含煤地层转换波叠后横波波阻抗反演
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摘要
叠后地震反演方法适用于纵波和横波地震资料的反演,但对转换波地震资料却不适用。为了实现利用转换波剖面得到横波波阻抗信息,通过建立转换波反射系数和横波反射系数之间的关系,直接从转换波地震数据中获取横波反射系数,把转换波叠后波阻抗反演问题转化为横波波阻抗反演问题。基于测井约束反演原理,利用横波反射系数和转换波解释层位建立初始横波波阻抗模型,优选反演处理参数,实现转换波叠后横波波阻抗反演。含煤地层转换波横波波阻抗反演结果,为进一步研究岩性参数比属性奠定了基础。和横波勘探相比,转换波勘探施工方便,工作成本相对低廉,因此利用转换波叠后地震反演获得横波波阻抗,是一种经济的办法。但由于在计算横波反射系数时采用了近似公式,所以反演结果精度会受到一定影响。
Post-stack seismic inversion can be applied to inversion of P and S waves,but not to seismic converted wave.The shear reflection coefficient can be obtained from converted wave using the relationship between reflection coefficients of the converted wave and the shear wave,which is a question of how to change post-stack impedance inversion of converted wave into shear wave impedance inversion.Based on the inversion principle of well logging data,the initial shear wave impedance model was established using shear wave reflection coefficient and converted wave interpreted horizon.Optimizing inversion parameters helped the post-stack impedance inversion of the converted wave.The inversion results lay the foundations of further study on lithology and parameters' comparison.Compared with S wave exploration,converted wave exploration is easy to operate and is low in production cost.Therefore,S wave impedance inversion of converted wave will be an economical method,but the precision of inversion result would be affected due to the approximate formula taken in calculation of shear reflection coefficient.
Post-stack seismic inversion can be applied to inversion of P and S waves,but not to seismic converted wave.The shear reflection coefficient can be obtained from converted wave using the relationship between reflection coefficients of the converted wave and the shear wave,which is a question of how to change post-stack impedance inversion of converted wave into shear wave impedance inversion.Based on the inversion principle of well logging data,the initial shear wave impedance model was established using shear wave reflection coefficient and converted wave interpreted horizon.Optimizing inversion parameters helped the post-stack impedance inversion of the converted wave.The inversion results lay the foundations of further study on lithology and parameters' comparison.Compared with S wave exploration,converted wave exploration is easy to operate and is low in production cost.Therefore,S wave impedance inversion of converted wave will be an economical method,but the precision of inversion result would be affected due to the approximate formula taken in calculation of shear reflection coefficient.
引文
霍全明,程增庆,彭苏萍,等.2004.一种经济高效的三维三分量观测系统设计方法.石油地球物理勘探,39(5):501～504.
李国发,彭苏萍,何兵寿,等.2005a.转换波地震资料处理的关键问题与解决方法.中国矿业大学学报,34(1):41～45.
李国发,彭苏萍,高日胜,等.2005b.转换波地震资料中面波的压制.石油物探,44(3):214～217.
李明,侯连华,邹才能,等.2005.岩性地层油气藏地球物理勘探技术与应用.北京:石油工业出版社.
彭苏萍,何登科,勾精为,等.2008.观测系统的面元划分与覆盖次数计算.煤炭学报,33(1):55～58.
孙鹏远,孙建国,卢秀丽.2004a.P-SV波和SS波反射系数之间的近似关系.地球学报,25(6):677～682.
孙鹏远,孙建国,卢秀丽.2004b.P-SV波在提取SS波零偏移距反射率中的应用.石油物探,43(2):103～105.
田锋.2007.裂缝体的弹性模量和裂缝密度.地质学报,81(10):1338～1344.
苑春方,彭苏萍,杨良梁.2005.水平界面上P-SV转换波转换点的精确解.地球物理学报,48(5):1179～1184.
苑春方,彭苏萍,唐俐威,等.2006.含有旅行时间的水平反射界面上P-SV转换波转换点坐标的唯一解析解.地球物理学进展,21(4):1127～1131.
张宝金,成谷,曹景忠,等.2002.用非零偏P-P波、P-SV波计算零偏反射纵波和反射横波.地球物理学进展,17(1):102～106.
