青藏高原南缘现今地球动力学研究
|
摘要
喜马拉雅构造带于新生代时期经历了两代受力条件截然不同的形变。早期造山挤压形变与造山后的引张形变、青藏高原和高喜马拉雅的大幅度抬升。大致低喜马拉雅范围即青藏高原南缘，现今构造活动与青藏高原和高喜马拉雅块断抬升相辅相成。流行的板块聚合动力学模式，即使早新生代发生过，晚新生代以来已经灯熄。东亚大陆现代形变与地震活动的驱动力不可能源于青藏高原南缘被动挤压，而是取决于与高原隆起相关的深部主动动力学过程。
Himalayan teconic zone underwent two generational deformations with quite different mechanical conditions, early compression and late extension, in Cenozoic. The later is complement to each other with the uplift of the Qinghai-Xizang(Tibet) plateau and the Himalaya in a large scale. Domain of the Lower Himalaya is roughly the Southern Margin of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau. Recent tectonism of the zone is controlled by uplift of the Qinghai-Xizang plateau and the High Himalaya and the block faulting. Even if current geodynamic model is responsible for compression deformation in early Cenozoic, it has ceased since late Cenozoic. A possibly substitute model to discribe extension and block faulting at the southern margin of the Qinghai-Xizang plateau has been provided here. So the driving force for recent deformation and seismicity within the East Asian continent is impossible to be caused by passive compression along the southern margin of the Qinghai-Xizang plateau, but depends on deep geodynamic processes.
Himalayan teconic zone underwent two generational deformations with quite different mechanical conditions, early compression and late extension, in Cenozoic. The later is complement to each other with the uplift of the Qinghai-Xizang(Tibet) plateau and the Himalaya in a large scale. Domain of the Lower Himalaya is roughly the Southern Margin of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau. Recent tectonism of the zone is controlled by uplift of the Qinghai-Xizang plateau and the High Himalaya and the block faulting. Even if current geodynamic model is responsible for compression deformation in early Cenozoic, it has ceased since late Cenozoic. A possibly substitute model to discribe extension and block faulting at the southern margin of the Qinghai-Xizang plateau has been provided here. So the driving force for recent deformation and seismicity within the East Asian continent is impossible to be caused by passive compression along the southern margin of the Qinghai-Xizang plateau, but depends on deep geodynamic processes.
引文
高名修，阚荣举，郑剑东，等．1991．中国川、滇西部岩石圈结构与喜马拉雅运动．见：中国科学院地质研究所编．岩石圈造演化开放研究实验室年报，1989～1990．北京：中国科学技术出版社．高名修．1995．东亚北东向块断构造与现代地裂运动．北京：地震出版社．西藏自治区科学技术委员会，国家地震局科技监测司．1988．西藏察隅当雄大地震．拉萨：西藏人民出版社．王文颖．1992．论测定喜马拉雅山板块运动速率问题．中国青藏高原研究会第一次学术讨论论文集．北京：科学出版社．张青松，周耀飞，陆祥顺，等．1991．现代青藏高原上升速率问题．科学通报，36（7）：529～131．AroraBR，SinghBP．1992．GeomangeticandgeodelectricinvestigationsforseismicityandseismotectonicsoftheHimalayanregion．In：GDGuptaeditot，HimalayanSeismicity．GeolSoc．India，Bangalore．ChanderR．1988．Interpretstionofobservedgroundlevelchangesduetothe1905Kangraearthquake，northwestHimalaya．Tectonophysics，149：289～298．ChandraU．1981．FocalmechanismsolutionsandtheirtectonicimplicationsfortheeasternAlpine－Himalayanregion．In：HKGuptaandTMDalamydeitors，Zagros，HinduKush．HimalayaGeodynamicEvolution．AmericanGeophysicalUnion．WashingtonDC．DasguptaS，etal．1987．ActivetransversefeaturesinthecentralportionoftheHimalaya．Tectonophysics．136：255～264．FieldingE，etal．1994．HowflatisTibet？Geology，22：163～167．GansserA．1981．ThegeodynamichistoryoftheHimalaya．In：HKGuptaandTMDalamyeditorsm，Zagros．HinduKush，HimalayaGeodynamicEvolution．AmericanGeophysicalUnion．WashingtonDC．GaoMingxiu．1993．