应用地震学方法研究中国大陆活动地块应力应变场
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摘要
在中国大陆活动地块假说及活动边界研究的基础上 ,将中国大陆按照地震活动特征进行分区 .利用大地震的震源机制资料和历史强震资料 ,结合小震综合节面解 ,研究了各地震区的应力应变状态 ,给出了各地震区的平均应力主轴方向和平均应变率 .应用地震应变能积累释放模型研究了各地震区的地震活动水平 .结果表明最大剪切应变率与地震活动水平存在线性关系 .将地震资料给出的中国大陆地壳应力应变场与GPS测量给出的结果进行了比较 ,初步说明了两种结果存在着统一性 ,从而显示出活动地块运动变形与强震活动的内在联系
The sub-regions are delineated for the seismicity of Chinese mainland based on the hypothesis of active tectonic block and researches on active boundaries. On this result, the mean principal stress axes and average strain rates of each sub-regions are deduced from focal mechanism solutions and historical major earthquake data, combined with composite plane solutions of small earthquakes. The seismicities of each sub-region are studied using the strain accumulating and releasing model. The results show that seismicities and mean shear strain rates of each sub-region fit a linear relation. The stress and strain results derived from earthquake data and those results deduced from GPS survey are compared. The comparability shows these two kinds of results are coherent, and also indicates that there are internal relations between the movement and deformation of active tectonic blocks and their seismic activity.
The sub-regions are delineated for the seismicity of Chinese mainland based on the hypothesis of active tectonic block and researches on active boundaries. On this result, the mean principal stress axes and average strain rates of each sub-regions are deduced from focal mechanism solutions and historical major earthquake data, combined with composite plane solutions of small earthquakes. The seismicities of each sub-region are studied using the strain accumulating and releasing model. The results show that seismicities and mean shear strain rates of each sub-region fit a linear relation. The stress and strain results derived from earthquake data and those results deduced from GPS survey are compared. The comparability shows these two kinds of results are coherent, and also indicates that there are internal relations between the movement and deformation of active tectonic blocks and their seismic activity.
引文
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[9] 许忠淮.东亚地区现今构造应力图的编制.地震学报,2001,23(5):492～501XuZH .Apresent daytectonicstressmapforeasternAsiaregion.ActaSeismologicaSinica(inChinese),2001,23(5):492～501
[10]张培震,邓起东,张国民等.中国大陆的强震活动与活动地块.中国科学(D辑),2003,33(增刊):12～20ZhangPZ ,DengQD ,ZhangGM ,etal.ActivetectonicblocksandstrongearthquakesinthecontinentofChina.ScienceinChina(SeriesD),2003,46(Suppl.):13～24
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[14]GutenbergB .andRichterCF .Earthquakemagnitude,intensity,en ergyandacceleration(Secondpaper).Bull.Seismol.Soc.Am.,1956,46:105～145