Anderson P F,Chabot L,Gray F D.2005.A proposed workflowfor reservoir characterization using multicomponent seismicdata.Expanded Abstracts of75th Annual International SEGMeeting,991～994.X
Bale R A,Li J C,Mattocks B.2005.Robust esti mation of fracturedirections from3-D converted-waves.Expanded Abstracts of75th Annual International SEG Meeting,889～892.
Goodway B.2002.Elastic wave AVO methods.CSEG AnnualConvention Abstracts,1～4.
Li Guofa,Peng Suping.2008.Static correction for low S/N ratioconverted wave seismic data.Applied Geophysics,5(1):44～49.
Miao X G,Gray S,Zhang Y,Kendall R.2005.Converted-wavetrue amplitude prestack Kirchhoff migration.ExpandedAbstracts of75th Annual International SEG Meeting,935～938.
Stewart R R,Zhang Qi,Guthoff F.1995.Relationships amongelastic-wave values(RPP,RPS,RSS,VP,VS,r,s,k).TheCREWES Project Research Report,7(10):1～9.
Stewart R R,Bland H.1997.An approxi mate relationship betweenRPSandRSS.The CREWES Project Research Report,9(12):1～5.
Xu HB,Hannan Sr A E,Dai J C,Koesoemadinata A,Zou K S.2005.Converted-wave elastici mpedanceinversionin practice:acase study in the Gulf of Mexico.Expanded Abstracts of75thAnnual International SEG Meeting,967～970.
李国发,彭苏萍,何兵寿,等.2005a.转换波地震资料处理的关键问题与解决方法.中国矿业大学学报,34(1):41～45.
李国发,彭苏萍,高日胜,等.2005b.转换波地震资料中面波的压制.石油物探,44(3):214～217.
李明,侯连华,邹才能,等.2005.岩性地层油气藏地球物理勘探技术与应用.北京:石油工业出版社.
彭苏萍,何登科,勾精为,等.2008.观测系统的面元划分与覆盖次数计算.煤炭学报,33(1):55～58.
孙鹏远,孙建国,卢秀丽.2004a.P-SV波和SS波反射系数之间的近似关系.地球学报,25(6):677～682.
孙鹏远,孙建国,卢秀丽.2004b.P-SV波在提取SS波零偏移距反射率中的应用.石油物探,43(2):103～105.
田锋.2007.裂缝体的弹性模量和裂缝密度.地质学报,81(10):1338～1344.
苑春方,彭苏萍,杨良梁.2005.水平界面上P-SV转换波转换点的精确解.地球物理学报,48(5):1179～1184.
苑春方,彭苏萍,唐俐威,等.2006.含有旅行时间的水平反射界面上P-SV转换波转换点坐标的唯一解析解.地球物理学进展,21(4):1127～1131.
张宝金,成谷,曹景忠,等.2002.用非零偏P-P波、P-SV波计算零偏反射纵波和反射横波.地球物理学进展,17(1):102～106.
Anderson P F,Chabot L,Gray F D.2005.A proposed workflowfor reservoir characterization using multicomponent seismicdata.Expanded Abstracts of75th Annual International SEGMeeting,991～994.X
Bale R A,Li J C,Mattocks B.2005.Robust esti mation of fracturedirections from3-D converted-waves.Expanded Abstracts of75th Annual International SEG Meeting,889～892.
Goodway B.2002.Elastic wave AVO methods.CSEG AnnualConvention Abstracts,1～4.
Li Guofa,Peng Suping.2008.Static correction for low S/N ratioconverted wave seismic data.Applied Geophysics,5(1):44～49.
Miao X G,Gray S,Zhang Y,Kendall R.2005.Converted-wavetrue amplitude prestack Kirchhoff migration.ExpandedAbstracts of75th Annual International SEG Meeting,935～938.
Stewart R R,Zhang Qi,Guthoff F.1995.Relationships amongelastic-wave values(RPP,RPS,RSS,VP,VS,r,s,k).TheCREWES Project Research Report,7(10):1～9.
Stewart R R,Bland H.1997.An approxi mate relationship betweenRPSandRSS.The CREWES Project Research Report,9(12):1～5.
Xu HB,Hannan Sr A E,Dai J C,Koesoemadinata A,Zou K S.2005.Converted-wave elastici mpedanceinversionin practice:acase study in the Gulf of Mexico.Expanded Abstracts of75thAnnual International SEG Meeting,967～970.
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