,2001,21(3):10-16.
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