GedynamicsipnificanceofNE－SWtransectedfaultsysteminHimalaya．In：SeminalonHimalayanGeologyandGeopbysics，DehraDun，India，March22～25．GaoMingxiu．1994a．ActivetectonicsofTibel．In：GroupMeetingonSeismotectonicsandGeodynamicsoftehHimalaya，Roorkee，India．October：12～14．1995．GaoMingxiu．1994b．SeismotectonicSettingoftheKumaunHimalaya．In：GroupMeetingonSeismotectonicsandGeodynamicsoftheHimalaya，Roorkee，India．October：12～14．1995．GaurVK，ChanderR，etal．1985．SeismicityandthestateofstressforminvestigationsoflocalearthquakesintheKumaonHimalaya．Tectonophysics，118：243～251．KaibKL．1981．StructureandseismotectonicsoftheHimabya－PamirHindukushregionandtheIndianplateboudary．In：HKGupaandTMDalamyeditors．ZagrosHinduKush，HimalayaGeodynamicEvolution．AmericanGeophysicalUnion．WashingtonDC．KattriKN．1987．GreatearthquakesseismicitygapsandpotertialforearthquakedisasteralongtheHimalayaplateboundary．Tectonophysics，138：79～92．KhattriKN，ChanderR，etal．1989．NewseismologicalresultsontheGarhwalHimalaya．ProcIndianAcadSet（EarthPlanetSet），98：91～109．KumarS，MahajanAK．1991．Dharamsalaseismotectoniczone：neotectonicsandstateofstressinthearea，JournalofHimalayanGeology，2（l）：53～57．MohanI，etal．1981．SomerecentearthquakesinPenisularIndia．JGeolSoc，India．22：292～298．MehtaPK．1980．TectonicsignificanceoftheyoungmineraldatesandtheratesofcoolingandupliftintheHimalaya．Tectonicphysics．62：205～217．MolnarP．1987．ThedistributionOfintensityassociatedthe1905Kangraearthquakeandboundsontheextentoftherupturezone．JGeolSoc．India．29：221～229．MugnierJL，etal．1993．TheactivenormalfaultsclosetothemainboundaryfaultinwesternNepal：apeculiarfeatureofafoldandthrustcompressionalwedge．In：SeminaronHimalayangeology＆Geophysics（abstract），DehraDun．India．March：22～25．NakataT．1989．ActivefaultsoftheHimalayaofindiaandNepal．SPecialpaper232ofGSA．NegarVK，etal．1992．StrainpatternintheNEIndia．inferredfromgeodetictriangulationdata．In：GDGuptaeditor．HimalayanSeismicity．GeolSoc．India．Bangalore．NiJ，BarazangiM．1984．SeismotectonicsoftheHimalayanCollisionzone：geometryoftheunderthrustingIndianplatebeneaththeHimalaya．JGeophysRes，89：1147～1163．RajalBS，etal．1986．ReecentcrustalupliftintheDoonvalley．In：InternationalSymposumonNeotectonicsinSouthAsia．DehraDum．India，Feb．18～21．SarmahSK，etal．1992．Seismologicalinvestigationsinnortheastenregionofindia．In：GuptaGD，ed．HimalayanSeismicity．GeolSoc．India，Bangalore．SeeberL，ArmbrusterJG．1981．GreatdetachmentearthquakesalongtheHimalayanarcandlong－termforecasting，Earthquakeprediction－AnInternatioalReview．AmGeophyUnion，Washington．SeeberL，GOrnityV．1983．RiverprofilesalongtheHimalayanArcasindicatorsofactivetectonics．Tectonophysics，92：335～367．SinghDD，GuptaHK．1980．StructuredynamicsoftwogreatearthquakesoftheIndiansubcontinent：theBihar－NepalearthquakeofJanuary15，1934andtheQuettaearthquakeofMay30，1935．BSSA，70：757～773．SinhaAK．1987．TectoniczonationofthecentralHimalayaandthecrustalevolutionofcollisionandcompressionalbelts．Tectonophysics，134：59～74．ValdiaKS．1976．HimalayantransversefaultsandfoldsandtheirparallelismwithsubsurfacestructruesofnorthIndianPlains．Tectonophysics，32：353～386．ValdiyaKS．1986．NeotectonicsofHimalayanBelt．In：InternationalSymposiumonNeotectonicsinSouthAsia，DehraDun，India．Feb18～21．VermaRK．1991．SeishacityoftheHimalayaandthenortheastIndia，andnatureofcontinent－continentcollision．PhysicsandChemistryoftheEarth，18：345～370．YeatsRS，LillieRJ．1991．ContemporarytectonicsoftheHimalayanfrontalfautlsystem：fold，blindthrustsandthe1905Kangraearthquake．JournalOfStructureGeology，113：215～225．
版权所有：© 2023 中国地质图书馆 中国地质调查局地学文献中心