利用地震波在双相介质中的衰减特性检测油气
|
摘要
在平面波假设条件下,本文通过求解波动方程推导了双相介质中地震波衰减系数计算公式,并分析了衰减系数随频率的变化关系。结果表明,在常规地震勘探的频率范围内,地震波在双相介质中传播时,存在介质吸收效应,且衰减系数近似与圆频率成正比。衰减系数同时受地震波频率和耗散系数的影响,表现为频率越高,衰减系数越大,耗散系数越大,衰减系数随频率的变化越大,表明地震波在穿过双相介质时其不同频率成分对应的能量要发生变化,低频能量衰减小,高频能量衰减大,在频谱上表现为低频能量相对增强,高频能量相对减弱。据此提出了一种利用地震资料的低、高频段信息反演地下介质双相特性或含油气性的方法,理论模型与实际资料的反演结果均验证了文中方法是可行的。
In this paper under the assumption of plane wave,by solving seismic wave equation the attenuation coefficient formula in dual-phase medium was derived,and the change relationship of the attenuation coefficient with frequency was analyzed,the results show that when seismic wave propagated in the frequency range of conventional seismic exploration in dual-phase medium,the medium absorption effect existed,and the attenuation coefficient was approximately proportional to circular frequency.The attenuation coefficient was affected by seismic wave and dissipation coefficient at the same time,showing that the higher the frequency,the greater the attenuation coefficient,and the greater the dissipation coefficient,the greater the attenuation coefficient changes with frequency,the results above shows that when seismic waves passed through the dual-phase medium the corresponding energy for the different frequency component changed,with a small low-frequency energy attenuation and a large high-frequency energy attenuation,resulting in low-frequency energy enhanced and high frequency energy relatively attenuated on the energy spectrum,therefore a method by which the dual-phase characteristic or oil-gas possibility in subsurface media were inverted by utilizing the information in both the low-frequency range and the high-frequency range was proposed,the theoretical model and actual data inversion results all verified the feasibility of the method.
In this paper under the assumption of plane wave,by solving seismic wave equation the attenuation coefficient formula in dual-phase medium was derived,and the change relationship of the attenuation coefficient with frequency was analyzed,the results show that when seismic wave propagated in the frequency range of conventional seismic exploration in dual-phase medium,the medium absorption effect existed,and the attenuation coefficient was approximately proportional to circular frequency.The attenuation coefficient was affected by seismic wave and dissipation coefficient at the same time,showing that the higher the frequency,the greater the attenuation coefficient,and the greater the dissipation coefficient,the greater the attenuation coefficient changes with frequency,the results above shows that when seismic waves passed through the dual-phase medium the corresponding energy for the different frequency component changed,with a small low-frequency energy attenuation and a large high-frequency energy attenuation,resulting in low-frequency energy enhanced and high frequency energy relatively attenuated on the energy spectrum,therefore a method by which the dual-phase characteristic or oil-gas possibility in subsurface media were inverted by utilizing the information in both the low-frequency range and the high-frequency range was proposed,the theoretical model and actual data inversion results all verified the feasibility of the method.
