砌体结构震后快速鉴定方法研究
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摘要
目前我国没有专门针对于震后砌体结构快速鉴定的规范或规程,为此提出一种应用于震后砌体结构快速评估的方法。该方法在分析砌体结构常见震害的基础上,对地震中构件的破坏程度提出了定量和定性的判断标准;利用模糊数学方法对各类构件进行安全等级评价,形成隶属度判断矩阵;采用层次分析法对各类构件、各结构层进行权重评价;依据等级隶属度判断矩阵和各类构件、各结构层的权重进行综合分析,得出整体结构的安全性评价。建议的方法简单易行,层次清晰,鉴定结果较为真实精确。并且依照建议方法可以容易编制计算机程序,使鉴定工作程序化,消减了工作量,并对震后紧急情况下应急救援政策的制定、救灾措施的实施和开展提供科学的决策依据。
Currently,there is no code that is specially used for the rapid identification of the masonry structures after the earthquake in China.A specific method used for rapid assessment to the masonry structure after the earthquake is presented in this paper.Based on the analysis of earthquake damage of masonry structures,this method gives quantitative and qualitative judgments to the damage degree of the common components.By using the fuzzy mathematics method,the security level of the components can be evaluated and the judgment matrix of membership grade can be established.Then the weights of components and structures are evaluated by using the AHP.Finally,by analyzing the judgment matrix of level membership grade and the weights of components and structures comprehensively,the safety evaluation of the whole structure can be acquired.This method is easy to apply and has clear layers.The identification result of this method is accurate.In accordance with this method,a computer program can be easily compiled to make the identification work procedurally,thus to reduce the workload and identification time.Besides,by using this method,the judgment reference can be provided to set down the policies of salvation and put the rescue measures into practice.
Currently,there is no code that is specially used for the rapid identification of the masonry structures after the earthquake in China.A specific method used for rapid assessment to the masonry structure after the earthquake is presented in this paper.Based on the analysis of earthquake damage of masonry structures,this method gives quantitative and qualitative judgments to the damage degree of the common components.By using the fuzzy mathematics method,the security level of the components can be evaluated and the judgment matrix of membership grade can be established.Then the weights of components and structures are evaluated by using the AHP.Finally,by analyzing the judgment matrix of level membership grade and the weights of components and structures comprehensively,the safety evaluation of the whole structure can be acquired.This method is easy to apply and has clear layers.The identification result of this method is accurate.In accordance with this method,a computer program can be easily compiled to make the identification work procedurally,thus to reduce the workload and identification time.Besides,by using this method,the judgment reference can be provided to set down the policies of salvation and put the rescue measures into practice.
引文
[1]任晓崧,吕西林,李建中,等.5.12四川汶川地震后青川房屋应急评估中砖砌体房屋的震害情况初探[J].结构工程师,2008,24(3):3-8.
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[4]JGJ 125—99危险房屋鉴定标准[S].
[5]GB 50292—1999民用建筑可靠性鉴定标准[S].
[6]GB 50023—95建筑抗震鉴定标准[S].
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[2]李乔,赵世春.汶川大地震工程震害分析[M].成都:西南交通大学出版社,2008.
[3]同济大学土木工程防灾国家重点实验室.汶川地震震害[M].上海:同济大学出版社,2008.
[4]JGJ 125—99危险房屋鉴定标准[S].
[5]GB 50292—1999民用建筑可靠性鉴定标准[S].
[6]GB 50023—95建筑抗震鉴定标准[S].
[7]赵涣臣,许树柏,和金生.层次分析法[M].北京:科学出版社,1986.
[8]许玖平,吴巍.多属性决策的理论与方法[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2006.
[9]陈少杰,顾祥林,张伟平.层次分析法在既有建筑结构体系可靠性评定中的应用[J].结构工程师,2005,21(2):31-35.
[10]孙长明,綦宝晖,阎石.模糊数学在工业厂房可靠性鉴定中的应用[J].沈阳建筑工程学报,2001,17(4):268-271.
[11]清华大学、西南交通大学、北京交通大学土木工程结构专家组.汶川地震建筑震害分析[J].建筑结构学报,2008,29(4):1-9.
[12]陈国兴,谢军婓,张克绪.天然地基浅基础的震害分析[J].岩土工程学报,1995,17(1):66-72.
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