[15]王晓青,傅征祥,蒋 铭.2005年前中国大陆地震震级概率预测.地震学报,1996,18(4):420～426WangXQ ,FuZX ,JiangM .Probabilityforecastofearthquakemag nitudeintheChinesemainlandbeforeA .D .2005.ActaSeismologicaSinica(inChinese),1996,18(4):420～426
[16]张国民,汪素云,李 丽等.中国大陆地震震源深度及其构造含义.科学通报,2002,47(9):663～668ZhangGM ,WangSY ,LiL ,etal.Focaldepthresearchofearth quakesinmainlandChina:implicationoftectonics.ChineseScienceBulletin,2002,47(12):969～974
[17]杨国华,李延兴,韩月萍等.由GPS观测结果推导中国大陆现今水平应变场.地震学报,2002,24(4):337～347YangGH ,LiYX ,HanYP ,etal.CurrenthorizontalstrainfieldinChinesemainlandderivedfromGPSdata.ActaSeismologicaSinica(inChinese),2002,24(4):337～347
[18]江在森,马宗晋,张 希等.GPS初步结果揭示的中国大陆水平应变场与构造变形.地球物理学报,2003,46(3):352～358JiangZS ,MaZJ,ZhangX ,etal.HorizontalstrainfieldandtectonicdeformationofChinamainlandrevealedbypreliminaryGPSresult.ChineseJ.Geophys.(inChinese),2003,46(3):352～358
[19]李延兴,李 智,张静华等.中国大陆及周边地区的水平应变场.地球物理学报,2004,47(2):222～231LiYX ,LiZ ,ZhangJH ,etal.HorizontalstrainfieldintheChinesemainlandanditssurroundingareas.ChineseJ.Geophys.(inChin ese),2004,47(2):222～231
[20]李延兴,杨国华,李 智等.中国大陆活动地块的运动与应变状态.中国科学(D辑),2003,33(增刊):65～81LiYX ,YangGH ,LiZ ,etal.Movementandstrainconditionofac tiveblocksintheChinesemainland.ScienceinChina(SeriesD),2003,46(Suppl.):82～106
[21]马宏生,刘 杰,张国民等.用应变积累释放模型研究中国大陆地块分区地震活动.地震学报,2002,24(6):569～578MaHS ,LiuJ,ZhangGM ,etal.Theseismicityresearchinthesub regionsofChinesemainlandusingstrainaccumulatingandreleasingmodel.ActaSeismologicaSinica(inChinese),2002,24(6):569～578
[2]ChenWang ping,PerterMolnar.SeismicmomentsofmajorearthquakesandtheaveragerateofslipincentralAsia.J .Geo phys.Res.,1977,82(20):2945～2969
[3] HoltWE ,HainesAJ.VelocityfieldindeformingAsiafrominversionofearthquakereleasedstrains.Tectonics,1993,12:1～20
[4] HoltWE ,LiMA ,HainesJ.Earthquakestrainratesandinstanta neousrelativemotionswithincentralandeasternAsia.Geophys.J.Int.,1995,122:569～593
[5] 王泽民,许才军,陈俊勇.利用地震矩张量和GPS速度反演喜玛拉雅块体现今运动学特征.见:马宗晋等主编.青藏高原岩石圈现今变动与动力学.北京:地震出版社,2001.54～62WangZM ,XuCJ,ChenJY .AnalyzecrustaldeformationinHi malayaareabyinvertingseismicmomenttensorsandGPSvelocity.In:MaZJ ,etaled.StudyontherecenteformationanddynamicsofthelithosphereofQinhaiXizang plateau.Beijing:SeismologicalPress,2001.54～62
[6] 汪素云,许忠淮.中国东部大陆的地震构造应力场.地震学报,1985,7(1):17～32WangSY ,XuZH .Seismo tectonicstressfieldineastChina.ActaSeismologicaSinica(inChinese),1985,7(1):17～32
[7] 汪素云,高阿甲,许忠淮.中国及邻区地震震源机制特征.见:国家地震局震害防御司编,中国地震区划文集.北京:地震出版社,1993WangSY ,GaoAJ ,XuZH .ThecharacteristicsoffocalmechanismsinChinamainlandanditssurroundingarea.In:TheearthquakeDisas terPreventionDepartment,StateSeismologicalBureaued.ThecorpusofseismiczoningInChina.Beijing:SeismologicalPress,1993