引文
[1]Biot MA.Theory of propagation of elastic waves in a fluid-saturated porous solid:Ⅰ.Low-frequency range.J Acoust Soc Am,1956,28(2):168～178
[2]Biot M A.Theory of propagation of elastic waves in a fluid-saturated porous solid:Ⅱ.High-frequency range.J Acoust So Am,1956,28(2):179～191
[3]Biot M A.Mechanics of deformations and acoustic propagation in porous media.J Appl Phy,1962,33(4):1482～1498
[4]Biot M A.Generalized theory of acoustic propagation in porous dissipative media.J Acoust Soc Am,1962,34(9A):1254～1264
[5]Plona TJ.Observation of a second bulk compression-al wave in a porous mediumat ultrasonic frequencies.Appl Phys Lett,1980,36(4):259～261
[6]Nagy P B,Adler Land Bonner B P.Slow wave propa-gationin air-filled porous materials and natural rocks.Appl Phys Lett,1990,56(25):2504～2506
[7]Boyle F Aand Chotiros H P.Experi mental detection of a slowacoustic wavein sedi ment at shallowgrazing angles.J Acoust Soc Am,1991,89(4B):1982～1982
[8]刘洋,李承楚,牟永光.双相横向各向同性介质分界面上弹性波反射与透射问题研究.地球物理学报,2000,43(5):691～698
[9]张会星.双相介质中地震波动方程的高阶有限差分解法.物探与化探,2004,28(4):307～309
[10]裴正林.双相各向异性介质弹性波传播交错网格高阶有限差分法模拟.石油地球物理勘探,2006,41(2):137～143
[11]Walsh J B.Seismic waves attenuation in rock due to friction.JGR,1966,71(10):2591～2599
[12]Johnston D Hand Toksoz M N.Attenuation of seis-mic wave in dry and saturated rocks:Ⅱ.Mecha-nisms.Geophysics,1979,44(4):691～711
[13]Li Zishun.Physical mechanismof seismic attenuation in a two-phase medium.Applied Geophysics,2008,5(1):9～17
[14]Bordakov G A,Ilyasov K K,Sekerzh-zenkovitch S Y and Mikolaevski E Y.Wave refraction with a porous plate in liquid-Comparison of Biot’s and BISQ theo-ries.Expanded Abstracts of61st EAEG Internat Mtg,EAGE,1999,2～3
[15]Dvorkin J,Nolen-Hoeksema Rand Nur A.The squirt-flow mechanicsm:macroscopic descryiption.Geophys-ics,1994,59(3):428～438
[16]Arntsen B Mand Carcione J.Numerical si mulation of the Biot slow wave in water-saturated Nivelsteiner sandstone.Geophysics,2001,66(3):890～896
[17]Dai N,Vafidis Aand Kanasewich E R.Wave propa-gation in heterogeneous,porous media:A velocity-stress,finite-difference method.Geophysics,1995,60(2):327～339
[2]Biot M A.Theory of propagation of elastic waves in a fluid-saturated porous solid:Ⅱ.High-frequency range.J Acoust So Am,1956,28(2):179～191
[3]Biot M A.Mechanics of deformations and acoustic propagation in porous media.J Appl Phy,1962,33(4):1482～1498
[4]Biot M A.Generalized theory of acoustic propagation in porous dissipative media.J Acoust Soc Am,1962,34(9A):1254～1264
[5]Plona TJ.Observation of a second bulk compression-al wave in a porous mediumat ultrasonic frequencies.Appl Phys Lett,1980,36(4):259～261
[6]Nagy P B,Adler Land Bonner B P.Slow wave propa-gationin air-filled porous materials and natural rocks.Appl Phys Lett,1990,56(25):2504～2506
[7]Boyle F Aand Chotiros H P.Experi mental detection of a slowacoustic wavein sedi ment at shallowgrazing angles.J Acoust Soc Am,1991,89(4B):1982～1982
[8]刘洋,李承楚,牟永光.双相横向各向同性介质分界面上弹性波反射与透射问题研究.地球物理学报,2000,43(5):691～698
[9]张会星.双相介质中地震波动方程的高阶有限差分解法.物探与化探,2004,28(4):307～309
[10]裴正林.双相各向异性介质弹性波传播交错网格高阶有限差分法模拟.石油地球物理勘探,2006,41(2):137～143
[11]Walsh J B.Seismic waves attenuation in rock due to friction.JGR,1966,71(10):2591～2599
[12]Johnston D Hand Toksoz M N.Attenuation of seis-mic wave in dry and saturated rocks:Ⅱ.Mecha-nisms.Geophysics,1979,44(4):691～711
[13]Li Zishun.Physical mechanismof seismic attenuation in a two-phase medium.Applied Geophysics,2008,5(1):9～17
[14]Bordakov G A,Ilyasov K K,Sekerzh-zenkovitch S Y and Mikolaevski E Y.Wave refraction with a porous plate in liquid-Comparison of Biot’s and BISQ theo-ries.Expanded Abstracts of61st EAEG Internat Mtg,EAGE,1999,2～3
[15]Dvorkin J,Nolen-Hoeksema Rand Nur A.The squirt-flow mechanicsm:macroscopic descryiption.Geophys-ics,1994,59(3):428～438
[16]Arntsen B Mand Carcione J.Numerical si mulation of the Biot slow wave in water-saturated Nivelsteiner sandstone.Geophysics,2001,66(3):890～896
[17]Dai N,Vafidis Aand Kanasewich E R.Wave propa-gation in heterogeneous,porous media:A velocity-stress,finite-difference method.Geophysics,1995,60(2):327～339
版权所有：© 2023 中国地质图书馆 中国地质调查局地学文献中心