基于小波变换的地震信号压缩
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摘要
地震数据压缩是解决海量地震数据传输及存储的一项关键技术。本文针对地震数据中信号和噪声的特点,选用基于小波变换的地震信号压缩方法,此法主要包括:①对地震信号进行二维小波变换;②利用系数之间的相关性对变换后的系数采用零树编码方法重新组织;③对系数进行阈值运算及量化处理;④采用自适应算术编码对量化后的系数进行无损熵编码。此法可对地震信号实现高保真大比率压缩。对典型地震信号压缩结果表明,当压缩比达到50:1以上时,经解压恢复后的信息没有明显损失。
Compression of seismic data is a key technique for solving a great amount of transportation and storage of seismic data. Aimed at the feature of signals and noises in seismic data,the paper selected the compressed method of seismic data based on wavelet transform. The method includes: ①2-D wavelet transform of seismic signals; ② using correlation between the coefficients to reorganize the transformed coefficients by zero-tree coding method ; ③ threshold-operational and quantitative processing of coefficients; ④ using adaptive arithmetic code for entropy coding of quantitative coefficients without loss. The method can implement hi-fi compression with high rate of seismic signals. The compressed results of typical seismic signals showed that there would be no distinct loss of information after decompression when the compressed ratios are above 50:1.
Compression of seismic data is a key technique for solving a great amount of transportation and storage of seismic data. Aimed at the feature of signals and noises in seismic data,the paper selected the compressed method of seismic data based on wavelet transform. The method includes: ①2-D wavelet transform of seismic signals; ② using correlation between the coefficients to reorganize the transformed coefficients by zero-tree coding method ; ③ threshold-operational and quantitative processing of coefficients; ④ using adaptive arithmetic code for entropy coding of quantitative coefficients without loss. The method can implement hi-fi compression with high rate of seismic signals. The compressed results of typical seismic signals showed that there would be no distinct loss of information after decompression when the compressed ratios are above 50:1.
引文
[1] 皮声洪等．地震勘探数据整理与石油数据银行文集． 北京:石油工业出版社,2001
[2] 唐向宏．利用小波变换进行地震数据压缩．成都理工 学院学报,1999,4
[3]唐向宏等．利用二维M带小波变换进行地震数据压 缩．石油地球物理勘探,1999,34(2):227-234
[4] Villasensor J D. Seismic data compression using high-dimensional wavelet transforms. IEEE Proc Data Compression Conference (Snowbird, USA) , 1996,(4):396-405
[5] Khene M F and Abdul - Jauwad S H . Adaptive seismic compression by wavelet shrinkage. Proceedings of the Tenth IEEE Workshop on Statistical Signal and Array Processing, 2000,544-548
[6] 冯占林．基于小波变换的地震数据压缩的工程分析． 清华大学学报(自然科学版),2001,41(5):170-173
[7] Coifman R R and Donoho D L . Translation - invariant de-nosing. Technical Reports, Yale University and Stanford University ,1995
[8] Donoho D L . De - nosing by soft - thresholding . IEEE Trans Informal Theory, 1995,41(3): 613-627
[9] Shapiro J M . Embedded image coding using zerotrees of wavelet coefficients. IEEE Trans Signal Processing , 1993, 41(12):3445-3462
[10] MarkNelson . Arithmetic Coding + Statistical Model ing Data Compression. DDJ ,1991
[11] Witten I et al . Arithmetic coding for data compres sion.Commnn ACM, 1987 30(6): 520-540
[2] 唐向宏．利用小波变换进行地震数据压缩．成都理工 学院学报,1999,4
[3]唐向宏等．利用二维M带小波变换进行地震数据压 缩．石油地球物理勘探,1999,34(2):227-234
[4] Villasensor J D. Seismic data compression using high-dimensional wavelet transforms. IEEE Proc Data Compression Conference (Snowbird, USA) , 1996,(4):396-405
[5] Khene M F and Abdul - Jauwad S H . Adaptive seismic compression by wavelet shrinkage. Proceedings of the Tenth IEEE Workshop on Statistical Signal and Array Processing, 2000,544-548
[6] 冯占林．基于小波变换的地震数据压缩的工程分析． 清华大学学报(自然科学版),2001,41(5):170-173
[7] Coifman R R and Donoho D L . Translation - invariant de-nosing. Technical Reports, Yale University and Stanford University ,1995
[8] Donoho D L . De - nosing by soft - thresholding . IEEE Trans Informal Theory, 1995,41(3): 613-627
[9] Shapiro J M . Embedded image coding using zerotrees of wavelet coefficients. IEEE Trans Signal Processing , 1993, 41(12):3445-3462
[10] MarkNelson . Arithmetic Coding + Statistical Model ing Data Compression. DDJ ,1991
[11] Witten I et al . Arithmetic coding for data compres sion.Commnn ACM, 1987 30(6): 520-540
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