[8] 许忠淮,汪素云,黄雨蕊等.由大量的地震资料推断的中国大陆构造应力场.地球物理学报,1989,32(6):636～646XuZH ,WangSY ,HuangYR ,etal.ThetectonicstressfieldofChinesecontinentdeducedfromagreatnumberofearthquakes.Chi neseJ.Geophys.(inChinese),1989,32(6):636～646
[9] 许忠淮.东亚地区现今构造应力图的编制.地震学报,2001,23(5):492～501XuZH .Apresent daytectonicstressmapforeasternAsiaregion.ActaSeismologicaSinica(inChinese),2001,23(5):492～501
[10]张培震,邓起东,张国民等.中国大陆的强震活动与活动地块.中国科学(D辑),2003,33(增刊):12～20ZhangPZ ,DengQD ,ZhangGM ,etal.ActivetectonicblocksandstrongearthquakesinthecontinentofChina.ScienceinChina(SeriesD),2003,46(Suppl.):13～24
[11]安艺敬一,P .G .理查兹著.定量地震学(第一卷).李钦祖译.北京:地震出版社,1986AkiK ,RichardsPG .QuantitativeSeismology.TheoryandMethods.SanFrancisco:Freeman,1980
[12]KostovVV .Seismicmoment,energyofearthquakes,andtheseismicflowofrock.IZV .Acad.Sci.USSRPhys.SolidEarthEngl.Transl.,1974,10:23～44
[13]黄玮琼,李文香,曹学锋.中国大陆地震完整性研究(二).地震学报,1994,16(4):423～432HuangWQ ,LiWX ,CaoXF .ResearchonthecompletenessofearthquakedataintheChinesemainland(Ⅱ).ActaSeismologicaSini ca(inChinese),1994,16(4):423～432
[14]GutenbergB .andRichterCF .Earthquakemagnitude,intensity,en ergyandacceleration(Secondpaper).Bull.Seismol.Soc.Am.,1956,46:105～145
[15]王晓青,傅征祥,蒋 铭.2005年前中国大陆地震震级概率预测.地震学报,1996,18(4):420～426WangXQ ,FuZX ,JiangM .Probabilityforecastofearthquakemag nitudeintheChinesemainlandbeforeA .D .2005.ActaSeismologicaSinica(inChinese),1996,18(4):420～426
[16]张国民,汪素云,李 丽等.中国大陆地震震源深度及其构造含义.科学通报,2002,47(9):663～668ZhangGM ,WangSY ,LiL ,etal.Focaldepthresearchofearth quakesinmainlandChina:implicationoftectonics.ChineseScienceBulletin,2002,47(12):969～974
[17]杨国华,李延兴,韩月萍等.由GPS观测结果推导中国大陆现今水平应变场.地震学报,2002,24(4):337～347YangGH ,LiYX ,HanYP ,etal.CurrenthorizontalstrainfieldinChinesemainlandderivedfromGPSdata.ActaSeismologicaSinica(inChinese),2002,24(4):337～347
[18]江在森,马宗晋,张 希等.GPS初步结果揭示的中国大陆水平应变场与构造变形.地球物理学报,2003,46(3):352～358JiangZS ,MaZJ,ZhangX ,etal.HorizontalstrainfieldandtectonicdeformationofChinamainlandrevealedbypreliminaryGPSresult.ChineseJ.Geophys.(inChinese),2003,46(3):352～358
[19]李延兴,李 智,张静华等.中国大陆及周边地区的水平应变场.地球物理学报,2004,47(2):222～231LiYX ,LiZ ,ZhangJH ,etal.HorizontalstrainfieldintheChinesemainlandanditssurroundingareas.ChineseJ.Geophys.(inChin ese),2004,47(2):222～231
[20]李延兴,杨国华,李 智等.中国大陆活动地块的运动与应变状态.中国科学(D辑),2003,33(增刊):65～81LiYX ,YangGH ,LiZ ,etal.Movementandstrainconditionofac tiveblocksintheChinesemainland.ScienceinChina(SeriesD),2003,46(Suppl.):82～106
[21]马宏生,刘 杰,张国民等.用应变积累释放模型研究中国大陆地块分区地震活动.地震学报,2002,24(6):569～578MaHS ,LiuJ,ZhangGM ,etal.Theseismicityresearchinthesub regionsofChinesemainlandusingstrainaccumulatingandreleasingmodel.ActaSeismologicaSinica(inChinese),2002,24(6):569～578
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